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Investigation of Speed, Agility, Endurance and Strength Performances of Young Football Players: Evaluation of H/Q and D/ND Ratios

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1, 228 - 241, 30.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.33459/cbubesbd.1226879

Öz

This study aims to examine the effect of 8-week football training on speed, agility, endurance, and strength performance in young football players and to determine Flexor/Extensor Hamstring/Quadriceps peak torque (H/Q) and Dominant/Non-dominant (D/ND) leg strengths via looking at lower extremity strength levels for to determine the risk of injury with deviation rates. In line with this, 24 professional male football players (age; 18.41±1.20 years, body weight; 74.61±4.32 kg, height; 179.62±8.14 cm, body mass index; 23.36±4.10 kg/m2) in the U19 team were included in the study. For detecting the effects of football training, the Yo-Yo test (aerobic endurance), 10 m and 30 m sprint tests (speed), agility test, repetitive maximal forces of leg extension, right leg extension, left leg extension, leg curl, leg press, triceps pushdown, barbell curl and chest press movements were measured. In the study carried out with the pre-post test experimental design, the measurements were taken before and eight weeks after the training program. In addition, the football players' Flexor/Extensor (H/Q) and Dominant/Nondominant (D/ND) leg strength ratios were calculated before and after the training. "Paired-Samples t Tests" was applied to determine the level of difference between pre-post test variables. With the data obtained, it was determined that there were significant differences (p<0.05) in the parameters of endurance (Yo-Yo), 30m (speed), agility, and 1-rep maximal strength performance after training compared to pre-training. It has been determined that football training can reduce the risk of injury as the H/Q and D/ND leg strength ratios approach the optimal level before and after the training applied to the football players. As a result, it can be said that regular football training increases the aerobic endurance, maximal strength, and speed components of performance and reduces the risk of injury.

Kaynakça

  • Aagaard, P., Simonsen, E., Trolle, M., Bangsbo, J., & Klausen, K. (1995). Isokinetic hamstring/quadriceps strength ratio: Influence from joint angular velocity, gravity correction and contraction mode. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, 154(4), 421-427. https://doi.org /10.1111/j.1748-1716.1995.tb09927.x
  • Alves, J. M. V. M., Rebelo, A. N., Abrantes, C., & Sampaio, J. (2010). Short-term effects of complex and contrast training in soccer players' vertical jump, sprint, and agility abilities. The Journal of Strength Conditioning Research, 24(4), 936-941. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181c7c5fd
  • Aughey, R., & Varley, M. (2013). Acceleration profiles in elite Australian soccer. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 34(03), 282-282. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1316315
  • Bangsbo, J., Iaia, F. M., & Krustrup, P. (2008). The Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test. Sports Medicine, 38(1), 37-51. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200838010-00004
  • Bangsbo, J., Mohr, M., & Krustrup, P. (2006). Physical and metabolic demands of training and match-play in the elite football player. Journal of Sports Sciences, 24(07), 665-674. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410500482529
  • Bennell, K., Wajswelner, H., Lew, P., Schall-Riaucour, A., Leslie, S., Plant, D., & Cirone, J. (1998). Isokinetic strength testing does not predict hamstring injury in Australian Rules footballers. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 32(4), 309-314. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.32.4.309
  • Boccia, G., Brustio, P. R., Buttacchio, G., Calabrese, M., Bruzzone, M., Casale, R., & Rainoldi, A. (2018). Interlimb asymmetries identified using the rate of torque development in ballistic contraction targeting submaximal torques. Frontiers in Physiology, 9, 1701. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.01701
  • Borresen, J., & Lambert, M. I. (2009). The quantification of training load, the training response and the effect on performance. Sports Medicine, 39(9), 779-795. https://doi.org/10.2165/11317780-000000000-00000
  • Brzycki, M. (1993). Strength testing-predicting a one-rep max from reps-to-fatigue. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation Dance, 64(1), 88-90. https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.1993.10606684
  • Buzdağlı, Y., Günay, M., Şıktar, E., Murat, O., Yılmaz, U., & Savaş, A. (2022). Futbolculara uygulanan aralıklı ve süreki egzersizin fiziksel ve bilişsel performansa etkisi. The Online Journal of Recreation Sports, 11(4), 22-35. https://doi.org/10.22282/ojrs.2022.106
  • Carling, C., Orhant, E., & LeGall, F. (2010). Match injuries in professional soccer: Inter-seasonal variation and effects of competition type, match congestion and positional role. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 31(04), 271-276. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1243646
  • Castagna, C., Impellizzeri, F., Cecchini, E., Rampinini, E., & Alvarez, J. C. B. (2009). Effects of intermittent-endurance fitness on match performance in young male soccer players. The Journal of Strength Conditioning Research, 23(7), 1954-1959. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181b7f743
  • Clemente, F. M., Couceiro, M. S., Martins, F. M. L., Ivanova, M. O., & Mendes, R. (2013). Activity profiles of soccer players during the 2010 world cup. Journal of Human Kinetics, 38, 201. https://doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2013-0060
  • Coppalle, S., Rave, G., Ben Abderrahman, A., Ali, A., Salhi, I., Zouita, S., Zouita, A., Brughelli, M., Granacher, U., & Zouhal, H. (2019). Relationship of pre-season training load with in-season biochemical markers, injuries and performance in professional soccer players. Frontiers in Physiology, 409. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.00409
  • Croisier, J.-L., Ganteaume, S., Binet, J., Genty, M., & Ferret, J.-M. (2008). Strength imbalances and prevention of hamstring injury in professional soccer players: a prospective study. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 36(8), 1469-1475. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546508316764
  • Da Silva, J. F., Dittrich, N., & Guglielmo, L. G. A. (2011). Avaliação aeróbia no futebol. The Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria e Desempenho Humano, 13(5), 384-391. https://doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2011v13n5p384
  • Ekstrand, J., Hägglund, M., & Waldén, M. (2011). Epidemiology of muscle injuries in professional football (soccer). The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 39(6), 1226-1232. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546510395879
  • Fousekis, K., Tsepis, E., & Vagenas, G. (2010). Lower limb strength in professional soccer players: profile, asymmetry, and training age. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 9(3), 364. Erişim adresi: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3761700/
  • Gabbett, T. J., Nassis, G. P., Oetter, E., Pretorius, J., Johnston, N., Medina, D., Rodas, G., Myslinski, T., Howells, D., & Beard, A. (2017). The athlete monitoring cycle: a practical guide to interpreting and applying training monitoring data. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 51(20), 1451-1452. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-097298
  • García-Pinillos, F., Martínez-Amat, A., Hita-Contreras, F., Martínez-López, E. J., & Latorre-Román, P. A. (2014). Effects of a contrast training program without external load on vertical jump, kicking speed, sprint, and agility of young soccer players. The Journal of Strength Conditioning Research, 28(9), 2452-2460. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000452
  • Goto, K., Ishii, N., Mizuno, A., & Takamatsu, K. (2007). Enhancement of fat metabolism by repeated bouts of moderate endurance exercise. Journal of Applied Physiology, 102(6), 2158-2164. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01302.2006
  • Haugen, T. A., Tønnessen, E., Hisdal, J., & Seiler, S. (2014). The role and development of sprinting speed in soccer. International Journal of Sports Physiology Performance, 9(3), 432-441. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2013-0121
  • Helgerud, J., Engen, L. C., Wisloff, U., & Hoff, J. (2001). Aerobic endurance training improves soccer performance. Medicine Science in Sports Exercise, 33(11), 1925-1931. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200111000-00019
  • Hopkins, W., Marshall, S., Batterham, A., & Hanin, J. (2009). Progressive statistics for studies in sports medicine and exercise science. Medicine Science in Sports Exercise, 41(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e31818cb278
  • Impellizzeri, F. M., Marcora, S., Castagna, C., Reilly, T., Sassi, A., Iaia, F., & Rampinini, E. (2006). Physiological and performance effects of generic versus specific aerobic training in soccer players. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 27(06), 483-492. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2005-865839
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Genç Futbolcuların Hız, Çeviklik, Dayanıklılık ve Kuvvet Performanslarının İncelenmesi: H/Q ve D/ND Oranlarının Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1, 228 - 241, 30.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.33459/cbubesbd.1226879

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 8 haftalık futbol antrenmanının genç futbolcularda hız, çeviklik, dayanıklılık ve kuvvet performansına olan etkisini incelemek ve alt ekstremite kuvvet düzeylerine bakılarak Fleksör/Extensör Hamstring/Kuadriseps tepe tork (H/Q) ve Dominant/Non dominant (D/ND) bacak kuvvetlerini sapma oranlarıyla sakatlık riskini tespit etmektir. Bu doğrultuda U19 takımında yer alan yirmi dört profesyonel erkek futbolcu (yaş;18.41±1.20 yıl, vücut ağırlığı; 74.61±4.32 kg, boy; 179.62±8.14 cm, beden kütle indeksi; 23.36±4.10 kg/m2) çalışmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Futbol antrenmanın etkilerini belirlemede Yo-Yo testi (aerobik dayanıklılık), 10 m ve 30 m sprint testleri (hız), çeviklik testi, leg extension, sağ leg extension, sol leg extension, leg curl, leg press, triceps pushdown, barbell curl ve chest press hareketlerinin tekrarlı maksimal kuvvetleri ölçülmüştür. Ön ve son-test deneysel dizaynı ile yürütülen çalışmada ölçümler, antrenman programı öncesi ve 8 hafta sonrasında alınmıştır. Ek olarak futbolcuların antrenmanın öncesi ve sonrasında Fleksör/Extensör (H/Q) ve Dominant/Nondominant (D/ND) bacak kuvvet oranları hesaplanmıştır. Ön ve son-test değişkenleri arasındaki farklılık düzeyinin belirlenmesinde "Paired-Samples t Tests" uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerle antrenman sonrasında, antrenman öncesine kıyasla dayanıklılık (Yo-Yo), 30m (hız), çeviklik ve 1 tekrarlı maksimal kuvvet performansı parametrelerinde anlamlı farklılıklar olduğu (p<0.05) belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, futbolculara uygulanan antrenmanın öncesi ve sonrasında H/Q ve D/ND bacak kuvvet oranlarını optimal düzeye yaklaştığından futbol antrenmanının sakatlık riskini azaltılabileceği tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak düzenli olarak uygulanan futbol antrenmanlarının performansın aerobik dayanıklılık, maksimal kuvvet, hız bileşenlerini artırdığı ve sakatlanma riskini azalttığı söylenebilir.

Kaynakça

  • Aagaard, P., Simonsen, E., Trolle, M., Bangsbo, J., & Klausen, K. (1995). Isokinetic hamstring/quadriceps strength ratio: Influence from joint angular velocity, gravity correction and contraction mode. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, 154(4), 421-427. https://doi.org /10.1111/j.1748-1716.1995.tb09927.x
  • Alves, J. M. V. M., Rebelo, A. N., Abrantes, C., & Sampaio, J. (2010). Short-term effects of complex and contrast training in soccer players' vertical jump, sprint, and agility abilities. The Journal of Strength Conditioning Research, 24(4), 936-941. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181c7c5fd
  • Aughey, R., & Varley, M. (2013). Acceleration profiles in elite Australian soccer. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 34(03), 282-282. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1316315
  • Bangsbo, J., Iaia, F. M., & Krustrup, P. (2008). The Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test. Sports Medicine, 38(1), 37-51. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200838010-00004
  • Bangsbo, J., Mohr, M., & Krustrup, P. (2006). Physical and metabolic demands of training and match-play in the elite football player. Journal of Sports Sciences, 24(07), 665-674. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410500482529
  • Bennell, K., Wajswelner, H., Lew, P., Schall-Riaucour, A., Leslie, S., Plant, D., & Cirone, J. (1998). Isokinetic strength testing does not predict hamstring injury in Australian Rules footballers. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 32(4), 309-314. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.32.4.309
  • Boccia, G., Brustio, P. R., Buttacchio, G., Calabrese, M., Bruzzone, M., Casale, R., & Rainoldi, A. (2018). Interlimb asymmetries identified using the rate of torque development in ballistic contraction targeting submaximal torques. Frontiers in Physiology, 9, 1701. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.01701
  • Borresen, J., & Lambert, M. I. (2009). The quantification of training load, the training response and the effect on performance. Sports Medicine, 39(9), 779-795. https://doi.org/10.2165/11317780-000000000-00000
  • Brzycki, M. (1993). Strength testing-predicting a one-rep max from reps-to-fatigue. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation Dance, 64(1), 88-90. https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.1993.10606684
  • Buzdağlı, Y., Günay, M., Şıktar, E., Murat, O., Yılmaz, U., & Savaş, A. (2022). Futbolculara uygulanan aralıklı ve süreki egzersizin fiziksel ve bilişsel performansa etkisi. The Online Journal of Recreation Sports, 11(4), 22-35. https://doi.org/10.22282/ojrs.2022.106
  • Carling, C., Orhant, E., & LeGall, F. (2010). Match injuries in professional soccer: Inter-seasonal variation and effects of competition type, match congestion and positional role. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 31(04), 271-276. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1243646
  • Castagna, C., Impellizzeri, F., Cecchini, E., Rampinini, E., & Alvarez, J. C. B. (2009). Effects of intermittent-endurance fitness on match performance in young male soccer players. The Journal of Strength Conditioning Research, 23(7), 1954-1959. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181b7f743
  • Clemente, F. M., Couceiro, M. S., Martins, F. M. L., Ivanova, M. O., & Mendes, R. (2013). Activity profiles of soccer players during the 2010 world cup. Journal of Human Kinetics, 38, 201. https://doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2013-0060
  • Coppalle, S., Rave, G., Ben Abderrahman, A., Ali, A., Salhi, I., Zouita, S., Zouita, A., Brughelli, M., Granacher, U., & Zouhal, H. (2019). Relationship of pre-season training load with in-season biochemical markers, injuries and performance in professional soccer players. Frontiers in Physiology, 409. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.00409
  • Croisier, J.-L., Ganteaume, S., Binet, J., Genty, M., & Ferret, J.-M. (2008). Strength imbalances and prevention of hamstring injury in professional soccer players: a prospective study. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 36(8), 1469-1475. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546508316764
  • Da Silva, J. F., Dittrich, N., & Guglielmo, L. G. A. (2011). Avaliação aeróbia no futebol. The Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria e Desempenho Humano, 13(5), 384-391. https://doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2011v13n5p384
  • Ekstrand, J., Hägglund, M., & Waldén, M. (2011). Epidemiology of muscle injuries in professional football (soccer). The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 39(6), 1226-1232. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546510395879
  • Fousekis, K., Tsepis, E., & Vagenas, G. (2010). Lower limb strength in professional soccer players: profile, asymmetry, and training age. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 9(3), 364. Erişim adresi: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3761700/
  • Gabbett, T. J., Nassis, G. P., Oetter, E., Pretorius, J., Johnston, N., Medina, D., Rodas, G., Myslinski, T., Howells, D., & Beard, A. (2017). The athlete monitoring cycle: a practical guide to interpreting and applying training monitoring data. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 51(20), 1451-1452. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-097298
  • García-Pinillos, F., Martínez-Amat, A., Hita-Contreras, F., Martínez-López, E. J., & Latorre-Román, P. A. (2014). Effects of a contrast training program without external load on vertical jump, kicking speed, sprint, and agility of young soccer players. The Journal of Strength Conditioning Research, 28(9), 2452-2460. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000452
  • Goto, K., Ishii, N., Mizuno, A., & Takamatsu, K. (2007). Enhancement of fat metabolism by repeated bouts of moderate endurance exercise. Journal of Applied Physiology, 102(6), 2158-2164. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01302.2006
  • Haugen, T. A., Tønnessen, E., Hisdal, J., & Seiler, S. (2014). The role and development of sprinting speed in soccer. International Journal of Sports Physiology Performance, 9(3), 432-441. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2013-0121
  • Helgerud, J., Engen, L. C., Wisloff, U., & Hoff, J. (2001). Aerobic endurance training improves soccer performance. Medicine Science in Sports Exercise, 33(11), 1925-1931. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200111000-00019
  • Hopkins, W., Marshall, S., Batterham, A., & Hanin, J. (2009). Progressive statistics for studies in sports medicine and exercise science. Medicine Science in Sports Exercise, 41(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e31818cb278
  • Impellizzeri, F. M., Marcora, S., Castagna, C., Reilly, T., Sassi, A., Iaia, F., & Rampinini, E. (2006). Physiological and performance effects of generic versus specific aerobic training in soccer players. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 27(06), 483-492. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2005-865839
  • Impellizzeri, F. M., Rampinini, E., Castagna, C., Martino, F., Fiorini, S., & Wisloff, U. (2008). Effect of plyometric training on sand versus grass on muscle soreness and jumping and sprinting ability in soccer players. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 42(1), 42-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2007.038497
  • Jeffreys, L. (2008). Movement training for field sports: Soccer. Strength Conditioning Journal, 30(4), 19-27. https://doi.org/10.1519/SSC.0b013e31818021c1
  • Jeong, T.-S., Reilly, T., Morton, J., Bae, S.-W., & Drust, B. (2011). Quantification of the physiological loading of one week of “pre-season” and one week of “in-season” training in professional soccer players. Journal of sports sciences, 29(11), 1161-1166. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2011.583671
  • Kotzamanidis, C., Chatzopoulos, D., Michailidis, C., Papaiakovou, G., & Patikas, D. (2005). The effect of a combined high-intensity strength and speed training program on the running and jumping ability of soccer players. The Journal of Strength Conditioning Research, 19(2), 369-375. https://doi.org/10.1519/R-14944.1
  • Kraemer, W. J., Ratamess, N. A., Volek, J. S., Mazzetti, S. A., & Gomez, A. L. (2000). The effect of the meridian shoe on vertical jump and sprint performances following short-term combined plyometric/sprint and resistance training. The Journal of Strength Conditioning Research, 14(2), 228-238. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000838.
  • Kramer, M., Sparks, M., & Coetzee, B. (2022). Physiological and Sprint Kinetics Associated With the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 Performances in Soccer Players. International Journal of Sports Physiology Performance, 1(aop), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2021-0483
  • Krustrup, P., Mohr, M., Nybo, L., Jensen, J. M., Nielsen, J. J., & Bangsbo, J. (2006). The Yo-Yo IR2 test: physiological response, reliability, and application to elite soccer. Medicine Science in Sports Exercise, 38(9), 1666-1673. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000227538.20799.08.
  • Lehance, C., Binet, J., Bury, T., & Croisier, J.-L. (2009). Muscular strength, functional performances and injury risk in professional and junior elite soccer players. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine Science in Sports, 19(2), 243-251. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2008.00780.x
  • Li, R., Maffulli, N., Hsu, Y. C., & Chan, K. M. (1996). Isokinetic strength of the quadriceps and hamstrings and functional ability of anterior cruciate deficient knees in recreational athletes. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 30(2), 161-164. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.30.2.161
  • Mayhew, J. L., Johnson, B. D., LaMonte, M. J., Lauber, D., & Kemmler, W. (2008). Accuracy of prediction equations for determining one repetition maximum bench press in women before and after resistance training. The Journal of Strength Conditioning Research, 22(5), 1570-1577. https://doi.org/ 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31817b02ad
  • Meylan, C., & Malatesta, D. (2009). Effects of in-season plyometric training within soccer practice on explosive actions of young players. The Journal of Strength Conditioning Research, 23(9), 2605-2613. https://doi.org/ 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181b1f330
  • Miller, E., Pierson, M., Nickols-Richardson, M., Wootten, F., Selmon, E., Ramp, K., & Herbert, G. (2006). Knee extensor and flexor torque development with concentric and eccentric isokinetic training. Research Quarterly for Exercise Sports Medicine, 77(1), 58-63. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2006.10599332
  • Miller, G., Herniman, J., Ricard, D., Cheatham, C., & Michael, J. (2006). The effects of a 6-week plyometric training program on agility. Journal of Sports Science Medicine Science in Sports Exercise, 5(3), 459. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24353464/
  • Orchard, J., Marsden, J., Lord, S., & Garlick, D. (1997). Preseason hamstring muscle weakness associated with hamstring muscle injury in Australian footballers. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 25(1), 81-85. https://doi.org/ 10.1177/036354659702500116
  • Petersen, J., & Hölmich, P. (2005). Evidence-based prevention of hamstring injuries in sport. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 39(6), 319-323. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2005.018549
  • Pettitt, R. W., & Bryson, E. R. (2002). Training for women's basketball: a biomechanical emphasis for preventing anterior cruciate ligament injury. Strength Conditioning Journal, 24(5), 20-29.https://doi.org/10.1519/1533-4295(2002)024<0020:TFWBAB>2.0.CO;2
  • Pfirrmann, D., Herbst, M., Ingelfinger, P., Simon, P., & Tug, S. (2016). Analysis of injury incidences in male professional adult and elite youth soccer players: a systematic review. Journal of Athletic Training, 51(5), 410-424. https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-51.6.03
  • Raunest, J., Sager, M., & Burgener, E. (1996). Proprioceptive mechanisms in the cruciate ligaments: an electromyographic study on reflex activity in the thigh muscles. Journal of Trauma Acute Care Surgery, 41(3), 488-493. https://doi.org/ 10.1097/00005373-199609000-00017
  • Ribeiro-Alvares, J. B., Dornelles, M. P., Fritsch, C. G., de Lima-E-Silva, F. X., Medeiros, T. M., Severo-Silveira, L., Marques, V. B., & Baroni, B. M. (2020). Prevalence of hamstring strain injury risk factors in professional and under-20 male football (soccer) players. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 29(3), 339-345. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2018-0084
  • Ronnestad, B. R., Kvamme, N. H., Sunde, A., & Raastad, T. (2008). Short-term effects of strength and plyometric training on sprint and jump performance in professional soccer players. The Journal of Strength Conditioning Research, 22(3), 773-780. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31816a5e86
  • Sekulic, D., Spasic, M., Mirkov, D., Cavar, M., & Sattler, T. (2013). Gender-specific influences of balance, speed, and power on agility performance. The Journal of Strength Conditioning Research, 27(3), 802-811. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31825c2cb0
  • Stølen, T., Chamari, K., Castagna, C., & Wisløff, U. (2005). Physiology of soccer. Sports Medicine, 35(6), 501-536. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200535060-00004
  • Thomas, K., French, D., & Hayes, P. R. (2009). The effect of two plyometric training techniques on muscular power and agility in youth soccer players. The Journal of Strength Conditioning Research, 23(1), 332-335. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318183a01a
  • Váczi, M., Tollár, J., Meszler, B., Juhász, I., & Karsai, I. (2013). Short-term high intensity plyometric training program improves strength, power and agility in male soccer players. Journal of Human Kinetics, 36, 17. https://doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2013-0002
  • Wong, D. P., & Wong, S. H. (2009). Physiological profile of Asian elite youth soccer players. The Journal of Strength Conditioning Research, 23(5), 1383-1390. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181a4f074
Toplam 50 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Spor Hekimliği
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Yusuf Buzdağlı 0000-0003-1809-5194

İzzet Uçan 0000-0002-9668-1829

Cemre Didem Eyipınar 0000-0002-9778-2074

Erdinç Şıktar 0000-0003-0387-3969

Murat Ozan 0000-0003-3818-4637

Halil Uçar 0000-0002-4231-1267

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 16 Haziran 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 31 Aralık 2022
Kabul Tarihi 5 Mart 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Buzdağlı, Y., Uçan, İ., Eyipınar, C. D., Şıktar, E., vd. (2023). Genç Futbolcuların Hız, Çeviklik, Dayanıklılık ve Kuvvet Performanslarının İncelenmesi: H/Q ve D/ND Oranlarının Değerlendirilmesi. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(1), 228-241. https://doi.org/10.33459/cbubesbd.1226879
AMA Buzdağlı Y, Uçan İ, Eyipınar CD, Şıktar E, Ozan M, Uçar H. Genç Futbolcuların Hız, Çeviklik, Dayanıklılık ve Kuvvet Performanslarının İncelenmesi: H/Q ve D/ND Oranlarının Değerlendirilmesi. CBÜ BESBD. Haziran 2023;18(1):228-241. doi:10.33459/cbubesbd.1226879
Chicago Buzdağlı, Yusuf, İzzet Uçan, Cemre Didem Eyipınar, Erdinç Şıktar, Murat Ozan, ve Halil Uçar. “Genç Futbolcuların Hız, Çeviklik, Dayanıklılık Ve Kuvvet Performanslarının İncelenmesi: H/Q Ve D/ND Oranlarının Değerlendirilmesi”. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi 18, sy. 1 (Haziran 2023): 228-41. https://doi.org/10.33459/cbubesbd.1226879.
EndNote Buzdağlı Y, Uçan İ, Eyipınar CD, Şıktar E, Ozan M, Uçar H (01 Haziran 2023) Genç Futbolcuların Hız, Çeviklik, Dayanıklılık ve Kuvvet Performanslarının İncelenmesi: H/Q ve D/ND Oranlarının Değerlendirilmesi. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi 18 1 228–241.
IEEE Y. Buzdağlı, İ. Uçan, C. D. Eyipınar, E. Şıktar, M. Ozan, ve H. Uçar, “Genç Futbolcuların Hız, Çeviklik, Dayanıklılık ve Kuvvet Performanslarının İncelenmesi: H/Q ve D/ND Oranlarının Değerlendirilmesi”, CBÜ BESBD, c. 18, sy. 1, ss. 228–241, 2023, doi: 10.33459/cbubesbd.1226879.
ISNAD Buzdağlı, Yusuf vd. “Genç Futbolcuların Hız, Çeviklik, Dayanıklılık Ve Kuvvet Performanslarının İncelenmesi: H/Q Ve D/ND Oranlarının Değerlendirilmesi”. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi 18/1 (Haziran 2023), 228-241. https://doi.org/10.33459/cbubesbd.1226879.
JAMA Buzdağlı Y, Uçan İ, Eyipınar CD, Şıktar E, Ozan M, Uçar H. Genç Futbolcuların Hız, Çeviklik, Dayanıklılık ve Kuvvet Performanslarının İncelenmesi: H/Q ve D/ND Oranlarının Değerlendirilmesi. CBÜ BESBD. 2023;18:228–241.
MLA Buzdağlı, Yusuf vd. “Genç Futbolcuların Hız, Çeviklik, Dayanıklılık Ve Kuvvet Performanslarının İncelenmesi: H/Q Ve D/ND Oranlarının Değerlendirilmesi”. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 18, sy. 1, 2023, ss. 228-41, doi:10.33459/cbubesbd.1226879.
Vancouver Buzdağlı Y, Uçan İ, Eyipınar CD, Şıktar E, Ozan M, Uçar H. Genç Futbolcuların Hız, Çeviklik, Dayanıklılık ve Kuvvet Performanslarının İncelenmesi: H/Q ve D/ND Oranlarının Değerlendirilmesi. CBÜ BESBD. 2023;18(1):228-41.