Öz
Kaynakça
- 1. Meriç B, T, Çağırankaya, S, Wetlands of Turkey. Orman ve Su İşleri Bakanlığı, Doğa Koruma ve Milli Parklar Genel Müdürlüğü Hassas Alanlar Daire Başkanlığı, Sulak Alanlar Şube Müdürlüğü. Kayhan Ajans Turizm İnş. San. Tic. Ltd. Şti.Ankara, 2013.
- 2. Bilgin C, Akçakaya H, R. Biological Wealth of Turkey, Publications of Environmental Problems Foundation, 1987, 183-202.
- 3. Erdem O. Bird Sanctuary Of Turkey, General Directorate of Environmental Protection Natural Life Protection Department Wetlands Directorate, Green Series, 1995, 5..
- 4. Adızel Ö, Birds of Van Karasu (Mermit) Delta. (Master’s Thesis, unpublished). Yüzüncü Yıl University, Institute Of Sci., Van. 1993, 178.
- 5. Adızel Ö. The Studies About the Ornitofauna of Van Lake Basin., (doctoral thesis, unpublished). Yüzüncü Yıl University, Institute Of Sci , Van. 1998: 244.
- 6. Adızel Ö, Durmuş A. Investigation of Wetland Destruction in the Case of Dönemeç (Engil) Delta As Scoping Van, Yüzüncü Yıl University , J. Of Sci., 2009: V.No: 14, Series: 1. Van.
- 7. Adızel Ö, Durmuş A, Kizioğlu İ. Preliminary Study On Newly Detected Yaylıyaka Marshes In The Lake Van Basin, Turkey. The J of Animal and Plant Sci. 2010: 20(4): Page; 286-292
- 8. Mägi E, Kastepõld T, Lotman A. Ornithological Monitoring and Wetland Management in Matsalu, Bird Census News, 2004: 13 :139-144.
- 9. Mironga J, M. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing in The Management of Shallow Tropical Lakes, Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 2004: 2(1): 83–103.
- 10. Onmuş O. Using the Geographical Information Systems for Monitoring and Management of Important Bird Areas, The Fact Study of the Important Bird Area in Gediz Delta, 4. Geographic Information Systems Information Days, 2006: 13-16 September İstanbul.
- 11. Açıkgöz G, Determination of Coastal Change in Yumurtalık Wetland System By Using Remote Sensing Data and Geographic Information Systems, (Master's Thesis), Çukurova University, Ins. Of Sci. 2010: 79
- 12. Onmuş O, Sıkı M. Shorebirds in the Gediz Delta (İzmir-Turkey) beeding and winteing abundences, disturbution and seasonal accurresnces. Turk J. Zool. 2011: 35(5) 615-629.
- 13. Stralberg D, Cameron D, R, Reynolds M, D, Hickey C, M, Klausmeyer K, Busby S, M, Stenzel L, E, Shuford W, D, Page G, W. Identifying Habitat Conservation Priorities and Gaps for Migratory Shorebirds and Waterfowl in California, Biodivers Conserv. 2010:DOI 10.1007/s10531-010-9943-5.
- 14. Çelik E, The Ornitologic Potential of Dönemeç (Engil) Delta and Determination of Common Usage Areas by using Geographical Information Systems (GIS). (Master’s Thesis), Yüzüncü Yıl University, Institute Of Sci., Van, 2013.
- 15. Svensson L, Mullarney K, Zatterström D. Collins Bird Guide, HarperCollins Publishers Ltd. Fulham Palace Road, London, 2009: 77-85.
- 16. Heinzel H, Fitter R, Parslow ., Türkiye ve Avrupa Kuşları (Birds of Turkey and Europe), Pocket Guide to Birds of Britain & Europe with North Africa & the Middle East. HarperCollins Publishers Ltd. Rotolito Lombarda, İtalya, 1995.
- 17. Kiziroğlu İ. Türkiye Kuşları Cep Kitabı, Sarıyıldız Matbaası, Ankara. 2015,
- 18. Hill D, Hockin D, Price D, Tucker G, Morris R, Treweek J, Bird disturbance: improving the quality and utility of disturbance research, J of Applied Ecology 1997, 34, 275-288.
- 19. Gill J, A, Sutherland W, J. The role of behavioural decision making in predicting the consequences of human disturbance. In: Gosling, L.M. & Sutherland, W.J. (Eds.), Behaviour and Conservation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000.
- 20. Gill J, A, Norris K, Sutherland W, J. Why behavioural responses may not reflect the population consequences of human disturbance. Elsevier, Bio. Conservation, 2001: 97 265±268
- 21. Adızel Ö, Durmuş A. A new record of a bird species for Van Lake Basin: Whooper swan (Cygnus cygnus). II. İnternational Eurasian Ornithology Congress. 2007: 26-29 October. Antalya.
- 22. Bibby C, J, Burgess N,D. Bird Census Techniques. Academic Pres Limited, NW1 7DX, London. 1992: 257.
A study on the distribution and population status of the Whooper Swan (Cygnus cygnus l. 1758) in the Van lake basin
Öz
Objective: In this
study, it is aimed to determine the migratory status, population volume,
stop over sites, threats and daily relocation activity in the Van Lake Basin.
Material
and Methods: This study grounds on the observation
data of 2015 about Whooper Swan that spends the winter in the Van
Lake Basin. The observations were conducted by Point Counts method in the 6 areas
which the species are intensively seen. The data was analyzed with the help of IDW
(Inverse Distance Weighting) interpolation and point density methods in the Arcmap
10.2 program.
Results: It was
seen that The Whooper Swan came into the Van Lake Basin mostly at the last week
of November and left at the last week of March. It is a Winter visitor species that
spends about 4 months in the area. However it was seen in many points of the area,
it is seen that it lodges in mostly 6 points. During the study, at the beginning
of the winter totally 240 individuals were detected as follows; 71 individuals at
Arin Lake – the maximum, 63 ones in Yaylıyaka reeds, 52 ones in Göründü reeds, 23
ones in Çelebibağ Reeds, 17 ones in Dönemeç Delta, and 14 ones in Bendimanhi Delta.
At the end of the winter, the maximum number of individuals in the whole basin was
recorded as 172.
Conclusion: At the beginning
of the winter 2015, totally 240 individuals were counted in the basin. But it was
seen that the number decreased to 172 towards the spring migration. Then there showed
up a conclusion that totally 68 individuals (28.34%) in the basin had been perished
because of various causes and could not have a chance to return to their breeding
sites. It was realized that there happened a population reduction in the basin when
compared with the bypast studies related to the species. It was presented that hunters,
foxes and dogs were the most important role perishing the species. It was detected
that the species spends the night along the shore line considered as safe and feed
at shallow spaces along the shore. The performed study confirmed once more the Whooper
Swan overwinters in the Van Lake Basin. Furthermore the study revealed the species
should be protected by scientific data.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Whooper Swan Cygnus cygnus Arcmap 10.2 Van Lake Basin Arin Lake
Kaynakça
- 1. Meriç B, T, Çağırankaya, S, Wetlands of Turkey. Orman ve Su İşleri Bakanlığı, Doğa Koruma ve Milli Parklar Genel Müdürlüğü Hassas Alanlar Daire Başkanlığı, Sulak Alanlar Şube Müdürlüğü. Kayhan Ajans Turizm İnş. San. Tic. Ltd. Şti.Ankara, 2013.
- 2. Bilgin C, Akçakaya H, R. Biological Wealth of Turkey, Publications of Environmental Problems Foundation, 1987, 183-202.
- 3. Erdem O. Bird Sanctuary Of Turkey, General Directorate of Environmental Protection Natural Life Protection Department Wetlands Directorate, Green Series, 1995, 5..
- 4. Adızel Ö, Birds of Van Karasu (Mermit) Delta. (Master’s Thesis, unpublished). Yüzüncü Yıl University, Institute Of Sci., Van. 1993, 178.
- 5. Adızel Ö. The Studies About the Ornitofauna of Van Lake Basin., (doctoral thesis, unpublished). Yüzüncü Yıl University, Institute Of Sci , Van. 1998: 244.
- 6. Adızel Ö, Durmuş A. Investigation of Wetland Destruction in the Case of Dönemeç (Engil) Delta As Scoping Van, Yüzüncü Yıl University , J. Of Sci., 2009: V.No: 14, Series: 1. Van.
- 7. Adızel Ö, Durmuş A, Kizioğlu İ. Preliminary Study On Newly Detected Yaylıyaka Marshes In The Lake Van Basin, Turkey. The J of Animal and Plant Sci. 2010: 20(4): Page; 286-292
- 8. Mägi E, Kastepõld T, Lotman A. Ornithological Monitoring and Wetland Management in Matsalu, Bird Census News, 2004: 13 :139-144.
- 9. Mironga J, M. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing in The Management of Shallow Tropical Lakes, Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 2004: 2(1): 83–103.
- 10. Onmuş O. Using the Geographical Information Systems for Monitoring and Management of Important Bird Areas, The Fact Study of the Important Bird Area in Gediz Delta, 4. Geographic Information Systems Information Days, 2006: 13-16 September İstanbul.
- 11. Açıkgöz G, Determination of Coastal Change in Yumurtalık Wetland System By Using Remote Sensing Data and Geographic Information Systems, (Master's Thesis), Çukurova University, Ins. Of Sci. 2010: 79
- 12. Onmuş O, Sıkı M. Shorebirds in the Gediz Delta (İzmir-Turkey) beeding and winteing abundences, disturbution and seasonal accurresnces. Turk J. Zool. 2011: 35(5) 615-629.
- 13. Stralberg D, Cameron D, R, Reynolds M, D, Hickey C, M, Klausmeyer K, Busby S, M, Stenzel L, E, Shuford W, D, Page G, W. Identifying Habitat Conservation Priorities and Gaps for Migratory Shorebirds and Waterfowl in California, Biodivers Conserv. 2010:DOI 10.1007/s10531-010-9943-5.
- 14. Çelik E, The Ornitologic Potential of Dönemeç (Engil) Delta and Determination of Common Usage Areas by using Geographical Information Systems (GIS). (Master’s Thesis), Yüzüncü Yıl University, Institute Of Sci., Van, 2013.
- 15. Svensson L, Mullarney K, Zatterström D. Collins Bird Guide, HarperCollins Publishers Ltd. Fulham Palace Road, London, 2009: 77-85.
- 16. Heinzel H, Fitter R, Parslow ., Türkiye ve Avrupa Kuşları (Birds of Turkey and Europe), Pocket Guide to Birds of Britain & Europe with North Africa & the Middle East. HarperCollins Publishers Ltd. Rotolito Lombarda, İtalya, 1995.
- 17. Kiziroğlu İ. Türkiye Kuşları Cep Kitabı, Sarıyıldız Matbaası, Ankara. 2015,
- 18. Hill D, Hockin D, Price D, Tucker G, Morris R, Treweek J, Bird disturbance: improving the quality and utility of disturbance research, J of Applied Ecology 1997, 34, 275-288.
- 19. Gill J, A, Sutherland W, J. The role of behavioural decision making in predicting the consequences of human disturbance. In: Gosling, L.M. & Sutherland, W.J. (Eds.), Behaviour and Conservation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000.
- 20. Gill J, A, Norris K, Sutherland W, J. Why behavioural responses may not reflect the population consequences of human disturbance. Elsevier, Bio. Conservation, 2001: 97 265±268
- 21. Adızel Ö, Durmuş A. A new record of a bird species for Van Lake Basin: Whooper swan (Cygnus cygnus). II. İnternational Eurasian Ornithology Congress. 2007: 26-29 October. Antalya.
- 22. Bibby C, J, Burgess N,D. Bird Census Techniques. Academic Pres Limited, NW1 7DX, London. 1992: 257.
Ayrıntılar
| Bölüm | Original Articles |
|---|---|
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Haziran 2017 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2017 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2 |
