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Dogs Therapy for Children with Motor Disabilities

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 41, 3099 - 3116, 01.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.937387

Öz

Dog therapy is the application of specially trained dogs to achieve general well-being or treatment in different categories of disabilities. Like other animals used for therapeutic purposes, dogs accept, offer comfort, do not condemn and are a great companion during treatment and therapy. Dog therapy builds on the prior existing connection between humans and animals. Engaging with a friendly dog can enable improvements in many physical and mental difficulties. It can help decrease blood pressure and improve the cardiovascular health in general. It can release endorphins, too which ensue a calming effect. This can help ease pain, decrease stress, and enhance child’s psychological state in general. Dog therapy can be used in various ways. Determined objectives are significant part of the therapy, and the progress should be registered with follow up during the structured sessions. The aims of the dog therapy programs involve: enriching motor skills and synchronized movement, reinforcing assisted or autonomous movement, increasing self-esteem, enriching verbal communication, improving the social skills development, increasing the desire to join in activities, enriching interactions with others, stimulating the determination to exercise. This research is a qualitative study that aimed to investigate the effect of dog therapy on students with motor disabilities. The realization of the research took place within three months. The research was conducted in children with motor disabilities, between the ages of 7 and 8 by a special educator and experienced trainer at the Special Center for dog therapy in Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia. The research was organized as a case study format. Researches indicate that the presence of a dog during the therapies leads to improvement in children mood, enrichment in their will to actively participate during the treatments, expression of emotions easily, improvement in communication and psychomotor development and achievement of a range of physiological benefits.

Kaynakça

  • Alliance of Therapy Dogs. (2018, July 11) A History of Animal-Assisted Therapy, retrieved January 10, 2021, from https://www.therapydogs.com/animal-therapy/.
  • American Veterinary Medical Association. (2019) Animal-assisted interventions: Definitions, retrieved February 12, 2021, from https://www.avma.org/resources-tools/avma-policies/animal-assisted-interventions-definitions.
  • Ajdinski, G., Kitkanj, Z. and Ajdinski, Lj. (2007). Osnovi na defektologijata. Basis of Special Education and Rehabilitation. Kumanovo, Macedonia: Makedonska Riznica.
  • Arifi, V. and Rashikj-Canevska O (2020). Efektot od terapıjata so kucinja vrz decata so poprecenost. The Effect od the dog therapy on the children with disabilities. Master thesis. Institute of Special Education and Rehabilitation. Skopje, Macedonia.
  • Becic, S. (2019). Top 10 benefits of therapy and service dogs. Health fitness revolution, retrieved January 15, 2021, from https://www.healthfitnessrevolution.com/top-10-benefits-therapy-service-dogs/.
  • Baun, M.M. and McCabe, B.W. (2000) The role animals play in enhancing quality of life for the elderly. London, UK: Academic press.
  • Clonowski, J. (2015) Therapy dogs - The Different types and their benefits. Feinberg consulting, Retrieved November 1, 2019, from https://feinbergconsulting.com/therapydogs-the-different-types-and-their-benefits/. Cockerham, W. C. (2016). Sociology of mental disorder. New York, USA: Routledge.
  • Çolak, E., Özkan, B., Genç, S. and Polat, B. (2021). Ultrasonographic determination of thyroid volume in infants and children from Aegean region of Turkey and comparison with national and international references. Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, 34(4), 457-464. https://doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2020-0514.
  • Elmaci, D. T. and Cevizci, S. (2015) Dog-assisted therapies and activities in rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy and physical and mental disabilities. NCBI, retrieved March 6, 2021, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4454953/#B12-ijerph-12-05046.
  • Fine, A. (2000) Animal assisted therapy – Theoretical foundations and Guidelines for practices. London, UK: Academic press.
  • Harrison, P. L., and Oakland, T. (2000). Adaptive behavior assessment system. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.
  • Howell-Forbes, E. and Marxen, K. (2014) Animal-assisted therapy: A dog’s influence on occupational therapy outcomes of a child with cerebral palsy (Master’s Thesis). University of Puget Sound, Takoma, USA. Retrieved from: https://soundideas.pugetsound.edu/ms_occ_therapy/97/.
  • Henderson, J. M. (2012). Motor impairment. International Neuromodulation Society, retrieved January 15, 2021, from https://www.neuromodulation.com/motor-impairment.
  • Krigger, K. W. (2006). Cerebral palsy: an overview. American family physician, 73(1), 91-100. https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0101/afp20060101p91.pdf.
  • Kruger, K. A. and Serpell, J. A. (2010). Animal-assisted interventions in mental health; Definitions and theoretical foundations: Handbook on animal-assisted therapy. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-381453-1.10003-0.
  • Kruger, K. A. and Serpell, J. A. (2006) Animal assisted interventions in mental health. In Handbook on Animal-Assisted Therapy: Theoretical Foundations. London, UK: Academic Press.
  • La France, C., Garcia, L., and Labreche, J. (2007) The effect of a therapy dog on the communication skills of an adult with aphasia. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16950329/.
  • Levinson, B. and Mallon, G. (1997) Pet-oriented child psychotherapy. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.
  • Lundqvist, M., Carlsson, P., Sjödahl, R., Theodorsson, E., and Levin, L. Å. (2017). Patient benefit of dog-assisted interventions in health care: A systematic review. BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 17(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-017-1844-7.
  • Marcoux, H. (2019). 10 Types of Service Dogs and What They Do. Dogster, retrieved February 15, 2021, from https://www.dogster.com/lifestyle/10-types-of-service-dogs-and-what-they-do.
  • Маyyo, C. S. (2019). Cerebral palsy - Diagnosis and tratment. Mayo Clinic, retrieved March 17, 2021, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cerebral-palsy/symptoms-causes/syc-20353999.
  • PAWS. (2005). Benefits of pet therapy. PAWS for people, retrieved December 23, 2020, from https://www.pawsforpeople.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/benefits-of-pet-therapy.pdf.
  • Palisano, R., Rosenbaum, P., Barlett, D., and Livingsto, M. (2007). Gross Motor Function Classification System . CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, retrieved March 17, 2021 from https://www.canchild.ca/system/tenon/assets/attachments/000/000/058/original/GMFCSER_English.pdf.
  • Pavone, V., and Testa, G. (2015). Classification of cerebral Palsy. In F. Canavese and J.Deslandes (Eds.), Orthopedic Management of Children with Cerebral Palsy. A Comprehensive Approach (p.75-98). New York, USA: Nova.
  • Pillow-Price, K., Yonts, N., and Stinson, L. (2014) Sit, Stay, Read: Improving Literacy Skills Using Dogs. Dimensions of Early Childhood, 42 (1), 5-9. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1044105.pdf.
  • Rosenthal, H. (2020). Human Services Dictionary: Master Reference for the NCE, CPCE, and the HS-BCPE Exams. New York, USA: Routledge.
  • Sanger, T. D. (2015). Movement disorders in cerebral palsy. Journal of Pediatric Neurology, 13(04), 198-207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1558866.
  • Staff, E. (2018). Understanding the Benefits of Animal-Assisted Therapies. American Addiction Centers, retrieved January 15, 2021, from https://americanaddictioncenters.org/therapy-treatment/animal-assisted.
  • Shroff, G., Gupta, A., and Barthakur, J. K. (2014). Therapeutic potential of human embryonic stem cell transplantation in patients with cerebral palsy. Journal of Translational Medicine, 12(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-014-0318-7.
  • Tingle, M., and Nelsin, N. (2005). Motor impaired child. England, UK: Taylor and Francis e-Library.
  • Tepfer, A., Ross, S., MacDonald, M., Udell, M. A., Ruaux, C., and Baltzer, W. (2017). Family dog-assisted adapted physical activity: A case study. Animals, 7(5), 35. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani7050035.

Ortopedik Yetersizliği Olan Çocuklar için Köpek ile Terapisi

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 41, 3099 - 3116, 01.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.937387

Öz

Köpek terapisi, farklı yetersizlik kategorilerinde genel durumun iyiliğini veya tedavisini sağlamak için özel olarak eğitilmiş köpekler ile uygulanmasıdır. Tedavi amaçlı kullanılan diğer hayvanlar gibi köpekler de tedavi ve terapi sırasında uygulamayı kabul eder, rahatlık sunar, kınamaz ve harika bir arkadaştır. Köpek terapisi, insanlar ve hayvanlar arasında önceden var olan bağa dayanır. Arkadaş canlısı bir köpekle ilişki kurmak, birçok fiziksel ve zihinsel zorlukta iyileşme sağlayabilir. Kan basıncını düşürmeye ve genel olarak kardiyovasküler sağlığı iyileştirmeye yardımcı olabilir. Sakinleştirici bir etki yaratan endorfinleri de serbest bırakabilir. Bu, ağrıyı hafifletmeye, stresi azaltmaya ve genel olarak bir çocuğun psikolojik durumunu iyileştirmeye yardımcı olabilir. Köpek terapisi çeşitli şekillerde kullanılabilir. Hedeflerin belirlenmesi terapinin önemli bir parçasıdır ve ilerleme yapılandırılmış seanslar sırasında takip ile kaydedilmelidir. Köpek terapi programlarının amaçları şunlardır: motor becerileri ve senkronize hareketi zenginleştirmek, yardımlı veya otonom hareketi güçlendirmek, öz saygıyı artırmak, sözlü iletişimi zenginleştirmek, sosyal beceri gelişimini geliştirmek, faaliyetlere katılma arzusunu artırmak, başkalarıyla etkileşimi zenginleştirmek, egzersiz yapma kararlılığını teşvik etmek. Bu araştırma, köpek terapisinin ortopedik yetersizliği olan öğrenciler üzerindeki etkisini araştırmayı amaçlayan nitel bir çalışmadır. Araştırma üç ay içinde gerçekleşmiştir. Araştırma, Kuzey Makedonya Üsküp Özel Köpek Terapi Merkezi'nde özel bir eğitimci ve deneyimli eğitmen tarafından 7-8 yaş arası ortopedik yetersizliği olan çocuklarla gerçekleştirildi. Araştırma, vaka analizi formatında düzenlenmiştir. Araştırmalar, terapiler sırasında bir köpeğin varlığının, çocukların ruh hallerinde iyileşmeye, tedavilere aktif olarak katılma iradelerinde zenginleşmeye, duyguların kolayca ifade edilmesine, iletişimde ve psikomotor gelişimde iyileşmeye ve bir dizi fizyolojik faydaya ulaşılmasına yol açtığını göstermektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Alliance of Therapy Dogs. (2018, July 11) A History of Animal-Assisted Therapy, retrieved January 10, 2021, from https://www.therapydogs.com/animal-therapy/.
  • American Veterinary Medical Association. (2019) Animal-assisted interventions: Definitions, retrieved February 12, 2021, from https://www.avma.org/resources-tools/avma-policies/animal-assisted-interventions-definitions.
  • Ajdinski, G., Kitkanj, Z. and Ajdinski, Lj. (2007). Osnovi na defektologijata. Basis of Special Education and Rehabilitation. Kumanovo, Macedonia: Makedonska Riznica.
  • Arifi, V. and Rashikj-Canevska O (2020). Efektot od terapıjata so kucinja vrz decata so poprecenost. The Effect od the dog therapy on the children with disabilities. Master thesis. Institute of Special Education and Rehabilitation. Skopje, Macedonia.
  • Becic, S. (2019). Top 10 benefits of therapy and service dogs. Health fitness revolution, retrieved January 15, 2021, from https://www.healthfitnessrevolution.com/top-10-benefits-therapy-service-dogs/.
  • Baun, M.M. and McCabe, B.W. (2000) The role animals play in enhancing quality of life for the elderly. London, UK: Academic press.
  • Clonowski, J. (2015) Therapy dogs - The Different types and their benefits. Feinberg consulting, Retrieved November 1, 2019, from https://feinbergconsulting.com/therapydogs-the-different-types-and-their-benefits/. Cockerham, W. C. (2016). Sociology of mental disorder. New York, USA: Routledge.
  • Çolak, E., Özkan, B., Genç, S. and Polat, B. (2021). Ultrasonographic determination of thyroid volume in infants and children from Aegean region of Turkey and comparison with national and international references. Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, 34(4), 457-464. https://doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2020-0514.
  • Elmaci, D. T. and Cevizci, S. (2015) Dog-assisted therapies and activities in rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy and physical and mental disabilities. NCBI, retrieved March 6, 2021, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4454953/#B12-ijerph-12-05046.
  • Fine, A. (2000) Animal assisted therapy – Theoretical foundations and Guidelines for practices. London, UK: Academic press.
  • Harrison, P. L., and Oakland, T. (2000). Adaptive behavior assessment system. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.
  • Howell-Forbes, E. and Marxen, K. (2014) Animal-assisted therapy: A dog’s influence on occupational therapy outcomes of a child with cerebral palsy (Master’s Thesis). University of Puget Sound, Takoma, USA. Retrieved from: https://soundideas.pugetsound.edu/ms_occ_therapy/97/.
  • Henderson, J. M. (2012). Motor impairment. International Neuromodulation Society, retrieved January 15, 2021, from https://www.neuromodulation.com/motor-impairment.
  • Krigger, K. W. (2006). Cerebral palsy: an overview. American family physician, 73(1), 91-100. https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0101/afp20060101p91.pdf.
  • Kruger, K. A. and Serpell, J. A. (2010). Animal-assisted interventions in mental health; Definitions and theoretical foundations: Handbook on animal-assisted therapy. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-381453-1.10003-0.
  • Kruger, K. A. and Serpell, J. A. (2006) Animal assisted interventions in mental health. In Handbook on Animal-Assisted Therapy: Theoretical Foundations. London, UK: Academic Press.
  • La France, C., Garcia, L., and Labreche, J. (2007) The effect of a therapy dog on the communication skills of an adult with aphasia. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16950329/.
  • Levinson, B. and Mallon, G. (1997) Pet-oriented child psychotherapy. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.
  • Lundqvist, M., Carlsson, P., Sjödahl, R., Theodorsson, E., and Levin, L. Å. (2017). Patient benefit of dog-assisted interventions in health care: A systematic review. BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 17(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-017-1844-7.
  • Marcoux, H. (2019). 10 Types of Service Dogs and What They Do. Dogster, retrieved February 15, 2021, from https://www.dogster.com/lifestyle/10-types-of-service-dogs-and-what-they-do.
  • Маyyo, C. S. (2019). Cerebral palsy - Diagnosis and tratment. Mayo Clinic, retrieved March 17, 2021, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cerebral-palsy/symptoms-causes/syc-20353999.
  • PAWS. (2005). Benefits of pet therapy. PAWS for people, retrieved December 23, 2020, from https://www.pawsforpeople.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/benefits-of-pet-therapy.pdf.
  • Palisano, R., Rosenbaum, P., Barlett, D., and Livingsto, M. (2007). Gross Motor Function Classification System . CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, retrieved March 17, 2021 from https://www.canchild.ca/system/tenon/assets/attachments/000/000/058/original/GMFCSER_English.pdf.
  • Pavone, V., and Testa, G. (2015). Classification of cerebral Palsy. In F. Canavese and J.Deslandes (Eds.), Orthopedic Management of Children with Cerebral Palsy. A Comprehensive Approach (p.75-98). New York, USA: Nova.
  • Pillow-Price, K., Yonts, N., and Stinson, L. (2014) Sit, Stay, Read: Improving Literacy Skills Using Dogs. Dimensions of Early Childhood, 42 (1), 5-9. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1044105.pdf.
  • Rosenthal, H. (2020). Human Services Dictionary: Master Reference for the NCE, CPCE, and the HS-BCPE Exams. New York, USA: Routledge.
  • Sanger, T. D. (2015). Movement disorders in cerebral palsy. Journal of Pediatric Neurology, 13(04), 198-207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1558866.
  • Staff, E. (2018). Understanding the Benefits of Animal-Assisted Therapies. American Addiction Centers, retrieved January 15, 2021, from https://americanaddictioncenters.org/therapy-treatment/animal-assisted.
  • Shroff, G., Gupta, A., and Barthakur, J. K. (2014). Therapeutic potential of human embryonic stem cell transplantation in patients with cerebral palsy. Journal of Translational Medicine, 12(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-014-0318-7.
  • Tingle, M., and Nelsin, N. (2005). Motor impaired child. England, UK: Taylor and Francis e-Library.
  • Tepfer, A., Ross, S., MacDonald, M., Udell, M. A., Ruaux, C., and Baltzer, W. (2017). Family dog-assisted adapted physical activity: A case study. Animals, 7(5), 35. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani7050035.
Toplam 31 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Alan Eğitimleri
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Olivera Rashıkj Canevska Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-2385-5450

Nergis Ramo Akgün 0000-0002-0982-5733

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Eylül 2021
Kabul Tarihi 2 Temmuz 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 18 Sayı: 41

Kaynak Göster

APA Rashıkj Canevska, O., & Ramo Akgün, N. (2021). Dogs Therapy for Children with Motor Disabilities. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 18(41), 3099-3116. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.937387