Abstract
Metinlerarasılığın geçmişi antik zamana kadar uzansa da, resmi olarak terim ilk defa Bulgar-Fransız edebiyat eleştirmeni Julia Kristeva tarafından 1967 yılında kullanılmıştır. Metinlerarasılık bir postmodern edebi terim olup eşsiz ve bağımsız bir metnin olamayacağını iddia eder. Her bir metin başka bir metne özellikle anıştırma, alıntı, plejirizm, pastiş ve parodi gibi yollarla bir şekilde metinlerarası olarak bağlantılıdır. Bu çalışmada üç edebi eleştirmen olarak Gerard Genette, Kubilay Aktulum ve Gonca Alpaslan’ın metodolojik olarak geliştirmiş oldukları metinlerarasılık yaklaşımlarından faydalanılmaktadır. Buna bağlı olarak J.M. Coetzee’nin Foe ve Ayşe Kulin’nin Handan romanları, onlara ilham olan eserlerle metinlerarası ilişkileri yönünden ele alınmaktadır. Coetzee’nin Foe’su Daniel Defoe’nun Robinson Crusoe’nun anıştırmalı ve endirekt metinlerarası formu olduğu ortaya konurken, Kulin’nin Handan’ı ve Halide Edib Adıvar’ın Handan’ı arasında direkt ve açık bir metinlerarası ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Son olarak, postmodern metinlerarasılık yoluyla hem Coetzee’nin Foe’su hem de Kulin’in Handan’ı, Defoe’nun Robinson Crusoe’unu ve Adıvar’ın Handan’ını yeniden gündeme getirmekle birlikte onların varlıksal temellerini sorgulamaktadırlar.
Keywords
References
- Adıvar, H. E. (2017). Handan. İstanbul: Can Yayınları.
- Aktulum, K. (2000). Metinlerarası İlişkiler. Ankara: Öteki Yayınevi.
- Allen, G. (2006). Intertextuality. London: Routledge.
- Alpaslan, G. G. (2007). Metinlerarası İlişkiler ve Gılgamış Destanı'nın Çağdaş Yorumları. İstanbul: Multilingual.
- Bakhtin, M. M. (1984). Problems of Dostoevsky's Poetics. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
- Baldick, C. (2001). A Concise Dictionary of Literary Terms. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Barthes, R. (1977). Image, Music, Text. London: Fontana.
- Coetzee, J. M. (2010). Foe. London: Penguin Books.
- Cuddon, J. A., & Habib, R. (2013). A Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell.
- Defoe, D. (2007). Robinson Crusoe. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Genette, G. (1997a). Paratexts: Thresholds of Interpretation. Trans. J.E. Lewin. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Genette, G. (1997b). Palimpsests: Literature in the Second Degree. Trans. C. Newman & C. Doubinsky. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
- Head, D. (2009). The Cambridge Introduction to J.M. Coetzee. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Hutcheon, L. (1989). "Historiographic Metafiction Parody and the Intertextuality of History" Intertextuality and Contemporary American Fiction. Ed. O'Donnell, P., and Robert Con Davis. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
- Kristeva, J. (1980). Desire in Language: Semiotic Approach to Literature and Art. New York: Columbia University Press.
- Kulin, A. (2014). Handan. İstanbul: Everest.
- Mason, J. (2019). Intertextuality in practice. Amsterdam / Philadelphia : John Benjamins Publishing Company.
- Rata, I. (2015). “The Role of Intertextuality in Neil Gaiman’s American Gods”. Cultural Intertexts 2/3, 103-112.
- Richetti, J. J. (2005). The Life of Daniel Defoe: A critical biography. Oxford: Blackwell.
- Zengin, M. (2016). “An Introduction to Intertextuality as a Literary Theory: Definitions, Axioms and the Originators”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Sayı 25/1, 299-326.
Abstract
Though the history of intertextuality goes back to ancient times, it was officially coined in 1967 by Bulgarian-French literary critic Julia Cristeva. Intertextuality is a postmodern literary tool and asserts that there is no unique and independent text. Every text is connected to each other through some intertextual relations particularly in the form of allusion, quotation, plagiarism, pastiche and parody. For this paper, the methodological approaches of three literary critics, namely Gerard Genette, Kubilay Akyulum and Gonca Alpaslan on intertextuality, set up the basis of the study. Accordingly, J. M. Coetzee’s novel Foe and Ayşe Kulin’s novel Handan are evaluated through their intertextual relations with the previous works that inspire them. It has been put forward that Coetzee’s Foe is an allusive and indirect intertextual form of Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe. However, there is a direct and overt intertextual relationship between Halide Edib Adıvar’s Handan and Kulin’s novel that have the identical title and name of heroine with Adıvar’s. As a last remark, through postmodern intertextuality, both Coetzee’s Foe and Kulin’s Handan revisit and question the ontological bases of Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe and Adıvar’s Handan.
Keywords
References
- Adıvar, H. E. (2017). Handan. İstanbul: Can Yayınları.
- Aktulum, K. (2000). Metinlerarası İlişkiler. Ankara: Öteki Yayınevi.
- Allen, G. (2006). Intertextuality. London: Routledge.
- Alpaslan, G. G. (2007). Metinlerarası İlişkiler ve Gılgamış Destanı'nın Çağdaş Yorumları. İstanbul: Multilingual.
- Bakhtin, M. M. (1984). Problems of Dostoevsky's Poetics. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
- Baldick, C. (2001). A Concise Dictionary of Literary Terms. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Barthes, R. (1977). Image, Music, Text. London: Fontana.
- Coetzee, J. M. (2010). Foe. London: Penguin Books.
- Cuddon, J. A., & Habib, R. (2013). A Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell.
- Defoe, D. (2007). Robinson Crusoe. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Genette, G. (1997a). Paratexts: Thresholds of Interpretation. Trans. J.E. Lewin. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Genette, G. (1997b). Palimpsests: Literature in the Second Degree. Trans. C. Newman & C. Doubinsky. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
- Head, D. (2009). The Cambridge Introduction to J.M. Coetzee. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Hutcheon, L. (1989). "Historiographic Metafiction Parody and the Intertextuality of History" Intertextuality and Contemporary American Fiction. Ed. O'Donnell, P., and Robert Con Davis. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
- Kristeva, J. (1980). Desire in Language: Semiotic Approach to Literature and Art. New York: Columbia University Press.
- Kulin, A. (2014). Handan. İstanbul: Everest.
- Mason, J. (2019). Intertextuality in practice. Amsterdam / Philadelphia : John Benjamins Publishing Company.
- Rata, I. (2015). “The Role of Intertextuality in Neil Gaiman’s American Gods”. Cultural Intertexts 2/3, 103-112.
- Richetti, J. J. (2005). The Life of Daniel Defoe: A critical biography. Oxford: Blackwell.
- Zengin, M. (2016). “An Introduction to Intertextuality as a Literary Theory: Definitions, Axioms and the Originators”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Sayı 25/1, 299-326.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Literary Studies |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Early Pub Date | December 27, 2021 |
| Publication Date | December 31, 2021 |
| Submission Date | April 15, 2021 |
| Acceptance Date | August 19, 2021 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2021 Volume: 4 Issue: 2 |
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