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Bariyatrik Cerrahi Uygulamaları Sonrası Protein Alımı

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 67 - 76, 30.12.2023

Özlem Kurtuluş

Öz

Çağımızın sağlık sorunlarından biri olan obezite tedavisinde bariyatrik cerrahi oldukça önem teşkil eder. Hedef ağırlığa ulaşılmasını sağlamak için özel diyet önerilerine uyulması gerekmektedir. Bariyatrik cerrahi uygulamaları, morbid obezitesi bulunan hastalarda ideal ağırlığa ulaşmak, obezite komorbiditelerini azaltmak ve yaşam kalitesini iyileştirmede oldukça önemlidir. Bu popülasyondaki diyet proteini alımı yetersiz olma eğilimindedir, bu durum potansiyel olarak yağsız vücut kütlesi kaybına, azalmış metabolik hıza ve fizyolojik hasara yol açmaktadır. Proteinden zengin bir diyet ile bireylerin tokluk oranı artmaktadır ve ideal bir vücut kompozisyonuna ulaşmak mümkün olabilmektedir. Protein kaynaklarının kalitesi ve bileşimi, özellikle kas kütlesinin korunmasına yardımcı olan lösin miktarı, bu hasta grubu için özellikle önemlidir. Avantajlarına rağmen bariyatrik cerrahi operasyonları enerji, protein kısıtlamaları ve mikro besin öğelerinin yetersizliği sebebiyle riskli olarak görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bariyatrik cerrahi Diyet proteini Obezite Yağsız vücut kütlesi

Teşekkür

Dr. Dyt. Emel Öktem Güngör ' e destekleri için teşekkür ederim.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Martin M, Beekley A, Kjorstad R, Sebesta J. Socioeconomic disparities in eligibility and access to bariatric surgery: a national population based analysis. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2010, pp. 8-15.
  • 2. Steele CB, Thomas CC, Henley SJ, Massetti GM, Galuska DA, Agurs Collins T, et al.Vital signs: trends in incidence of cancer associated with overweight and obesity. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2017, pp. 1052-1058.
  • 3. Mingrone G, Bornstein S, Le Roux CW. Optimisation of follow-up after metabolic surgery. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2018;6:487-499.
  • 4. Gastric bypass diet: what to eat after surgery. In: Mayo clinic. Available at: https://www.mayoclinic.org/testsprocedures/gastric-bypass-surgery/in-depth/gastricbypassdiet/art 20048472.Accessed January 10, 2022.
  • 5. Chang SH, Stoll CR, Song J, Varela JR, Eagon CJ, Colditz GA. The effectiveness and risks of bariatric surgery: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. 2003-2012 JAMA Surg. 2014, pp. 275-28.
  • 6. Balke H, Nocito A. A trip though the history of obesity. Praxis. 2013; pp. 77-83.
  • 7. Mason EE, Ito C. Gastric Bypass in Obesity. Surg.Clin North. Am. 1967;47:1345-1351.
  • 8. Rosenthal RJ, Szomstein S, Kennedy CI, Soto FC, Zundel N. Laparoscopic surgery for morbid obesity: 1001 consecutive bariatric operations performed at the bariatric institute, cleveland clinic florida. Obes. Surg. 2016(2), 119–124.Nguyen N, Champion JK., Ponce J, Quebbemann B, Patterson E, Pham B et al. A review of unmet needs in obesity management. Obes Surg. 2012, pp. 956-966.
  • 9. Jastreboff AM, Aronne LJ, Ahmad NN, Wharton S, Connery L, Alves B, Stefanski A. Tirzepatide once weekly for the treatment of obesity. New England Journal of Medicine. 2022; 387(3), 205-216.
  • 10. Elder KA, Wolfe BM. Bariatric surgery: a review of procedures and putcomes, Gastroenterology. 2007;132:2253–71.
  • 11. Jaunoo SS, Southall PJ. Bariatric surgery. Int J Surg. 2010; 8 (2), pp. 86-89.
  • 12. Gasteyger C, Suter M, Gaillard RC, Giusti V. Nutritional deficiencies after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity often can not be prevented by standard multivitamin supplementation. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;87:1128–33.
  • 13. Jeejeebhoy KN. Short bowel syndrome: a nutritional and medical approach. CMAJ. 2002;166:1297–302.
  • 14. Moshiri M, Osman S, Robinson TJ, Khandelwal S, Bhargava P, Rohrmann CA. Evolution of bariatric surgery: a historical perspective. Am J Roentgenol. 2013; 201 (1), pp. W40-W48.
  • 15. Buchwald H, Ikramuddin S, Dorman RB, Schone JL, Dixon JB. Management of the metabolic/bariatric surgery patient. Am J Med. 2011;124:1099–105.
  • 16. Legner L. Disciplined diet before and after weight loss. In: OSF healthcare. 2021. Available at: https://www.osfhealthcare.org/blog/bariatric-surgery-diet/. Accessed January 4, 2022.
  • 17. Food Intolerance After Gastric Band Surgery. In: Health encyclopedia - university of rochester medical center. Accessed January 26, 2022.
  • 18. MetroHealth’s bariatric plate for a healthy weight. In: The weight loss surgery and weight management center of methodist health. Available at: https://www. methodisthospital.org/documents/Bariatric-Plate.pdf. Accessed February 7, 2022.
  • 19. Paddon-Jones D., Westman E., Mattes R.D., Wolfe R.R., Astrup A., Westerterp-Plantenga M.: Protein, weight management, and satiety. Am J Clin Nutr 2008; 87: pp. 1558S1561S.
  • 20. Trumbo P., Schlicker S., Yates A.A., Poos M.: Dietary reference intakes for energy, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein and amino acids: Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine, the National Academies. J Am Diet Assoc 2002; 102: pp. 1621-1630).
  • 21. Krieger J.W., Sitren H.S., Daniels M.J., Langkamp-Henken B.: Effects of variation in protein and carbohydrate intake on body mass and composition during energy restriction: a metaregression. Am J Clin Nutr 2006; 83: pp. 260-274.
  • 22. Aills L., Blankenship J., Buffington C., Furtado M., Parrott J.: ASMBS Allied Health Nutritional Guidelines for the surgical weight loss patient. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2008; 4: pp. S73-S108.
  • 23. Mechanick JI, Youdim A, Jones DB, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the perioperative nutritional, metabolic, and nonsurgical support of the bariatric surgery patient--2013 update: cosponsored by American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, the Obesity Society, and American Society for Metabolic & bariatric surgery. Endocr Pract. 2013;19(2):337–72.
  • 24. Giusti V, Theytaz F, Di Vetta V, et al. Energy and macronutrient intake after gastric bypass for morbid obesity: a 3-y observational study focused on protein consumption. Am J Clin Nutr. 2016;103(1):18–24.
  • 25. Nicoletti CF, Oliveira BAP, Barbin R, et al. Red meat intolerance in patients submitted to gastric bypass: a 4-year follow-up study. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2015;11(4):842–6.
  • 26. Verger EO , Aron Wisnewsky J, Dao MC, Kayser BD, Oppert JM, Bouillot JL, Torcivia A, Clément K. Micronutrient and Protein Deficiencies After Gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastrectomy: a 1-year Follow-up. Obesity Surgery. 2016 Apr;26(4):785-96.
  • 27. Sahni S, Cupples LA, McLean RR, et al. Protective effect of high protein and calcium intake on the risk of hip fracture in the Framingham off spring cohort. J Bone Miner Res. 2010; 25 (12):2770-6.
  • 28. Perez Castrillon JL, Riancho JA, de Luis D, Gonzales Sagrado M, Domingo Andres M, Duenas Laita A. Expression of genes related to energy metabolism in bone cells of Goto-Kakizaki rats and response to bariatric surgery. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2014; 10 (2):299-303.
  • 29. Tamboli RA, Hossain HA, Marks PA, et al. Body composition and energy metabolism following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgey. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2010;18(9):1718 24.
  • 30. Schollenberger AE, Karschin J, Meile T, Küper MA, Königsrainer A, Bischoff SC. Impact of protein supplementation after bariatric surgery: A randomized controlled double-blind pilot study. Nutrition. 2016, 32(2):186-92.
  • 31. Westerterp Plantenga MS, Nieuwenhuizen A, Tom D, Soenen S, Westerterp KR. Dietary protein, weight loss, and weight maintenance. Annu Rev Nutr. 2009;29:21–41.
  • 32. Moize V, Andreu A, Rodrıguez L, Flores L, Ibarzabal A, Lacy A, et al. Protein intake and lean tissue mass retention following bariatric surgery. Clin Nutr. 2013;32:550–5.
  • 33. Raftopoulos I, Bernstein B, O'Hara K, Ruby JA, Chhatrala R, Carty J. Protein intake compliance of morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery and its effect on weight loss and biochemical parameters. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases. 2011; 7(6):73342.
  • 34. Nicoletti CF, Morandi Junqueira Franco MV, dos Santos JE, Marchini JS, Salgado W Jr, Nonino CB. Protein and amino acid status before and after bariatric surgery: A 12-month follow-up study. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases. 2013; 9(6):1008-12.
  • 35. Ito MK, Gonçalves VSS, Faria SLCM, Moizé V, Porporatti AL, Guerra ENS, De Luca Canto G, de Carvalho KMB. Effect of Protein Intake on the Protein Status and Lean Mass of PostBariatric Surgery Patients: a Systematic Review. Obesity Surgery. 2017; volume 27, pages502–512.
  • 36. Oppert JM, Bellicha A, Roda C, Bouillot JL, Torcivia A, Clement K, Poitou C, Ciangura C. Resistance training and protein supplementation increase strength afterbariatric surgery: a randomized controlled trial. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2018;26(11):1709-1720.
  • 37. Miller PE, Alexander DD, Perez V. Effects of whey protein and resistance exercise on body composition: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Am Coll Nutr. 2014;33:163-175.
  • 38. Steele T, Cuthbertson DJ, Wilding JP. Impact of bariatric surgery on physical functioning in obese adults. Obes Rev. 2015; 16 (3): 248-58.
  • 39. Buchwald H. The evolution of metabolic/bariatric surgery. Obes Surg. 2014 Aug;24(8):1126-35.
  • 40. Karamanakos SN, Vagenas K, Kalfarentzos F, Alexandrides TK. Weight loss, appetite suppression, and changes in fasting and postprandial ghrelin and peptide-YY levels after Roux-enY gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy: a prospective, double blind study. Ann Surg. 2008 Mar;247(3):401-7.
  • 41. Alexandrou A, Armeni E, Kouskouni E, Tsoka E, Diamantis T, Lambrinoudaki I. Cross-sectional long-term micronutrient deficiencies after sleeve gastrectomy versus Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: A pilot study. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2014;10:262–8.
  • 42. Friedrich AE, Damms-Machado A, Meile T, Scheuing N, Stingel K, Basrai M, et al. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy compared to a multidisciplinary weight loss programfor obesity–effects on body composition and protein status. Obes Surg. 2013;23:1957–65.
  • 43. Andreu A, Moize V, Rodriquez L, Flores L, Vidal J. Protein Intake, Body Composition and Protein Status Following Bariatric Surgery. Obesity Surgery. 2012; 20 (11):1509-15.
  • 44. Aasheim, E. T., Björkman, S., Søvik, T. T., Engström, M., Hanvold, S. E., Mala T,& Bøhmer, T. (2009). Vitamin status after bariatric surgery: a randomized study of gastric bypass and duodenal switch. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 90(1), 15-22.
  • 45. Mulla CM, Middelbeek RJW, Patti ME. Mechanisms of weight loss and improved metabolism following bariatric surgery. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2018 Jan;1411(1):53-64. doi: 10.1111/nyas.13409. Epub 2017 Sep 3. PMID: 28868615.
  • 46. Shankar, P., Boylan, M., & Sriram, K. (2010). Micronutrient deficiencies after bariatric surgery. Nutrition, 26(11-12), 1031-1037

Protein Purchase After Bariatric Surgery

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 67 - 76, 30.12.2023

Özlem Kurtuluş

Öz

Bariatric surgery is very important in the treatment of obesity, which is one of the health problems of our time. Special dietary recommendations should be followed to ensure that the target weight is reached. Bariatric surgery is very important in achieving ideal weight, reducing obesity comorbidities and improving quality of life in patients with morbid obesity.Dietary protein intake in this population tends to be insufficient, potentially leading to loss of lean body mass, decreased metabolic rate and physiological damage. With a protein-rich diet, the satiety rate of individuals increases and it may be possible to achieve an ideal body composition. The quality and composition of protein sources, especially the amount of leucine, which helps maintain November muscle mass, are especially important for this group of patients. Despite the advantages, bariatric surgery operations are considered risky due to energy, protein restrictions and lack of micronutrients.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bariatric surgery Dietary protein Lean body mass Obesity

Kaynakça

  • 1. Martin M, Beekley A, Kjorstad R, Sebesta J. Socioeconomic disparities in eligibility and access to bariatric surgery: a national population based analysis. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2010, pp. 8-15.
  • 2. Steele CB, Thomas CC, Henley SJ, Massetti GM, Galuska DA, Agurs Collins T, et al.Vital signs: trends in incidence of cancer associated with overweight and obesity. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2017, pp. 1052-1058.
  • 3. Mingrone G, Bornstein S, Le Roux CW. Optimisation of follow-up after metabolic surgery. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2018;6:487-499.
  • 4. Gastric bypass diet: what to eat after surgery. In: Mayo clinic. Available at: https://www.mayoclinic.org/testsprocedures/gastric-bypass-surgery/in-depth/gastricbypassdiet/art 20048472.Accessed January 10, 2022.
  • 5. Chang SH, Stoll CR, Song J, Varela JR, Eagon CJ, Colditz GA. The effectiveness and risks of bariatric surgery: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. 2003-2012 JAMA Surg. 2014, pp. 275-28.
  • 6. Balke H, Nocito A. A trip though the history of obesity. Praxis. 2013; pp. 77-83.
  • 7. Mason EE, Ito C. Gastric Bypass in Obesity. Surg.Clin North. Am. 1967;47:1345-1351.
  • 8. Rosenthal RJ, Szomstein S, Kennedy CI, Soto FC, Zundel N. Laparoscopic surgery for morbid obesity: 1001 consecutive bariatric operations performed at the bariatric institute, cleveland clinic florida. Obes. Surg. 2016(2), 119–124.Nguyen N, Champion JK., Ponce J, Quebbemann B, Patterson E, Pham B et al. A review of unmet needs in obesity management. Obes Surg. 2012, pp. 956-966.
  • 9. Jastreboff AM, Aronne LJ, Ahmad NN, Wharton S, Connery L, Alves B, Stefanski A. Tirzepatide once weekly for the treatment of obesity. New England Journal of Medicine. 2022; 387(3), 205-216.
  • 10. Elder KA, Wolfe BM. Bariatric surgery: a review of procedures and putcomes, Gastroenterology. 2007;132:2253–71.
  • 11. Jaunoo SS, Southall PJ. Bariatric surgery. Int J Surg. 2010; 8 (2), pp. 86-89.
  • 12. Gasteyger C, Suter M, Gaillard RC, Giusti V. Nutritional deficiencies after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity often can not be prevented by standard multivitamin supplementation. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;87:1128–33.
  • 13. Jeejeebhoy KN. Short bowel syndrome: a nutritional and medical approach. CMAJ. 2002;166:1297–302.
  • 14. Moshiri M, Osman S, Robinson TJ, Khandelwal S, Bhargava P, Rohrmann CA. Evolution of bariatric surgery: a historical perspective. Am J Roentgenol. 2013; 201 (1), pp. W40-W48.
  • 15. Buchwald H, Ikramuddin S, Dorman RB, Schone JL, Dixon JB. Management of the metabolic/bariatric surgery patient. Am J Med. 2011;124:1099–105.
  • 16. Legner L. Disciplined diet before and after weight loss. In: OSF healthcare. 2021. Available at: https://www.osfhealthcare.org/blog/bariatric-surgery-diet/. Accessed January 4, 2022.
  • 17. Food Intolerance After Gastric Band Surgery. In: Health encyclopedia - university of rochester medical center. Accessed January 26, 2022.
  • 18. MetroHealth’s bariatric plate for a healthy weight. In: The weight loss surgery and weight management center of methodist health. Available at: https://www. methodisthospital.org/documents/Bariatric-Plate.pdf. Accessed February 7, 2022.
  • 19. Paddon-Jones D., Westman E., Mattes R.D., Wolfe R.R., Astrup A., Westerterp-Plantenga M.: Protein, weight management, and satiety. Am J Clin Nutr 2008; 87: pp. 1558S1561S.
  • 20. Trumbo P., Schlicker S., Yates A.A., Poos M.: Dietary reference intakes for energy, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein and amino acids: Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine, the National Academies. J Am Diet Assoc 2002; 102: pp. 1621-1630).
  • 21. Krieger J.W., Sitren H.S., Daniels M.J., Langkamp-Henken B.: Effects of variation in protein and carbohydrate intake on body mass and composition during energy restriction: a metaregression. Am J Clin Nutr 2006; 83: pp. 260-274.
  • 22. Aills L., Blankenship J., Buffington C., Furtado M., Parrott J.: ASMBS Allied Health Nutritional Guidelines for the surgical weight loss patient. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2008; 4: pp. S73-S108.
  • 23. Mechanick JI, Youdim A, Jones DB, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the perioperative nutritional, metabolic, and nonsurgical support of the bariatric surgery patient--2013 update: cosponsored by American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, the Obesity Society, and American Society for Metabolic & bariatric surgery. Endocr Pract. 2013;19(2):337–72.
  • 24. Giusti V, Theytaz F, Di Vetta V, et al. Energy and macronutrient intake after gastric bypass for morbid obesity: a 3-y observational study focused on protein consumption. Am J Clin Nutr. 2016;103(1):18–24.
  • 25. Nicoletti CF, Oliveira BAP, Barbin R, et al. Red meat intolerance in patients submitted to gastric bypass: a 4-year follow-up study. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2015;11(4):842–6.
  • 26. Verger EO , Aron Wisnewsky J, Dao MC, Kayser BD, Oppert JM, Bouillot JL, Torcivia A, Clément K. Micronutrient and Protein Deficiencies After Gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastrectomy: a 1-year Follow-up. Obesity Surgery. 2016 Apr;26(4):785-96.
  • 27. Sahni S, Cupples LA, McLean RR, et al. Protective effect of high protein and calcium intake on the risk of hip fracture in the Framingham off spring cohort. J Bone Miner Res. 2010; 25 (12):2770-6.
  • 28. Perez Castrillon JL, Riancho JA, de Luis D, Gonzales Sagrado M, Domingo Andres M, Duenas Laita A. Expression of genes related to energy metabolism in bone cells of Goto-Kakizaki rats and response to bariatric surgery. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2014; 10 (2):299-303.
  • 29. Tamboli RA, Hossain HA, Marks PA, et al. Body composition and energy metabolism following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgey. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2010;18(9):1718 24.
  • 30. Schollenberger AE, Karschin J, Meile T, Küper MA, Königsrainer A, Bischoff SC. Impact of protein supplementation after bariatric surgery: A randomized controlled double-blind pilot study. Nutrition. 2016, 32(2):186-92.
  • 31. Westerterp Plantenga MS, Nieuwenhuizen A, Tom D, Soenen S, Westerterp KR. Dietary protein, weight loss, and weight maintenance. Annu Rev Nutr. 2009;29:21–41.
  • 32. Moize V, Andreu A, Rodrıguez L, Flores L, Ibarzabal A, Lacy A, et al. Protein intake and lean tissue mass retention following bariatric surgery. Clin Nutr. 2013;32:550–5.
  • 33. Raftopoulos I, Bernstein B, O'Hara K, Ruby JA, Chhatrala R, Carty J. Protein intake compliance of morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery and its effect on weight loss and biochemical parameters. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases. 2011; 7(6):73342.
  • 34. Nicoletti CF, Morandi Junqueira Franco MV, dos Santos JE, Marchini JS, Salgado W Jr, Nonino CB. Protein and amino acid status before and after bariatric surgery: A 12-month follow-up study. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases. 2013; 9(6):1008-12.
  • 35. Ito MK, Gonçalves VSS, Faria SLCM, Moizé V, Porporatti AL, Guerra ENS, De Luca Canto G, de Carvalho KMB. Effect of Protein Intake on the Protein Status and Lean Mass of PostBariatric Surgery Patients: a Systematic Review. Obesity Surgery. 2017; volume 27, pages502–512.
  • 36. Oppert JM, Bellicha A, Roda C, Bouillot JL, Torcivia A, Clement K, Poitou C, Ciangura C. Resistance training and protein supplementation increase strength afterbariatric surgery: a randomized controlled trial. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2018;26(11):1709-1720.
  • 37. Miller PE, Alexander DD, Perez V. Effects of whey protein and resistance exercise on body composition: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Am Coll Nutr. 2014;33:163-175.
  • 38. Steele T, Cuthbertson DJ, Wilding JP. Impact of bariatric surgery on physical functioning in obese adults. Obes Rev. 2015; 16 (3): 248-58.
  • 39. Buchwald H. The evolution of metabolic/bariatric surgery. Obes Surg. 2014 Aug;24(8):1126-35.
  • 40. Karamanakos SN, Vagenas K, Kalfarentzos F, Alexandrides TK. Weight loss, appetite suppression, and changes in fasting and postprandial ghrelin and peptide-YY levels after Roux-enY gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy: a prospective, double blind study. Ann Surg. 2008 Mar;247(3):401-7.
  • 41. Alexandrou A, Armeni E, Kouskouni E, Tsoka E, Diamantis T, Lambrinoudaki I. Cross-sectional long-term micronutrient deficiencies after sleeve gastrectomy versus Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: A pilot study. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2014;10:262–8.
  • 42. Friedrich AE, Damms-Machado A, Meile T, Scheuing N, Stingel K, Basrai M, et al. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy compared to a multidisciplinary weight loss programfor obesity–effects on body composition and protein status. Obes Surg. 2013;23:1957–65.
  • 43. Andreu A, Moize V, Rodriquez L, Flores L, Vidal J. Protein Intake, Body Composition and Protein Status Following Bariatric Surgery. Obesity Surgery. 2012; 20 (11):1509-15.
  • 44. Aasheim, E. T., Björkman, S., Søvik, T. T., Engström, M., Hanvold, S. E., Mala T,& Bøhmer, T. (2009). Vitamin status after bariatric surgery: a randomized study of gastric bypass and duodenal switch. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 90(1), 15-22.
  • 45. Mulla CM, Middelbeek RJW, Patti ME. Mechanisms of weight loss and improved metabolism following bariatric surgery. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2018 Jan;1411(1):53-64. doi: 10.1111/nyas.13409. Epub 2017 Sep 3. PMID: 28868615.
  • 46. Shankar, P., Boylan, M., & Sriram, K. (2010). Micronutrient deficiencies after bariatric surgery. Nutrition, 26(11-12), 1031-1037
Toplam 46 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Özlem Kurtuluş

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Aralık 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Kurtuluş, Ö. (2023). Bariyatrik Cerrahi Uygulamaları Sonrası Protein Alımı. Türkiye Sağlık Bilimleri Ve Araştırmaları Dergisi, 6(3), 67-76. https://doi.org/10.51536/tusbad.1263301
AMA Kurtuluş Ö. Bariyatrik Cerrahi Uygulamaları Sonrası Protein Alımı. Türkiye Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi. Aralık 2023;6(3):67-76. doi:10.51536/tusbad.1263301
Chicago Kurtuluş, Özlem. “Bariyatrik Cerrahi Uygulamaları Sonrası Protein Alımı”. Türkiye Sağlık Bilimleri Ve Araştırmaları Dergisi 6, sy. 3 (Aralık 2023): 67-76. https://doi.org/10.51536/tusbad.1263301.
EndNote Kurtuluş Ö (01 Aralık 2023) Bariyatrik Cerrahi Uygulamaları Sonrası Protein Alımı. Türkiye Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi 6 3 67–76.
IEEE Ö. Kurtuluş, “Bariyatrik Cerrahi Uygulamaları Sonrası Protein Alımı”, Türkiye Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi, c. 6, sy. 3, ss. 67–76, 2023, doi: 10.51536/tusbad.1263301.
ISNAD Kurtuluş, Özlem. “Bariyatrik Cerrahi Uygulamaları Sonrası Protein Alımı”. Türkiye Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi 6/3 (Aralık 2023), 67-76. https://doi.org/10.51536/tusbad.1263301.
JAMA Kurtuluş Ö. Bariyatrik Cerrahi Uygulamaları Sonrası Protein Alımı. Türkiye Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2023;6:67–76.
MLA Kurtuluş, Özlem. “Bariyatrik Cerrahi Uygulamaları Sonrası Protein Alımı”. Türkiye Sağlık Bilimleri Ve Araştırmaları Dergisi, c. 6, sy. 3, 2023, ss. 67-76, doi:10.51536/tusbad.1263301.
Vancouver Kurtuluş Ö. Bariyatrik Cerrahi Uygulamaları Sonrası Protein Alımı. Türkiye Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2023;6(3):67-76.
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