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Arkeometride Seramik Petrografi

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2/2, 36 - 44, 28.12.2017

Öz

Arkeolojik kazılarda ele geçen seramiklerin karakterize
edilmesinde genellikle spektroskopik yöntemlerden olan XRF, XRD, FTIR ve Raman
gibi teknikler kullanılmaktadır. Ayrıca mikro özelliklerin belirlendiği SEM/EDX
ve termal analiz yöntemlerinden TG-DTA da sıklıkla tercih edilmektedir.
Bunların dışında, seramiklerin ince kesitleri üzerinden hem görüntü alabilen
hem de mineralojik olarak karakterize edebilen petrografik çalışmalar ön plana
çıkmaktadır. Petrografik incelemeler sayesinde seramiklerin hem ince kesit
görüntüleri alınarak bünye yapısı hakkında bilgi sahibi olunabilmekte hem de
mineral/kayaç içeriği, agrega oranı (genellikle hacimce % olarak) ve porozite
içeriği (hacimce %) gibi karakteristik özellikler belirlenebilmektedir.
Özellikle tanelerin ve porların boyut, şekil ve dağılımları gözlenebilmekte,
bünyedeki renk farklılıkları ile pişirim atmosferi hakkında yorum yapılabilmektedir.
Bu tip bilgiler seramiklerin üretim özelliklerine ışık tutarak arkeometrik
çalışmaların nihai değerlendirmelerinde etkin rol oynamaktadır. Bu bilgilere
paralel olarak mevcut çalışmada, arkeolojik kazılarda ele geçen seramikler
üzerinde kullanılan petrografik analizlerin uygulama biçimleri ve elde edilen
sonuçların arkeometrik olarak hangi parametrelere ışık tutacağı ele alınmıştır. 

Kaynakça

  • Bayazit, M., Işık, I. ve Issi, A. (2015). Investigating the firing technologies of Part-Roman potsherds excavated from Kuriki (Turkey) using thermal and vibrational spectroscopic techniques, Vibrational Spectroscopy (78) 1-11.
  • Bayazit, M., Isik, I., Issi, A. ve Genc, E. (2016). Archaeometric investigation of the Late Chalcolithic-Early Bronze Age I and the 1st–2nd millennium BCE potteries from Kuriki-Turkey, Applied Clay Science (126) 180-189.
  • Bong, W.S.K., Matsumura, K. ve Nakai, I. (2008). Firing technologies and raw materials of typical early and middle bronze age pottery from Kaman-Kalehöyük: A statistical and chemical analysis, Anatolian Archaeological Studies, XVII, 295-311.
  • Broekmans, T., Adriaens, A. ve Pantos, E. (2004). Analytical investigations of cooking pottery from Tell Beydar (ne-Syria), Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B, (226), 92-97.
  • Carretero,M.I., Dondi, M., Fabbri, B. ve Raimondo, M. (2002). The influence of shaping and firing technology on ceramic properties of calcareous and non-calcareous illitic– chloritic clays. Appl. Clay Sci. 20, 301-306.
  • Cuomo di Caprio, N. ve Vaughan, S. (1993). An experimental study in distinguishing grog (chamotte) from argillaceous inclusions in ceramic thin sections. Archaeomaterials 7, 21-40.
  • Cultrone, G., Rodriguez-Navarro, C., Sebastian, E., Cazalla, O. ve De La Torre, M.J. (2001). Carbonate and silicate phase reactions during ceramic firing, Eur. J. Miner. 13, 621-634.
  • Eramo, G., Laviano, R., Muntoni, I.M. ve Volpe, G. (2004). Late Roman cooking pottery from the Tavoliere area (Southern Italy): raw materials and technological aspects. J. Cult. Herit. 5, 157-165.
  • Freestone, I.C. (1995). The Petrographic examination of ceramics. AM J Archaeol 99 (1), 111-115.
  • Herbert, J.M. & Smith, M.S. (2010). Identifying Grog in Archaeological Pottery. The First Annual Conference, Reconstructive/Experimental Archaeology, Gastonia, NC, October, pp. 1-17.
  • Issi, A., Raškovska, A., Kara, A., Grupce, O., Minčeva-Šukarova, B. ve Okyar, F. (2011). Scanning electron microscopy and micro-Raman spectroscopy of slip layers of Hellenistic ceramic wares from Dorylaion/Turkey, Ceram. Int. 37, 1879-1887.
  • Leach, F. & Davidson, J. & Claridge, G. & Ward, G. & Craib, J. (2008). The physical and mineralogical characteristics of pottery from Mochong, Rota, Mariana Island. In: Clark, G., Leach, F., O'Conner, S. (Eds.), Islands of Inquiry: Colonization, Seafaring and the Archaeology of Maritime Landscapes. Australian National University press, Terra Australia, pp. 435-452.
  • Loehman, R.E. (1993). Characterization of Ceramics, Butterworth-Heinemann, Reed-Elsevier Inc.
  • Loftfield, T.C. (1976). A Brief and True Report: An Archaeological Interpretation of the Southern North Carolina Coast. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of anthropology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
  • Middleton, A. (1997). Ceramic Petrography. Rev. do Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia, São Paulo, Suplemento 2: 73-79.
  • Mommsen, H. (2001). Provenance determination of pottery by trace element analysis: problems, solutions and applications, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Ch. 247/3, 657-662.
  • Moropoulou, A., Bakolas, A. ve Bisbikou, K. (1995). Thermal analysis as a method of characterizing ancient ceramic technologies. Thermochim. Acta 2570, 743-753.
  • Ökse, A.T. (2002). Arkeolojik çalışmalarda seramik değerlendirme yöntemleri. Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları, IV.
  • Rice, P.M. (1987). Pottery Analysis: A Sourcebook. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
  • Rye, O.S. (1977) Pottery manufacturing techniques: X-ray studies. Archaeometry, 19, 205-211.
  • Saffer, M. (1979). Aboriginal Clay Resource Utilization of the Georgia Coast. M.A. thesis, Department of anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville.
  • Shepard, A.O. (1956). Ceramics for the Archaeologist. Carnegie Institution, Washington.
  • Shepard, A.O. (1966). Rio Grande Glaze-Paint pottery: a test of petrographic an analysis. F.R. Matson (Ed.) Ceramics and Man, London: 62-87.
  • Shepard, A.O. (1985). Ceramics for the Archaeologist. Braun-Brumfield, Inc., Ann Arbor Originally published 1956, Publication No. 609 Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, D.C.
  • Shoval, S. (2003). Using FT-IR spectroscopy for study of calcareous ancient ceramics, Optical Materials 24, 117-122.
  • Vlasov, A.S. ve Karabanova, T.A. (1993). Ceramics and Medicine (Review). Glass and Ceramics, 50 (9), 398-401.
Yıl 2017, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2/2, 36 - 44, 28.12.2017

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Bayazit, M., Işık, I. ve Issi, A. (2015). Investigating the firing technologies of Part-Roman potsherds excavated from Kuriki (Turkey) using thermal and vibrational spectroscopic techniques, Vibrational Spectroscopy (78) 1-11.
  • Bayazit, M., Isik, I., Issi, A. ve Genc, E. (2016). Archaeometric investigation of the Late Chalcolithic-Early Bronze Age I and the 1st–2nd millennium BCE potteries from Kuriki-Turkey, Applied Clay Science (126) 180-189.
  • Bong, W.S.K., Matsumura, K. ve Nakai, I. (2008). Firing technologies and raw materials of typical early and middle bronze age pottery from Kaman-Kalehöyük: A statistical and chemical analysis, Anatolian Archaeological Studies, XVII, 295-311.
  • Broekmans, T., Adriaens, A. ve Pantos, E. (2004). Analytical investigations of cooking pottery from Tell Beydar (ne-Syria), Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B, (226), 92-97.
  • Carretero,M.I., Dondi, M., Fabbri, B. ve Raimondo, M. (2002). The influence of shaping and firing technology on ceramic properties of calcareous and non-calcareous illitic– chloritic clays. Appl. Clay Sci. 20, 301-306.
  • Cuomo di Caprio, N. ve Vaughan, S. (1993). An experimental study in distinguishing grog (chamotte) from argillaceous inclusions in ceramic thin sections. Archaeomaterials 7, 21-40.
  • Cultrone, G., Rodriguez-Navarro, C., Sebastian, E., Cazalla, O. ve De La Torre, M.J. (2001). Carbonate and silicate phase reactions during ceramic firing, Eur. J. Miner. 13, 621-634.
  • Eramo, G., Laviano, R., Muntoni, I.M. ve Volpe, G. (2004). Late Roman cooking pottery from the Tavoliere area (Southern Italy): raw materials and technological aspects. J. Cult. Herit. 5, 157-165.
  • Freestone, I.C. (1995). The Petrographic examination of ceramics. AM J Archaeol 99 (1), 111-115.
  • Herbert, J.M. & Smith, M.S. (2010). Identifying Grog in Archaeological Pottery. The First Annual Conference, Reconstructive/Experimental Archaeology, Gastonia, NC, October, pp. 1-17.
  • Issi, A., Raškovska, A., Kara, A., Grupce, O., Minčeva-Šukarova, B. ve Okyar, F. (2011). Scanning electron microscopy and micro-Raman spectroscopy of slip layers of Hellenistic ceramic wares from Dorylaion/Turkey, Ceram. Int. 37, 1879-1887.
  • Leach, F. & Davidson, J. & Claridge, G. & Ward, G. & Craib, J. (2008). The physical and mineralogical characteristics of pottery from Mochong, Rota, Mariana Island. In: Clark, G., Leach, F., O'Conner, S. (Eds.), Islands of Inquiry: Colonization, Seafaring and the Archaeology of Maritime Landscapes. Australian National University press, Terra Australia, pp. 435-452.
  • Loehman, R.E. (1993). Characterization of Ceramics, Butterworth-Heinemann, Reed-Elsevier Inc.
  • Loftfield, T.C. (1976). A Brief and True Report: An Archaeological Interpretation of the Southern North Carolina Coast. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of anthropology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
  • Middleton, A. (1997). Ceramic Petrography. Rev. do Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia, São Paulo, Suplemento 2: 73-79.
  • Mommsen, H. (2001). Provenance determination of pottery by trace element analysis: problems, solutions and applications, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Ch. 247/3, 657-662.
  • Moropoulou, A., Bakolas, A. ve Bisbikou, K. (1995). Thermal analysis as a method of characterizing ancient ceramic technologies. Thermochim. Acta 2570, 743-753.
  • Ökse, A.T. (2002). Arkeolojik çalışmalarda seramik değerlendirme yöntemleri. Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları, IV.
  • Rice, P.M. (1987). Pottery Analysis: A Sourcebook. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
  • Rye, O.S. (1977) Pottery manufacturing techniques: X-ray studies. Archaeometry, 19, 205-211.
  • Saffer, M. (1979). Aboriginal Clay Resource Utilization of the Georgia Coast. M.A. thesis, Department of anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville.
  • Shepard, A.O. (1956). Ceramics for the Archaeologist. Carnegie Institution, Washington.
  • Shepard, A.O. (1966). Rio Grande Glaze-Paint pottery: a test of petrographic an analysis. F.R. Matson (Ed.) Ceramics and Man, London: 62-87.
  • Shepard, A.O. (1985). Ceramics for the Archaeologist. Braun-Brumfield, Inc., Ann Arbor Originally published 1956, Publication No. 609 Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, D.C.
  • Shoval, S. (2003). Using FT-IR spectroscopy for study of calcareous ancient ceramics, Optical Materials 24, 117-122.
  • Vlasov, A.S. ve Karabanova, T.A. (1993). Ceramics and Medicine (Review). Glass and Ceramics, 50 (9), 398-401.
Toplam 26 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Murat Bayazit

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Aralık 2017
Gönderilme Tarihi 10 Mayıs 2017
Kabul Tarihi 14 Kasım 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2/2

Kaynak Göster

APA Bayazit, M. (2017). Arkeometride Seramik Petrografi. Batman Üniversitesi Yaşam Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(2/2), 36-44.