Araştırma Makalesi
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Yıl 2023, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 4, 652 - 664, 04.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.18621/eurj.1073285

Öz

Kaynakça

  • 1. Child Mortality - UNICEF DATA. https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-survival/under-five-mortality/ (accessed Feb. 05, 2022).
  • 2. Deaths per 1 000 live births. https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/deaths-per-1-000-live-births (accessed Apr. 03, 2022).
  • 3. United Nations Millennium Development Goals. https://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/childhealth.shtml (accessed Apr. 04, 2022).
  • 4. You D, Hug L, Ejdemyr S, Idele P, Hogan D, Mathers C, et al. Global, regional, and national levels and trends in under-5 mortality between 1990 and 2015, with scenario-based projections to 2030: a systematic analysis by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation. Lancet 2015;386:2275-86.
  • 5. Global Strategy, Every Woman Every Child, Jun. 24, 2016. https://www.everywomaneverychild.org/global-strategy/ (accessed Apr. 20, 2022).
  • 6. Sustainable Development. https://sdgs.un.org/ (accessed Apr. 05, 2022).
  • 7. Sharrow D, Hug L, You D, Alkema L, Black R, Cousens S, et al. Global, regional, and national trends in under-5 mortality between 1990 and 2019 with scenario-based projections until 2030: a systematic analysis by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation. Lancet Glob Health 2022;10:e195-206.
  • 8. Baldacci S, Gorini F, Santoro M, Pierini A, Minichilli F, Bianchi F. Environmental and individual exposure and the risk of congenital anomalies: a review of recent epidemiological evidence. Epidemiol Prev 2018;42(3-4 Suppl 1):1-34.
  • 9. Kase J, Visintainer P. The relationship between congenital malformations and preterm birth. J Perinat Med 2007;35:538-42.
  • 10. CDC, Sepsis is a medical emergency. ACT FAST., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Aug. 17, 2021. https://www.cdc.gov/sepsis/what-is-sepsis.html (accessed Apr. 03, 2022).
  • 11. Murthy S, Godinho MA, Guddattu V, Lewis LES, Nair NS. Risk factors of neonatal sepsis in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2019;14:e0215683.
  • 12. Shi T, McAllister DA, O’Brien KL, Simoes EAF, Madhi SA, Gessner BD, et al. Global, regional, and national disease burden estimates of acute lower respiratory infections due to respiratory syncytial virus in young children in 2015: a systematic review and modelling study. Lancet 2017;390:946-58.
  • 13. Bhat RY, Manjunath N. Correlates of acute lower respiratory tract infections in children under 5 years of age in India. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2013;17:418-22.
  • 14. Hooven TA, Polin RA. Pneumonia. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2017;22:206-13.
  • 15. Collins KA, Popek E. Birth injury: birth asphyxia and birth trauma. Acad Forensic Pathol 2018;8:788-864.
  • 16. Diarrhoeal disease. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diarrhoeal-disease (accessed Apr. 03, 2022).
  • 17. Injuries and violence. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/injuries-and-violence (accessed Apr. 03, 2022).
  • 18. Fact sheet about malaria. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malaria (accessed Apr. 03, 2022).
  • 19. Measles. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/measles (accessed Apr. 03, 2022).
  • 20. Meningitis. https://www.who.int/westernpacific/health-topics/meningitis (accessed Apr. 03, 2022).
  • 21. Communicable Disease. https://acphd.org/communicable-disease/ (accessed Apr. 03, 2022).
  • 22. Non communicable diseases. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/noncommunicable-diseases (accessed Apr. 03, 2022).
  • 23. Preterm birth/WHO. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/preterm-birth (accessed Feb. 06, 2022).
  • 24. Tetanus. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tetanus (accessed Apr. 03, 2022).
  • 25. 2022 World Population by Country. https://worldpopulationreview.com/ (accessed Apr. 03, 2022).
  • 26. Dadonaite B, Ritchie H, Roser M. Diarrheal diseases, Our World Data, Nov. 2018, Accessed: Apr. 03, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://ourworldindata.org/diarrheal-diseases
  • 27. Kambrath S, Deshmukh M. The burden of infectious diseases in India - An overview. Int J Curr Res Life Sci 2018;7:2237-40.
  • 28. Lakshminarayanan S, Jayalakshmy R. Diarrheal diseases among children in India: current scenario and future perspectives. J Nat Sci Biol Med 2015;6:24-8.
  • 29. C. I. of H. Research, Preterm Birth Research Initiative, May 12, 2017. https://www.canada.ca/en/institutes-health-research/news/2017/05/preterm_birth_researchinitiative.html (accessed Apr. 03, 2022).
  • 30. Reed JC. HIV/AIDS Key Indicator Report, Mozambique IMASIDA 2015. 2017.
  • 31. C. S. C. H. B. D. last updated: February 26 and 2021, Preventing Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV, HIV.gov, Feb. 26, 2021. https://www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/hiv-prevention/reducing-mother-to-child-risk/preventing-mother-to-child-transmission-of-hiv (accessed Apr. 03, 2022).
  • 32. Malaria, Mali Case Study (Healthcare), Special Unit for South-South Cooperation, UNDP.
  • 33. Watkins K. A fair chance for every child. New York, NY: UNICEF, 2016.
  • 34. Banda W, Mazaba-Liwewe M, Mulenga D, Siziya S. Risk factors associated with acute respiratory infections among under-five children admitted to Arthur’s Children Hospital, Ndola, Zambia. Asian Pac J Health Sci 2016;3:153-9.
  • 35. Seidu AA, Dickson KS, Ahinkorah BO, Amu H, Darteh EKM, Kumi-Kyereme A. Prevalence and determinants of acute lower respiratory infections among children under-five years in sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from demographic and health surveys. SSM Popul Health 2019;8:100443.
  • 36. Vanassi BM, Parma GC, Magalhaes VS, dos Santos ACC, Iser BPM. Congenital anomalies in Santa Catarina: case distribution and trends in 2010-2018. Rev Paul Pediatr 2022;40: e2020331.
  • 37. For the Million Death Study Collaborators, Causes of neonatal and child mortality in India: a nationally representative mortality survey. Lancet 2010;376:1853-60.
  • 38. Alonso S, Chaccour CJ, Elobolobo E, Nacima A, Canrinho B, Saifodine A, et al. The economic burden of malaria on households and the health system in a high transmission district of Mozambique. Malar J 2019;18:360.
  • 39. Monroe A, Olapeju B, Moore S, Hunter G, Merritt AP, Okumu F, et al. Improving malaria control by understanding human behaviour. Bull World Health Organ 2021;99:837-9.
  • 40. Ferrão JL, Mendes JM, Painho M, João SZ. Spatio-temporal variation and socio-demographic characters of malaria in Chimoio municipality, Mozambique. Malar J 2016;15:329.
  • 41. Weinhold B. Environmental factors in birth defects: what we need to know. Environ Health Perspect 2009;117:A440-7.

Analysis of under-five mortality by diseases in countries with different levels of development: a comparative analysis

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 4, 652 - 664, 04.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.18621/eurj.1073285

Öz

Objectives: The right to health is critical for children because they are sensitive beings who are more susceptible to disease and health problems. It would be beneficial to compare child mortality rates in countries with different levels of development and to conduct studies to address them by taking into account their causes. This study aims to analyze the situation of developed, developing and least developed countries in terms of causes under-5 child mortality (U5CM) determined by World Health Organization and to identify the similarities or differences of under-five mortality.


Methods:
Child mortality rates per 1,000 live births between 2000 and 2017 years in between different age groups (0-27 days and 1-59 months) by causes (disease-specific) were obtained from World Health Organization for a total 15 countries including developed, developing and least developed countries. Regression analysis was performed to identify which causes have more impact on child mortality. In addition, the relationship between diseases was calculated using Euclidean distance, and diseases were clustered using k-means clustering algorithm for each country.


Results:
As a result of mathematical and statistical analysis, it was seen that causes of child mortality have a significant relation with the development level of country where a child was born.

Conclusions: It has been observed that the causes of child mortality in countries with different levels of development vary depending on different factors such as geographical conditions, air quality population and access to medicine.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Child Mortality - UNICEF DATA. https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-survival/under-five-mortality/ (accessed Feb. 05, 2022).
  • 2. Deaths per 1 000 live births. https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/deaths-per-1-000-live-births (accessed Apr. 03, 2022).
  • 3. United Nations Millennium Development Goals. https://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/childhealth.shtml (accessed Apr. 04, 2022).
  • 4. You D, Hug L, Ejdemyr S, Idele P, Hogan D, Mathers C, et al. Global, regional, and national levels and trends in under-5 mortality between 1990 and 2015, with scenario-based projections to 2030: a systematic analysis by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation. Lancet 2015;386:2275-86.
  • 5. Global Strategy, Every Woman Every Child, Jun. 24, 2016. https://www.everywomaneverychild.org/global-strategy/ (accessed Apr. 20, 2022).
  • 6. Sustainable Development. https://sdgs.un.org/ (accessed Apr. 05, 2022).
  • 7. Sharrow D, Hug L, You D, Alkema L, Black R, Cousens S, et al. Global, regional, and national trends in under-5 mortality between 1990 and 2019 with scenario-based projections until 2030: a systematic analysis by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation. Lancet Glob Health 2022;10:e195-206.
  • 8. Baldacci S, Gorini F, Santoro M, Pierini A, Minichilli F, Bianchi F. Environmental and individual exposure and the risk of congenital anomalies: a review of recent epidemiological evidence. Epidemiol Prev 2018;42(3-4 Suppl 1):1-34.
  • 9. Kase J, Visintainer P. The relationship between congenital malformations and preterm birth. J Perinat Med 2007;35:538-42.
  • 10. CDC, Sepsis is a medical emergency. ACT FAST., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Aug. 17, 2021. https://www.cdc.gov/sepsis/what-is-sepsis.html (accessed Apr. 03, 2022).
  • 11. Murthy S, Godinho MA, Guddattu V, Lewis LES, Nair NS. Risk factors of neonatal sepsis in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2019;14:e0215683.
  • 12. Shi T, McAllister DA, O’Brien KL, Simoes EAF, Madhi SA, Gessner BD, et al. Global, regional, and national disease burden estimates of acute lower respiratory infections due to respiratory syncytial virus in young children in 2015: a systematic review and modelling study. Lancet 2017;390:946-58.
  • 13. Bhat RY, Manjunath N. Correlates of acute lower respiratory tract infections in children under 5 years of age in India. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2013;17:418-22.
  • 14. Hooven TA, Polin RA. Pneumonia. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2017;22:206-13.
  • 15. Collins KA, Popek E. Birth injury: birth asphyxia and birth trauma. Acad Forensic Pathol 2018;8:788-864.
  • 16. Diarrhoeal disease. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diarrhoeal-disease (accessed Apr. 03, 2022).
  • 17. Injuries and violence. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/injuries-and-violence (accessed Apr. 03, 2022).
  • 18. Fact sheet about malaria. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malaria (accessed Apr. 03, 2022).
  • 19. Measles. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/measles (accessed Apr. 03, 2022).
  • 20. Meningitis. https://www.who.int/westernpacific/health-topics/meningitis (accessed Apr. 03, 2022).
  • 21. Communicable Disease. https://acphd.org/communicable-disease/ (accessed Apr. 03, 2022).
  • 22. Non communicable diseases. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/noncommunicable-diseases (accessed Apr. 03, 2022).
  • 23. Preterm birth/WHO. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/preterm-birth (accessed Feb. 06, 2022).
  • 24. Tetanus. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tetanus (accessed Apr. 03, 2022).
  • 25. 2022 World Population by Country. https://worldpopulationreview.com/ (accessed Apr. 03, 2022).
  • 26. Dadonaite B, Ritchie H, Roser M. Diarrheal diseases, Our World Data, Nov. 2018, Accessed: Apr. 03, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://ourworldindata.org/diarrheal-diseases
  • 27. Kambrath S, Deshmukh M. The burden of infectious diseases in India - An overview. Int J Curr Res Life Sci 2018;7:2237-40.
  • 28. Lakshminarayanan S, Jayalakshmy R. Diarrheal diseases among children in India: current scenario and future perspectives. J Nat Sci Biol Med 2015;6:24-8.
  • 29. C. I. of H. Research, Preterm Birth Research Initiative, May 12, 2017. https://www.canada.ca/en/institutes-health-research/news/2017/05/preterm_birth_researchinitiative.html (accessed Apr. 03, 2022).
  • 30. Reed JC. HIV/AIDS Key Indicator Report, Mozambique IMASIDA 2015. 2017.
  • 31. C. S. C. H. B. D. last updated: February 26 and 2021, Preventing Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV, HIV.gov, Feb. 26, 2021. https://www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/hiv-prevention/reducing-mother-to-child-risk/preventing-mother-to-child-transmission-of-hiv (accessed Apr. 03, 2022).
  • 32. Malaria, Mali Case Study (Healthcare), Special Unit for South-South Cooperation, UNDP.
  • 33. Watkins K. A fair chance for every child. New York, NY: UNICEF, 2016.
  • 34. Banda W, Mazaba-Liwewe M, Mulenga D, Siziya S. Risk factors associated with acute respiratory infections among under-five children admitted to Arthur’s Children Hospital, Ndola, Zambia. Asian Pac J Health Sci 2016;3:153-9.
  • 35. Seidu AA, Dickson KS, Ahinkorah BO, Amu H, Darteh EKM, Kumi-Kyereme A. Prevalence and determinants of acute lower respiratory infections among children under-five years in sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from demographic and health surveys. SSM Popul Health 2019;8:100443.
  • 36. Vanassi BM, Parma GC, Magalhaes VS, dos Santos ACC, Iser BPM. Congenital anomalies in Santa Catarina: case distribution and trends in 2010-2018. Rev Paul Pediatr 2022;40: e2020331.
  • 37. For the Million Death Study Collaborators, Causes of neonatal and child mortality in India: a nationally representative mortality survey. Lancet 2010;376:1853-60.
  • 38. Alonso S, Chaccour CJ, Elobolobo E, Nacima A, Canrinho B, Saifodine A, et al. The economic burden of malaria on households and the health system in a high transmission district of Mozambique. Malar J 2019;18:360.
  • 39. Monroe A, Olapeju B, Moore S, Hunter G, Merritt AP, Okumu F, et al. Improving malaria control by understanding human behaviour. Bull World Health Organ 2021;99:837-9.
  • 40. Ferrão JL, Mendes JM, Painho M, João SZ. Spatio-temporal variation and socio-demographic characters of malaria in Chimoio municipality, Mozambique. Malar J 2016;15:329.
  • 41. Weinhold B. Environmental factors in birth defects: what we need to know. Environ Health Perspect 2009;117:A440-7.
Toplam 41 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Klinik Tıp Bilimleri, Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Original Article
Yazarlar

Muhammed Sütçü 0000-0002-8523-9103

Pınar Güner 0000-0001-5979-0375

Nur Şebnem Ersöz 0000-0003-3343-9936

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 1 Haziran 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 4 Temmuz 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 14 Şubat 2022
Kabul Tarihi 28 Nisan 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

AMA Sütçü M, Güner P, Ersöz NŞ. Analysis of under-five mortality by diseases in countries with different levels of development: a comparative analysis. Eur Res J. Temmuz 2023;9(4):652-664. doi:10.18621/eurj.1073285

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