Research Article
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Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields from dental devices: A descriptive study

Year 2023, Volume: 21 Issue: 3, 403 - 411, 15.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.20518/tjph.1321257

Abstract

Objective: Electromagnetic Field sources, which are widely used as part of the operating mechanism, cause occupational exposure when electricity is generated, distributed, or usage in the everyday environment. We aimed to obtain the Extremely Low Frequency-Magnetic Field exposure profile for dental health workers from electrical devices used in dentistry.

Method: Measurements were performed while appliances were under working conditions at a 10 cm distance from the device for 6 minutes and for 7 days. The highest measured value in every 10 second was recorded. The mean ± SD of the minimum and maximum Extremely Low Frequency-Magnetic Field for high-speed dental handpiece with LED, low-speed dental handpiece, modeltrimming machine, automatic boil-out unit, steam machine, vacuum device, and polishing machine were recorded in milliGauss.

Results: The values obtains from model-trimming machine and polishing machine were remarkable (809.1 ± 37.7 / 975.0 ± 10.2, 649.3 ± 201.3 / 1367.0 ± 32.1, respectively).

Conclusion: The results show that periodic Electromagnetic Field exposure measurements should be conducted to obtain more detailed information about workplace exposures and sources.

References

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  • Belyaev I, Dean A, Eger H et al. EUROPAEM EMF Guideline 2016 for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of EMF-related health problems and illnesses. Rev Environ Health 2016;31(3):363–397.
  • Stam R, Yamaguchi-Sekino S. Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields from medical sources. Ind Health 2018;56:96–105.
  • Portier CJ, Wolfe MS. Assessment of health effects from exposure to power-line frequency electric and magnetic fields. Working group report. Research Triangle Park, NC: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. Portier CJ, Wolfe MS, editors. 1998 [online]. Available at: http://niremf.ifac.cnr.it/docs/niehs98.pdf. Accessed January, 2023.
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  • Kim DW, Choi JL, Kwon MK et al. Assessment of daily exposure of endodontic personnel to extremely low frequency magnetic fields. Int Endod J 2012;45(8):744-748.
  • Huang SM, Lin YW, Sung FC et al. Occupational exposure of dentists to extremely-low-frequency magnetic field. J Occup Health 2011;53(2):130-136.
  • Newton JT, Thorogood N, Gibbons DE. A study of the career development of male and female dental practitioners. Br Dent J 2000;188(2):90-94.
  • LeBlanc VR, Urbankova A, Hadavi F et al. A preliminary study in using virtual reality to train dental students. J Dent Educ 2004;68(3):378-383.
  • van Tongeren M, Mee T, Whatmough P et al. Assessing occupational and domestic elf magnetic field exposure in the uk adult brain tumour study: results of a feasibility study. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2004;108(3):227-236.
  • Green LM, Miller AB, Agnew DA et al. Childhood leukemia and personal monitoring of residential exposures to electric and magnetic fields in Ontario, Canada. Cancer Causes & Control 1999;10:233-243.
  • Mair P. Electromagnetic fields in welding applications – the current and the conceivable future situation with regard to legal, technical and biological aspects of workers protection. Welding in the World 2008;52(Special Issue):381-388.
  • Chadwick P. Assessment uncertainties relating to electromagnetic fields (EMF) measurement and computation. London, UK: Health and Safety Executive, 2008.
  • Mild KH, Alanko T, Decat G et al. Exposure of workers to electromagnetic fields. A review of open questions on exposure assessment techniques. Int J Occup Saf Ergon (JOSE) 2009;15(1):3–33.
  • Bukovic D, Carek V, Durek D et al. Measurement of magnetic field in dentistry. Coll Antropol 2000;1:85–89.
  • Stam R, Bijwaard H. Recent developments in medical techniques involving ionising or nonionising radiation. RIVM Report 300080010/2011, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven 2011 [online]. Available at: https://rivm.openrepository.com/bitstream/handle/10029/260929/300080010. pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y. Accsessed Fabruary, 2023.
Year 2023, Volume: 21 Issue: 3, 403 - 411, 15.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.20518/tjph.1321257

Abstract

References

  • Röösli M. Epidemiology of electromagnetic fields. Boca Raton, London, New York: 343, CRC Press. Taylor & Francis Group, LLC, 2014.
  • Belyaev I, Dean A, Eger H et al. EUROPAEM EMF Guideline 2016 for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of EMF-related health problems and illnesses. Rev Environ Health 2016;31(3):363–397.
  • Stam R, Yamaguchi-Sekino S. Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields from medical sources. Ind Health 2018;56:96–105.
  • Portier CJ, Wolfe MS. Assessment of health effects from exposure to power-line frequency electric and magnetic fields. Working group report. Research Triangle Park, NC: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. Portier CJ, Wolfe MS, editors. 1998 [online]. Available at: http://niremf.ifac.cnr.it/docs/niehs98.pdf. Accessed January, 2023.
  • The International System of Units (SI), Bureau International des Poids et Mesures, 2019 [online]. Available at: https://www.bipm.org. Accessed January, 2023.
  • Vila J, Bowman J D, Richardson L et al. A Sourcebased measurement database for occupational exposure assessment of electromagnetic fields in the INTEROCC study: A literature review approach. Ann Occup Hyg 2016;60(2):184–204.
  • International Commission on Non-Ionizinig Radiation Protection. Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric and magnetic 411 EMF exposure from dental devices Turk J Public Health 2023;21(3) fields (1 Hz to 100 kHz). International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection. Health Physics 2010;99:818‐836.
  • IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Non-Ionizing Radiation, Part 2: Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields. Lyon (FR): International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) May 2011. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Vol 102 [online]. Available at: http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/ vol102/. Accessed December, 2022.
  • Kim DW, Choi JL, Kwon MK et al. Assessment of daily exposure of endodontic personnel to extremely low frequency magnetic fields. Int Endod J 2012;45(8):744-748.
  • Huang SM, Lin YW, Sung FC et al. Occupational exposure of dentists to extremely-low-frequency magnetic field. J Occup Health 2011;53(2):130-136.
  • Newton JT, Thorogood N, Gibbons DE. A study of the career development of male and female dental practitioners. Br Dent J 2000;188(2):90-94.
  • LeBlanc VR, Urbankova A, Hadavi F et al. A preliminary study in using virtual reality to train dental students. J Dent Educ 2004;68(3):378-383.
  • van Tongeren M, Mee T, Whatmough P et al. Assessing occupational and domestic elf magnetic field exposure in the uk adult brain tumour study: results of a feasibility study. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2004;108(3):227-236.
  • Green LM, Miller AB, Agnew DA et al. Childhood leukemia and personal monitoring of residential exposures to electric and magnetic fields in Ontario, Canada. Cancer Causes & Control 1999;10:233-243.
  • Mair P. Electromagnetic fields in welding applications – the current and the conceivable future situation with regard to legal, technical and biological aspects of workers protection. Welding in the World 2008;52(Special Issue):381-388.
  • Chadwick P. Assessment uncertainties relating to electromagnetic fields (EMF) measurement and computation. London, UK: Health and Safety Executive, 2008.
  • Mild KH, Alanko T, Decat G et al. Exposure of workers to electromagnetic fields. A review of open questions on exposure assessment techniques. Int J Occup Saf Ergon (JOSE) 2009;15(1):3–33.
  • Bukovic D, Carek V, Durek D et al. Measurement of magnetic field in dentistry. Coll Antropol 2000;1:85–89.
  • Stam R, Bijwaard H. Recent developments in medical techniques involving ionising or nonionising radiation. RIVM Report 300080010/2011, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven 2011 [online]. Available at: https://rivm.openrepository.com/bitstream/handle/10029/260929/300080010. pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y. Accsessed Fabruary, 2023.
There are 19 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Services and Systems (Other)
Journal Section Original Research
Authors

Ayşe Bulut 0000-0002-3893-5691

Arzu Fırlarer 0000-0003-4034-8653

Nevra Karamüftüoğlu 0000-0002-5045-5551

Early Pub Date December 15, 2023
Publication Date December 15, 2023
Submission Date June 30, 2023
Acceptance Date September 14, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 21 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Bulut, A., Fırlarer, A., & Karamüftüoğlu, N. (2023). Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields from dental devices: A descriptive study. Turkish Journal of Public Health, 21(3), 403-411. https://doi.org/10.20518/tjph.1321257
AMA Bulut A, Fırlarer A, Karamüftüoğlu N. Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields from dental devices: A descriptive study. TJPH. December 2023;21(3):403-411. doi:10.20518/tjph.1321257
Chicago Bulut, Ayşe, Arzu Fırlarer, and Nevra Karamüftüoğlu. “Occupational Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields from Dental Devices: A Descriptive Study”. Turkish Journal of Public Health 21, no. 3 (December 2023): 403-11. https://doi.org/10.20518/tjph.1321257.
EndNote Bulut A, Fırlarer A, Karamüftüoğlu N (December 1, 2023) Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields from dental devices: A descriptive study. Turkish Journal of Public Health 21 3 403–411.
IEEE A. Bulut, A. Fırlarer, and N. Karamüftüoğlu, “Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields from dental devices: A descriptive study”, TJPH, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 403–411, 2023, doi: 10.20518/tjph.1321257.
ISNAD Bulut, Ayşe et al. “Occupational Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields from Dental Devices: A Descriptive Study”. Turkish Journal of Public Health 21/3 (December 2023), 403-411. https://doi.org/10.20518/tjph.1321257.
JAMA Bulut A, Fırlarer A, Karamüftüoğlu N. Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields from dental devices: A descriptive study. TJPH. 2023;21:403–411.
MLA Bulut, Ayşe et al. “Occupational Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields from Dental Devices: A Descriptive Study”. Turkish Journal of Public Health, vol. 21, no. 3, 2023, pp. 403-11, doi:10.20518/tjph.1321257.
Vancouver Bulut A, Fırlarer A, Karamüftüoğlu N. Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields from dental devices: A descriptive study. TJPH. 2023;21(3):403-11.

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