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Üniversite Uluslararası Yayın Performansının Bibliyometrik Analizler ile İncelenmesi: Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Örneği

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 58, 86 - 107, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.53568/yyusbed.1187435

Öz

Üniversitelerin performanslarını ölçmek için çeşitli metrikler kullanılmaktadır. Yayın performansının ölçülmesi bu metriklerin en yaygın olanlarından biridir. Bu çalışmanın amacı üniversitelerin akademik performanslarının bibliyometrik verilere dayalı olarak incelenmesine ilişkin örnek bir model ortaya koymaktır. Bu bağlamda Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesinin uluslararası yayın performansını bibliyometrik ve betimleyici analizler kullanarak bilimsel haritalama ve performans analizi kapsamında incelenmiştir. Veri seti Web of Science (WOS) veri tabanı üzerinden mensup olunan kurum bilgisi Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi olan tüm araştırmalar içerisinden yalnızca makaleler filtrelenerek 8734 sonuç kullanılarak oluşturulmuştur. Araştırma 2022 yılı Nisan ayına kadar olan SCI/SCI-Expanded, SSCI, ESCI ve AHCI indekslerinde taranan makalelerinin bibliyometrik verilerini kapsamaktadır. En çok yayın yapılan dergiler, WOS araştırma alanları, anahtar sözcükler ve metin verilerine dayalı bibliyometrik haritalar incelendiğinde araştırmaların çoğunlukla Sağlık ve Fen Bilimleri alanlarında gerçekleştirildiği belirlenmiştir. Ortak yazarlı çalışmalardaki ortaklıklar incelendiğinde yayınların önemli bir kısmının çok yazarlı olduğu ve ortakların YYÜ ve yakın coğrafyadaki kurumlarda görev yaptığı bulunmuştur. Özellikle gelişmiş ülkeler ile uluslararası ortaklı araştırmaların yayın atıf oranlarının diğerlerine kıyasen yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Buna göre uluslararası ortaklıkların nitelik açısından çalışmalara katkısının olduğu da aşikârdır. Bu araştırmada YYÜ, bibliyometrik verilere dayalı olarak performans değerlendirilmesi kapsamında örnek bir durum olarak ele alınmıştır. Gelecek araştırmalarda hedef performansı sergileyen bir üniversite ile karşılaştırmalı olarak bibliyometrik analizlerinin yapılmasının karar vericilere daha fazla bilgi sunabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Auranen, O., & Nieminen, M. (2010). University research funding and publication performance: An international comparison. Research Policy, 39(6), 822-834. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2010.03.003
  • Baker, H. K., Kumar, S., & Pandey, N. (2020). A bibliometric analysis of Managerial Finance: A retrospective. Managerial Finance, 46(11), 1495–1517. https://doi.org/10.1108/MF-06-2019-0277
  • Bellis, D. N. (2009). Bibliometrics and citation analysis: from the science citation index to cybermetrics. Scarecrow Press.
  • Broadus, R. N. (1987). Toward a definition of “bibliometrics”. Scientometrics, 12(5–6), 373–379. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02016680
  • Chen, L. H. (2008). Internationalization or international marketing? Two frameworks for understanding international students' choice of Canadian universities. Journal of Marketing for Higher Education, 18(1), 1-33. https://doi.org/10.1080/08841240802100113
  • Chen, K., Yao, Q., Sun, J., He, Z.F., Yao, L. and Liu, Z.Y. (2016), International publication trends and collaboration performance of China in healthcare science and services research. Journal of Health Policy Research, 5(1), 1-15.
  • Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2007). Research methods in education. New York, NY: Routledge
  • Cornblit, O. (1970). Factors affecting scientific productivity Latin American case. International Social Science Journal, 22(2), 243-263. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000024203
  • CWTS Leiden Ranking. (2021). CWTS Leiden Ranking (PP top 10%) 2021 - World. Leiden University’s Centre for Science and Technology Studies. https://www.universityrankings.ch/en/results?ranking=Leiden&region=World&year=2021&q=Turkey
  • Demir, N., & Parin, S. (2021). Üniversite-kent ilişkisi üzerine bir araştırma: Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi örneği. Hafıza Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 3(1). https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1722028
  • Donthu, N., Gremler, D. D., Kumar, S., & Pattnaik, D. (2022). Mapping of Journal of Service Research themes: A 22-year review. Journal of Service Research. 25(2), https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670520977670032
  • Donthu, N., Kumar, S., Pandey, N., & Lim, W. M. (2021a). Research constituents, intellectual structure, and collaboration patterns in journal of international marketing: An analytical retrospective. Journal of International Marketing, 29(2), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069031X211004234
  • Donthu, N., Kumar, S., Mukherjee, D., Pandey, N., & Lim, W. M. (2021b). How to conduct a bibliometric analysis: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 133, 285-296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.04.070
  • Doulani, A. (2020). A bibliometric analysis and science mapping of scientific publications of Alzahra University during 1986–2019. Library Hi Tech. 39(4), 915-935. https://doi.org/10.1108/LHT-06-2020-0131
  • Ellegaard, O., & Wallin, J. A. (2015). The bibliometric analysis of scholarly production: How great is the impact?. Scientometrics, 105(3), 1809-1831. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-015-1645-z
  • Fox, M. F., & Faver, C. A. (1984). Independence and cooperation in research: The motivations and costs of collaboration. The Journal of Higher Education, 55(3), 347-359. https://doi.org/10.2307/1981888
  • Gralka, S., Wohlrabe, K., & Bornmann, L. (2019). How to measure research efficiency in higher education? Research grants vs. publication output. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 41(3), 322-341. https://doi.org/10.1080/1360080X.2019.1588492
  • Gülmez, D., Özteke, İ., & Gümüş, S. (2020). Uluslararası dergilerde yayımlanan Türkiye kaynaklı eğitim araştırmalarının genel görünümü: Bibliyometrik analiz. Eğitim ve Bilim, 46(206). http://dx.doi.org/10.15390/EB.2020.9317
  • Hugar, J. G. (2008). Scientific Publications of Goa University as reflected in Web of Science Database during 2008–2017. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2121
  • Jurajda, Š., Kozubek, S., Münich, D., & Škoda, S. (2017). Scientific publication performance in post-communist countries: still lagging far behind. Scientometrics, 112(1), 315-328. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-017-2389-8. Kaur, H., & Mahajan, P. (2012). Comparative evaluation of research output: AIIMS vs PGIMER. DESIDOC. Journal of Library & Information Technology, 32(6).
  • Khanna, S., Singh, N. K., Tewari, D., & Saini, H. S. (2017). Scientometric analysis of the research output of physics and astronomy of Guru Nanak Dev University during 2006-15. DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology, 37(5), 337.
  • McBurney, M. K., & Novak, P. L. (2002). What is bibliometrics and why should you care?. In Proceedings. IEEE international professional communication conference (pp. 108-114). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/IPCC.2002.1049094
  • Mejia, C., Wu, M., Zhang, Y., & Kajikawa, Y. (2021). Exploring topics in bibliometric research through citation networks and semantic analysis. Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/frma.2021.742311.
  • Mokhtari, H., Mirezati, S. Z., Saberi, M. K., Fazli, F., & Kharabati-Neshin, M. (2019). A bibliometric analysis and visualization of the scientific publications of universities: A study of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences during 1992-2018. Webology, 16(2).
  • Noaman, A. Y., Ragab, A. H. M., Madbouly, A. I., Khedra, A. M., & Fayoumi, A. G. (2017). Higher education quality assessment model: towards achieving educational quality standard. Studies in Higher Education, 42(1), 23-46. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2015.1034262
  • Nederhof, A. J. (2006). Bibliometric monitoring of research performance in the social sciences and the humanities: A review. Scientometrics, 66(1), 81-100. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-006-0007-2
  • Pedro, E., Mendes, L., & Lourenço, L. (2018). Perceived service quality and student's satisfaction in higher education: the influence of teaching methods. International Journal for Quality Research, 12(1). Pendlebury, D. A. (n.d.). Using bibliometrics in evaluating research (White Paper). Research Department, Thomson Reuters, Philadelphia, PA USA. https://lib.guides.umd.edu/ld.php?content_id=13278687
  • Pritchard, A. (1969). Statistical bibliography or bibliometrics. Journal of Documentation, 25, 48-349.
  • Rossetto, D. E., Bernardes, R. C., Borini, F. M., & Gattaz, C. C. (2018). Structure and evolution of innovation research in the last 60 years: Review and future trends in the field of business through the citations and co-citations analysis. Scientometrics, 115(3), 1329–1363. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-018-2709-7
  • Sabah, F., Hassan, S. U., Muazzam, A., Iqbal, S., Soroya, S. H., & Sarwar, R. (2018). Scientific collaboration networks in Pakistan and their impact on institutional research performance: A case study based on Scopus publications. Library Hi Tech.37 (1), 19-29. https://doi.org/10.1108/LHT-03-2018-0036
  • Sabharwal, M. (2013). Comparing research productivity across disciplines and career stages. Journal of Comparative Policy Analysis: Research and Practice, 15(2), 141-163. https://doi.org/10.1080/13876988.2013.785149
  • Toom, K. (2018). Indicators. In J. Andersen, K. Toom, S. Poli, & P. F. Miller (Eds.), Research Management: Europe and Beyond (pp. 213-230). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/C2015-0-00323-9
  • TÜBİTAK. (2020). Üniversitelerin alan bazında yetkinlik analizi. https://tubitak.gov.tr/sites/default/files/18842/universitelerin_alan_bazli_yetkinlik_analizi_raporu.pdf
  • ULAKBİM. (t.y.a). Temel Bilimler (2004-2014). https://ulakbim.tubitak.gov.tr/tr/hizmetlerimiz/temel-bilimler-2004-2014
  • ULAKBİM. (t.y.b). Dünya, Ülkeler ve Gruplar Bilimsel Yayın Sayısı (2010-2015). https://cabim.ulakbim.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2016/07/D%C3%BCnya-%C3%9Clkeler-ve-Gruplar-Bilimsel-Yay%C4%B1n-Say%C4%B1s%C4%B1-2010-2015.pdf
  • URAP. (2022). Tüm üniversitelerin genel sıralaması. https://newtr.urapcenter.org/Rankings/2022-2023/GENEL-SIRALAMASI-2022.
  • van Eck, N. J., & Waltman, L. (2017). Citation-based clustering of publications using CitNetExplorer and VOSviewer. Scientometrics, 111(2), 1053-1070. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-017-2300-7
  • van Eck, N. J., & Waltman, L. (2022). VOSviewer manual. Manual for VOSviewer version, 1 .6.18. https://www.vosviewer.com/documentation/Manual_VOSviewer_1.6.18.pdf
  • Wallin, J. A. (2005). Bibliometric methods: pitfalls and possibilities. Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, 97(5), 261-275. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-7843.2005.pto_139.x
  • Yaralı Akkaya, A., Azimli Çilingir, G., & Levent, G. T. (2018). Van yüzüncü yıl üniversitesi’ndeki suriyeli öğrencilerin akademik sorunları üzerine bir çalışma. Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi, 413-448. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/590109
  • Zupic, I. ve Cater, T. (2015). Bibliometric methods in management and organization. Organizational Research Methods, 18(3), 429-472. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428114562629

Examining University International Publication Performance with Bibliometric Analysis: The Case of Van Yüzüncü Yıl University

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 58, 86 - 107, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.53568/yyusbed.1187435

Öz

Various metrics are used to measure the performance of universities. Among these metrics, measuring publication performance is one of the most common metrics. The aim of this study is to present an exemplary model for examining the academic performance of universities based on bibliometric data. In this context, the international publication performance of Van Yuzuncu Yil University was examined within the scope of scientific mapping and performance analysis using bibliometric and descriptive analyses. The data set was created using 8734 results by filtering only the peer-reviewed articles among all research studies whose institutional affiliation was Van Yuzuncu Yil University on the Web of Science (WOS) database. This study includes the bibliometric data of the articles located in SCI/SCI-Expanded, SSCI, ESCI and AHCI indexes until April 2022. When the most published journals, WOS research areas, keywords and bibliometric maps based on text data were examined, it was found that the research studies were mostly carried out in the fields of Health and Science. When the partnerships in co-authored articles were examined, it was explored that a significant number of publications were multi-authored and the partners work at YYU as well as at the institutions in the nearby geography. Also, it was seen that the publication citation rates are higher for the articles with international partnerships especially from developed countries. Accordingly, it is quite obvious that international partnerships contribute to the quality of research studies. In this study, YYU has been considered an exemplary case within the scope of performance evaluation based on bibliometric data. In future studies, it is thought that conducting comparative bibliometric studies with a university that exhibits a performance target may provide more information to decision makers.

Kaynakça

  • Auranen, O., & Nieminen, M. (2010). University research funding and publication performance: An international comparison. Research Policy, 39(6), 822-834. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2010.03.003
  • Baker, H. K., Kumar, S., & Pandey, N. (2020). A bibliometric analysis of Managerial Finance: A retrospective. Managerial Finance, 46(11), 1495–1517. https://doi.org/10.1108/MF-06-2019-0277
  • Bellis, D. N. (2009). Bibliometrics and citation analysis: from the science citation index to cybermetrics. Scarecrow Press.
  • Broadus, R. N. (1987). Toward a definition of “bibliometrics”. Scientometrics, 12(5–6), 373–379. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02016680
  • Chen, L. H. (2008). Internationalization or international marketing? Two frameworks for understanding international students' choice of Canadian universities. Journal of Marketing for Higher Education, 18(1), 1-33. https://doi.org/10.1080/08841240802100113
  • Chen, K., Yao, Q., Sun, J., He, Z.F., Yao, L. and Liu, Z.Y. (2016), International publication trends and collaboration performance of China in healthcare science and services research. Journal of Health Policy Research, 5(1), 1-15.
  • Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2007). Research methods in education. New York, NY: Routledge
  • Cornblit, O. (1970). Factors affecting scientific productivity Latin American case. International Social Science Journal, 22(2), 243-263. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000024203
  • CWTS Leiden Ranking. (2021). CWTS Leiden Ranking (PP top 10%) 2021 - World. Leiden University’s Centre for Science and Technology Studies. https://www.universityrankings.ch/en/results?ranking=Leiden&region=World&year=2021&q=Turkey
  • Demir, N., & Parin, S. (2021). Üniversite-kent ilişkisi üzerine bir araştırma: Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi örneği. Hafıza Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 3(1). https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1722028
  • Donthu, N., Gremler, D. D., Kumar, S., & Pattnaik, D. (2022). Mapping of Journal of Service Research themes: A 22-year review. Journal of Service Research. 25(2), https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670520977670032
  • Donthu, N., Kumar, S., Pandey, N., & Lim, W. M. (2021a). Research constituents, intellectual structure, and collaboration patterns in journal of international marketing: An analytical retrospective. Journal of International Marketing, 29(2), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069031X211004234
  • Donthu, N., Kumar, S., Mukherjee, D., Pandey, N., & Lim, W. M. (2021b). How to conduct a bibliometric analysis: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 133, 285-296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.04.070
  • Doulani, A. (2020). A bibliometric analysis and science mapping of scientific publications of Alzahra University during 1986–2019. Library Hi Tech. 39(4), 915-935. https://doi.org/10.1108/LHT-06-2020-0131
  • Ellegaard, O., & Wallin, J. A. (2015). The bibliometric analysis of scholarly production: How great is the impact?. Scientometrics, 105(3), 1809-1831. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-015-1645-z
  • Fox, M. F., & Faver, C. A. (1984). Independence and cooperation in research: The motivations and costs of collaboration. The Journal of Higher Education, 55(3), 347-359. https://doi.org/10.2307/1981888
  • Gralka, S., Wohlrabe, K., & Bornmann, L. (2019). How to measure research efficiency in higher education? Research grants vs. publication output. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 41(3), 322-341. https://doi.org/10.1080/1360080X.2019.1588492
  • Gülmez, D., Özteke, İ., & Gümüş, S. (2020). Uluslararası dergilerde yayımlanan Türkiye kaynaklı eğitim araştırmalarının genel görünümü: Bibliyometrik analiz. Eğitim ve Bilim, 46(206). http://dx.doi.org/10.15390/EB.2020.9317
  • Hugar, J. G. (2008). Scientific Publications of Goa University as reflected in Web of Science Database during 2008–2017. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2121
  • Jurajda, Š., Kozubek, S., Münich, D., & Škoda, S. (2017). Scientific publication performance in post-communist countries: still lagging far behind. Scientometrics, 112(1), 315-328. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-017-2389-8. Kaur, H., & Mahajan, P. (2012). Comparative evaluation of research output: AIIMS vs PGIMER. DESIDOC. Journal of Library & Information Technology, 32(6).
  • Khanna, S., Singh, N. K., Tewari, D., & Saini, H. S. (2017). Scientometric analysis of the research output of physics and astronomy of Guru Nanak Dev University during 2006-15. DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology, 37(5), 337.
  • McBurney, M. K., & Novak, P. L. (2002). What is bibliometrics and why should you care?. In Proceedings. IEEE international professional communication conference (pp. 108-114). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/IPCC.2002.1049094
  • Mejia, C., Wu, M., Zhang, Y., & Kajikawa, Y. (2021). Exploring topics in bibliometric research through citation networks and semantic analysis. Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/frma.2021.742311.
  • Mokhtari, H., Mirezati, S. Z., Saberi, M. K., Fazli, F., & Kharabati-Neshin, M. (2019). A bibliometric analysis and visualization of the scientific publications of universities: A study of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences during 1992-2018. Webology, 16(2).
  • Noaman, A. Y., Ragab, A. H. M., Madbouly, A. I., Khedra, A. M., & Fayoumi, A. G. (2017). Higher education quality assessment model: towards achieving educational quality standard. Studies in Higher Education, 42(1), 23-46. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2015.1034262
  • Nederhof, A. J. (2006). Bibliometric monitoring of research performance in the social sciences and the humanities: A review. Scientometrics, 66(1), 81-100. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-006-0007-2
  • Pedro, E., Mendes, L., & Lourenço, L. (2018). Perceived service quality and student's satisfaction in higher education: the influence of teaching methods. International Journal for Quality Research, 12(1). Pendlebury, D. A. (n.d.). Using bibliometrics in evaluating research (White Paper). Research Department, Thomson Reuters, Philadelphia, PA USA. https://lib.guides.umd.edu/ld.php?content_id=13278687
  • Pritchard, A. (1969). Statistical bibliography or bibliometrics. Journal of Documentation, 25, 48-349.
  • Rossetto, D. E., Bernardes, R. C., Borini, F. M., & Gattaz, C. C. (2018). Structure and evolution of innovation research in the last 60 years: Review and future trends in the field of business through the citations and co-citations analysis. Scientometrics, 115(3), 1329–1363. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-018-2709-7
  • Sabah, F., Hassan, S. U., Muazzam, A., Iqbal, S., Soroya, S. H., & Sarwar, R. (2018). Scientific collaboration networks in Pakistan and their impact on institutional research performance: A case study based on Scopus publications. Library Hi Tech.37 (1), 19-29. https://doi.org/10.1108/LHT-03-2018-0036
  • Sabharwal, M. (2013). Comparing research productivity across disciplines and career stages. Journal of Comparative Policy Analysis: Research and Practice, 15(2), 141-163. https://doi.org/10.1080/13876988.2013.785149
  • Toom, K. (2018). Indicators. In J. Andersen, K. Toom, S. Poli, & P. F. Miller (Eds.), Research Management: Europe and Beyond (pp. 213-230). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/C2015-0-00323-9
  • TÜBİTAK. (2020). Üniversitelerin alan bazında yetkinlik analizi. https://tubitak.gov.tr/sites/default/files/18842/universitelerin_alan_bazli_yetkinlik_analizi_raporu.pdf
  • ULAKBİM. (t.y.a). Temel Bilimler (2004-2014). https://ulakbim.tubitak.gov.tr/tr/hizmetlerimiz/temel-bilimler-2004-2014
  • ULAKBİM. (t.y.b). Dünya, Ülkeler ve Gruplar Bilimsel Yayın Sayısı (2010-2015). https://cabim.ulakbim.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2016/07/D%C3%BCnya-%C3%9Clkeler-ve-Gruplar-Bilimsel-Yay%C4%B1n-Say%C4%B1s%C4%B1-2010-2015.pdf
  • URAP. (2022). Tüm üniversitelerin genel sıralaması. https://newtr.urapcenter.org/Rankings/2022-2023/GENEL-SIRALAMASI-2022.
  • van Eck, N. J., & Waltman, L. (2017). Citation-based clustering of publications using CitNetExplorer and VOSviewer. Scientometrics, 111(2), 1053-1070. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-017-2300-7
  • van Eck, N. J., & Waltman, L. (2022). VOSviewer manual. Manual for VOSviewer version, 1 .6.18. https://www.vosviewer.com/documentation/Manual_VOSviewer_1.6.18.pdf
  • Wallin, J. A. (2005). Bibliometric methods: pitfalls and possibilities. Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, 97(5), 261-275. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-7843.2005.pto_139.x
  • Yaralı Akkaya, A., Azimli Çilingir, G., & Levent, G. T. (2018). Van yüzüncü yıl üniversitesi’ndeki suriyeli öğrencilerin akademik sorunları üzerine bir çalışma. Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi, 413-448. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/590109
  • Zupic, I. ve Cater, T. (2015). Bibliometric methods in management and organization. Organizational Research Methods, 18(3), 429-472. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428114562629
Toplam 41 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Tam Sayı
Yazarlar

Berkan Çelik 0000-0002-7068-8918

Sinan Keskin 0000-0003-0483-3897

Murat Kayri 0000-0002-5933-6444

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 11 Ekim 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Sayı: 58

Kaynak Göster

APA Çelik, B., Keskin, S., & Kayri, M. (2022). Üniversite Uluslararası Yayın Performansının Bibliyometrik Analizler ile İncelenmesi: Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Örneği. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi(58), 86-107. https://doi.org/10.53568/yyusbed.1187435

Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı (CC BY NC) ile lisanslanmıştır.