Öz
Dezavantajlı
koşullarda yaşayan gençlerin, spor etkinliklerinde yer almalarının yaşamlarına
yansımalarını anlama amacını taşıyan bu çalışma, nitel araştırma deseniyle
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda öncelikle on iki gönüllü genç kızdan oluşan
bir odak grup çalışması yapılmış, ardından bunların içinden yine gönüllü olan
yedi genç kız ile yarı yapılandırılmış derinlemesine görüşmeler
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Odak grup çalışmasından ve yarı yapılandırılmış
derinlemesine görüşmelerden elde edilen veriler, araştırmacıların kendileri
tarafından çözümlenmiştir. Bu analiz sonucunda ortaya çıkan ana temalar
gençlerin spor etkinliklerine ilişkin algıları, gençlerin bireysel gelişimleri
ve gençlerin aileleri, arkadaşları ve sosyal çevreleri ile ilişkileridir.
Araştırmada ortaya çıkan bu ana temalar, olumlu gençlik gelişimi yaklaşımında
yer alan yetkinlik, güven, karakter, bağ, önemseme ve şefkat gösterme
kavramları açısından ele alınmış ve araştırma, dezavantajlı koşullarda yaşayan
gençlerin yaşamlarında spor etkinliklerinin yerine ilişkin önerilerle
sonlandırılmıştır.
Yapılan
analiz sonucunda spor etkinliklerine katılan gençlerin çevrelerindeki
bireylerle kurdukları ilişkilerde bağlarının güçlendiği, ailelerinin ve
çevrelerinin olumlu tutum ve davranışlarının da özgüvenlerine katkıda bulunduğu
görülmüştür.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Spor etkinlikleri genç olumlu gençlik gelişimi dezavantajlı koşullar
Kaynakça
- Camiré, M., Trudel, P. ve Forneris, T. (2014). Examining how model youth sport coaches learn to facilitate positive youth development, Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 19(1), 1-17.
- Catalano, R. F., Berglund, M. L., Ryan, J. A. M., Lonczak, H. S. ve Hawkins, J. D. (2004). Positive youth development in the united states: Research findings on evaluations of positive youthdevelopment programs.The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 591, 98-124.
- Coakley, J. (2011). Youth sports: What counts as “positive development?” Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 35, 306-324.
- Coalter, F., Allison, M. ve Taylor, J. (2000). The role of sport in regenerating deprived areas, University of Edinburgh The Scottish Executive Central Research Unit.
- Damon, W. (2004). What is positive youth development? The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 591, 13-24.
- Dawes, N. P., Vest , A. ve Simpkins, J. S. (2014). Youth participation in organized and informal sports activities across childhood and adolescence: Exploring the relationships of motivational beliefs, developmental stage and gender, Journal of Youth Adolescence, 43, 1374-1388.
- Eccles, J. S. ve Gootman, J.A. (Eds.). (2002). Community programs to promote youth development. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
- Fraser-Thomas, J.L., Coˆte´, J. ve Deakin, J. (2005). Youth sport programs: An avenue to foster positive youth development. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy 10, 19-40.
- Fredricks, J.A. ve Eccles, J.S. (2006). Is extracurricular participation associated with beneficial outcomes? Concurrent and longitudinal relations. Developmental Psychology, 42, 698-713.
- Gençlik ve Spor Bakanlığı, Ulusal Gençlik ve Spor Politikası Belgesi, http://www.gsb.gov.tr/public/edit/files/Mevzuat/ulusal_genclik_ve_spor_politikasi.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 04.03.2016.
- Hansen, D. M., Larson, R. W., Dworkin, J. B. (2003). What adolescents learn in organized youth activities: A survey of self-reported developmental experiences. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 13,25-55.
- Holt, N.(2008). Positive youth development through sport. London: Routledge. http://sporla-basla.org/hakkimizda/proje-hakkinda/, Erişim Tarihi: 03.06.2015.
- Inoue, Y., Wegner, C. E., Jordan, J. S. ve Funk, D. C. (2015). Relationships Between Self-Determined Motivation and Developmental Outcomes in Sport-Based Positive Youth Development, Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 27 (4), 1-13.
- Iwasakı, Y., Springett, J., Dashora, P.,Mclaughlin, A. M. ve Mchugh, T. L., (2014). Youth-Guided Youth Engagement: Participatory Action Research (PAR) With High-Risk, Marginalized Youth, Child and Youth Services, 35, 316-342.
- Kroenke, C. (2008). Socioeconomic status and health: Youth development and neomaterialist and psychosocial mechanisms. Social Science & Medicine, 66, 31-42.
- Lerner, R.M., Lerner, J.V., Almerigi, J., Theokas, C., Phelps, E., Gestsdo´ttir, S. ve Eye, A. (2005). Positive youth development, participation in community youth development programs, and community contributions of fifth grade adolescents: Findings from the first wave of the 4-H Study of Positive Youth Development. Journal of Early Adolescence, 25, 17-71.
- Lopez, A.,Yoder, J.R.,Brisson, D., Lechuga-Pena, S., ve Jenson, J.M., (2015). Development and Validation of a Positive Youth Development Measure: The Bridge-Positive Youth Development,Research on Social Work Practice, 25(6), 726-736.
- Reid, I., Tremblay, M., Pelletier, R. ve McKay, S. (1994). Impact and benefits of physical activity and recreation on Canadian youth-at-risk. Joint Initiative of the Inter-Provincial Sport and Recreation Council, the Fitness Directorate of Health Canada, and the Canadian Parks and Recreation Association.
- Roth, J. ve Brooks-Gunn, J. (2003). What exactly ıs a youth development program? Answers from research and practice. Applied Developmental Science, 7(2), 94-111.
- Silbereisen, R. K. ve Lerner, R. M. (2007).Approaches to Positive Development. London: SAGE.
- Schmid, K. L., Phelps, E., Kiely, M. K., Napolitano, C. N., Boyd, M. C. ve Lerner, R. M. (2011). The role of adolescents’ hopeful futures in predicting positive and negative developmental trajectories: Findings from the 4-H Study of Positive Youth Development, The Journal of Positive Psychology: Dedicated to furthering research and promoting good practice, 6 (1), 45-56.
- Turnnidge, J., Côté, J. ve Hancock, D.J. (2014). Positive youth development from sport to life: Explicit or ımplicit transfer?, Quest, 66 (2), 203-217.
- McDonough, M. H., Ullrich-French, S. ve Smith, A. L. (2013). Social connection and psychological outcomes in a physical activity-based youth development setting. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 83, 431-441.
- UNDP Türkiye Ofisi, Ulusal İnsani Kalkınma Raporu 2008-Türkiye’de Gençlik.
- UNICEF Türkiye Ofisi, Türkiye’de Çocukların Durumu Raporu2011.
- Ward, S. ve Parker, M. (2013). The voice of youth: Atmosphere in positive youth development program, Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 18 (59), 534-548.
- Weiss, M. R. (2008). Field of dreams: Sport as a context for youth development. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 79, 434-449.
- Witt, P.A. ve Crompton, J. L. (2003). Positive youth development practices in recreation settings in the United States, World Leisure Journal, 45 (2), 4-11.
- Zarrett, N., Lerner, R. M., Carrano, J., Fay, K., Peltz, J. S. ve Li, Y. (2008). Variations in adolescent engagement in sports and its influence on positive youth development, (Ed. NL. Holt) , Positive youth development through sport. 9-23. New York: Routledge.
Reflections of Participation in Sports Activities on Youth in terms of Positive Youth Development Approach
Öz
Based on qualitative
research method, the aim of this study is to understand reflections of young, disadvantaged
people’s participation in sports activities on their lives. Primarily, a focus
group study consisting of a group of twelve voluntary girls is done. Then, a
semi-structured in depth meetings are carried out with seven voluntary girls
selected from the first twelve girl group. Data obtained from the focus group
study and semi-structured in depth meetings are analyzed by researchers by
themselves. The main themes coming from this analysis were perception about
young people’s sports activities, individual developments of youth, and their
relationships with their families, friends and social environments. These main
themes were discussed from the perpective concepts of competence, confidence,
character, connection, caring and compassion in positive youth development
approach and the study is concluded with some proposals related with the place
of sports events on the lives of disadvantaged people.
According to the analysis,
young people participating in sports activities became stronger connection in
relationships with their environment and positively attitudes and behaviours of
their families caused positive development for their self-esteem.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Sports activities youths positive youth development disadvantageous circumstances
Kaynakça
- Camiré, M., Trudel, P. ve Forneris, T. (2014). Examining how model youth sport coaches learn to facilitate positive youth development, Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 19(1), 1-17.
- Catalano, R. F., Berglund, M. L., Ryan, J. A. M., Lonczak, H. S. ve Hawkins, J. D. (2004). Positive youth development in the united states: Research findings on evaluations of positive youthdevelopment programs.The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 591, 98-124.
- Coakley, J. (2011). Youth sports: What counts as “positive development?” Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 35, 306-324.
- Coalter, F., Allison, M. ve Taylor, J. (2000). The role of sport in regenerating deprived areas, University of Edinburgh The Scottish Executive Central Research Unit.
- Damon, W. (2004). What is positive youth development? The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 591, 13-24.
- Dawes, N. P., Vest , A. ve Simpkins, J. S. (2014). Youth participation in organized and informal sports activities across childhood and adolescence: Exploring the relationships of motivational beliefs, developmental stage and gender, Journal of Youth Adolescence, 43, 1374-1388.
- Eccles, J. S. ve Gootman, J.A. (Eds.). (2002). Community programs to promote youth development. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
- Fraser-Thomas, J.L., Coˆte´, J. ve Deakin, J. (2005). Youth sport programs: An avenue to foster positive youth development. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy 10, 19-40.
- Fredricks, J.A. ve Eccles, J.S. (2006). Is extracurricular participation associated with beneficial outcomes? Concurrent and longitudinal relations. Developmental Psychology, 42, 698-713.
- Gençlik ve Spor Bakanlığı, Ulusal Gençlik ve Spor Politikası Belgesi, http://www.gsb.gov.tr/public/edit/files/Mevzuat/ulusal_genclik_ve_spor_politikasi.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 04.03.2016.
- Hansen, D. M., Larson, R. W., Dworkin, J. B. (2003). What adolescents learn in organized youth activities: A survey of self-reported developmental experiences. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 13,25-55.
- Holt, N.(2008). Positive youth development through sport. London: Routledge. http://sporla-basla.org/hakkimizda/proje-hakkinda/, Erişim Tarihi: 03.06.2015.
- Inoue, Y., Wegner, C. E., Jordan, J. S. ve Funk, D. C. (2015). Relationships Between Self-Determined Motivation and Developmental Outcomes in Sport-Based Positive Youth Development, Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 27 (4), 1-13.
- Iwasakı, Y., Springett, J., Dashora, P.,Mclaughlin, A. M. ve Mchugh, T. L., (2014). Youth-Guided Youth Engagement: Participatory Action Research (PAR) With High-Risk, Marginalized Youth, Child and Youth Services, 35, 316-342.
- Kroenke, C. (2008). Socioeconomic status and health: Youth development and neomaterialist and psychosocial mechanisms. Social Science & Medicine, 66, 31-42.
- Lerner, R.M., Lerner, J.V., Almerigi, J., Theokas, C., Phelps, E., Gestsdo´ttir, S. ve Eye, A. (2005). Positive youth development, participation in community youth development programs, and community contributions of fifth grade adolescents: Findings from the first wave of the 4-H Study of Positive Youth Development. Journal of Early Adolescence, 25, 17-71.
- Lopez, A.,Yoder, J.R.,Brisson, D., Lechuga-Pena, S., ve Jenson, J.M., (2015). Development and Validation of a Positive Youth Development Measure: The Bridge-Positive Youth Development,Research on Social Work Practice, 25(6), 726-736.
- Reid, I., Tremblay, M., Pelletier, R. ve McKay, S. (1994). Impact and benefits of physical activity and recreation on Canadian youth-at-risk. Joint Initiative of the Inter-Provincial Sport and Recreation Council, the Fitness Directorate of Health Canada, and the Canadian Parks and Recreation Association.
- Roth, J. ve Brooks-Gunn, J. (2003). What exactly ıs a youth development program? Answers from research and practice. Applied Developmental Science, 7(2), 94-111.
- Silbereisen, R. K. ve Lerner, R. M. (2007).Approaches to Positive Development. London: SAGE.
- Schmid, K. L., Phelps, E., Kiely, M. K., Napolitano, C. N., Boyd, M. C. ve Lerner, R. M. (2011). The role of adolescents’ hopeful futures in predicting positive and negative developmental trajectories: Findings from the 4-H Study of Positive Youth Development, The Journal of Positive Psychology: Dedicated to furthering research and promoting good practice, 6 (1), 45-56.
- Turnnidge, J., Côté, J. ve Hancock, D.J. (2014). Positive youth development from sport to life: Explicit or ımplicit transfer?, Quest, 66 (2), 203-217.
- McDonough, M. H., Ullrich-French, S. ve Smith, A. L. (2013). Social connection and psychological outcomes in a physical activity-based youth development setting. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 83, 431-441.
- UNDP Türkiye Ofisi, Ulusal İnsani Kalkınma Raporu 2008-Türkiye’de Gençlik.
- UNICEF Türkiye Ofisi, Türkiye’de Çocukların Durumu Raporu2011.
- Ward, S. ve Parker, M. (2013). The voice of youth: Atmosphere in positive youth development program, Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 18 (59), 534-548.
- Weiss, M. R. (2008). Field of dreams: Sport as a context for youth development. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 79, 434-449.
- Witt, P.A. ve Crompton, J. L. (2003). Positive youth development practices in recreation settings in the United States, World Leisure Journal, 45 (2), 4-11.
- Zarrett, N., Lerner, R. M., Carrano, J., Fay, K., Peltz, J. S. ve Li, Y. (2008). Variations in adolescent engagement in sports and its influence on positive youth development, (Ed. NL. Holt) , Positive youth development through sport. 9-23. New York: Routledge.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Sosyoloji (Diğer) |
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 3 Haziran 2016 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 16 Kasım 2015 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2016 Cilt: 27 Sayı: 1 |