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Ratlarda 2.45 Ghz Elektromanyetik Alan Kaynaklı Kalp Dokusu Hasarı Üzerine C Vitamininin Koruyucu Etkileri”

Year 2020, Volume: 27 Issue: 1, 23 - 30, 01.03.2020
https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.583987

Abstract

Gelişen teknoloji ile
birlikte günlük hayatın bir çok alanında elektromanyetik alanlar ( EMA) karşımıza
çıkmaktadır. İnsanlar, yerkürenin statik manyetik alanına ek olarak, yapay EMA
kaynaklarından farklı seviyelerde EMA’ya maruz kalırlar. Bir EMA dalga formu
olan radyofrekans (RF) dalga aralığında bulunan 2.45 GHz elektromanyetik radyasyonun
(EMR) endüstriyel, askeri ve bilimsel alanlarda kullanımı yaygındır
. Bu çalışmada, EMA’nın
kalp dokusu üzerine etkisi ve C vitamininin (C vit) olası koruyucu rolünü
değerlendirmek için 18 dişi sıçan kontrol, EMA ve EMA + C vit olarak gruplara
ayrıldı. Sıçanların hareketini kısıtlayan bir düzenek yardımıyla EMA ve EMA + C
vit gruplarına 30 gün süreyle günde 60 dakika
2.24 mW/kg gücündeki 2.45
GHz EMA maruziyeti sağlandı. Tedavi grubuna ayrıca 30 gün boyunca C vit
uygulandı. Deney sonunda kalp dokularında yapılan analizlerde,
EMA grubunun TAS değerlerinde kontrol grubuna göre
sayısal bir azalma gözlenirken, tedavi grubundaki TAS değerlerinde hem kontrol
hem de  EMA grubuna göre istatistiksel
olarak anlamlı bir artış gözlendi. EMA grubunda TOS ve OSI kontrol grubuna göre
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı yüksek iken, EMA+ C vit grubunda TOS değerindeki
azalma istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmadı. Histopatolojik olarak, EMA
grubundaki belirgin hiperemi dışında major bir anomali gözlenmedi. EMA grubunda
immunhistokimyasal olarak tesbit edilen  kaspas-3
ve kaspas-8 ekspresyonları, tedavi grubunda izlenmedi.



Gelişen teknoloji ile birlikte, EMA
maruziyeti her geçen gün artmaktadır. Teknoloji kullanımının önlenmesinin
neredeyse imkansız olacağı düşünüldüğünde, EMA’ya bağlı gelişebilecek hasarın
en aza indirilmesinde C vitamini alternatif bir yöntem olarak görülebilir.

References

  • 1. Gümüşay M, Gülbağça F, Aydemir I, Sayğılı S, Kaya A,İbrahim M. Development of electromagnetic field system for providing wound healing on created wound model rat skin and sensor application. In: Electrical, Electronics and Biomedical Engineering (ELECO) 2016;678-681.
  • 2. Türkkan A, Pala K. Çok düşük frekanslı elektromanyetik radyasyon ve sağlık etkileri. Uludağ University Journal of The Faculty of Engineering 2009;14(2).
  • 3. Özgüner F, Mollaoğlu H. Manyetik alanın organizma üzerindeki biyolojik etkileri. SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 2009;13(1):38-41.
  • 4. Wang J, Koyama S, Komatsubara Y, Suzuki Y, Taki M, Miyakoshi J. Effects of a 2450 MHz high-frequency electromagnetic field with a wide range of SARs on the induction of heat-shock proteins in A172 cells. Bioelectromagnetics 2006;27(6):479–86.
  • 5. Kiray A, Tayefi H, Kiray M, Bagriyanik HA, Pekcetin C, Ergur BU, Ozogul C. The effects of exposure to electromagnetic field on rat myocardium. Toxicol Ind Health 2013;29(5):418-25.
  • 6. Deng H, Wang D, Peng R, Wang S, Chen J, Zhang S, Dong B, Wang X. The electroporation effects of high power pulse microwave and electromagnetic pulse irradiation on the membranes of cardiomyocyte cells and the mechanism therein involved. Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi 2005;22(4):672-6.
  • 7. Gandhied OP. Special Issue on biological effects and medical applications of electromagnetic energy. Proce IEEE 1980;68:173.
  • 8. Akbal A, Balık HH. Investigation of antibacterial effects of electromagnetic waves emitted by mobile phones ayhan. Pol J Environ Stud 2013;22(6):1589–94.
  • 9. Wiedemann P, Freudenstein F, Böhmert C, Wiart J, Croft R. RF EMF risk perception revisited: ıs the focus on concern sufficient for risk perception studies? Int J Environ Res Public Health 2017;14(6):620.
  • 10. Cichoń N, Bijak M, Miller E, Saluk J. Extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF‐EMF) reduces oxidative stress and improves functional and psychological status in ischemic stroke patients. Bioelectromagnetics 2017;38(5):386-396.
  • 11. Akram NA, Shafiq F, Ashraf M. Ascorbic Acid-A Potential Oxidant Scavenger and Its Role in Plant Development and Abiotic Stress Tolerance. Front Plant Sci 2017;8 Available from: http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2017.00613/full
  • 12. Elwej A, Ghorbel I, Chaabane M, Soudani N, Marrekchi R, Jamoussi K, et al. Protective effects of dietary selenium and vitamin C in barium-induced cardiotoxicity. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 36(11):1146-1157.
  • 13. Zhong X, Zeng M, Bian H, Zhong C, Xiao F. An evaluation of the protective role of vitamin C in reactive oxygen species-induced hepatotoxicity due to hexavalent chromium in vitro and in vivo. J Occup Med Toxicol 2017;12(1):15.
  • 14. Burkhardt M, Spinelli Y, Kuster N. Exposure setup to test effects of wireless communications systems on the CNS. Health Phys 1997;73(5):770-8.
  • 15. Bradford MM. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem 1976;72:248e54.
  • 16. Erel O. A novel automated direct measurement method for total antioxidant capacity using a new generation, more stable ABTS radical cation. Clin Biochem 2004;37:277-85.
  • 17. Erel O. A new automated colorimetric method for measuring total oxidant status. Clin Biochem 2005;38:1103-11.
  • 18. Demirbag R, Gur M, Yilmaz R, Kunt AS, Erel O, Andac MH. Influence of oxidative stress on the development of collateral circulation in total coronary occlusions. Int J Cardiol 2007;116(1):14-9.
  • 19. Koyu A, Gümral N, Aşcı H, Gökçimen A, Özgöçmen M, Özdamar N. 2450 MHz elektromanyetik alanın sıçan tiroid dokusuna etkisi; Selenyum ve L-Karnitinin koruyucu rolü. SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 2015;21(4), 133-141.
  • 20. Gagnon ZE, Newkirk C, Conetta JA, Sama MA, Sisselman S. Teratogenic effect of broad band electromagnetic field on neonatal mice. J Environ Sci Health part A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng 2003;38(11): 2465- 2481.
  • 21. Wolf FI, Torselloa A, Tedescoa B, Fasanellaa S, Boninsegnaa A, D’Ascenzob M, Grassib C, Azzenab GB, Cittadina A. 50-60 Hz extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields enhace cells proliferation and DNA damage: Possible involvementof a redox mechanism. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 2005;1743:120- 129.
  • 22. Ishisaka R, Kano T, Inai Y, Nakahara H, Akiyama J, Yoshioka T, Utsumi K. Effects of a magnetic field on the various functions of subcellular organelles and cells. Pathophysiology 2000;7:149- 152.
  • 23. Grundler W, Kaiser F, Keilmann F, Walleczek J. Mechanisms of electromagnetic interaction with cellular systems. Naturwissenschaften 1992;79(12):551-9.
  • 24. Moustafa YM, Moustafa RM, Belacy A, Abou-El-Ela SH, Ali FM. Effects of acute exposure to the radiofrequency fields of cellular phones on plasma lipid peroxide and antioxidase activities in human erythrocytes. Jornal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis. 2001;26:605- 608.
  • 25. Nuutinen J, Ikaheimo R, Lahtinen T. Validation of a new dielectric device to assess changes of tissue water in skin and subcutaneous fat. Physiol Meas. 2004; 25(2):447-54.
  • 26. Goraca A, Ciejka E, Piechota A. Effects of extremely low frequency magnetic field on the parameters of oxidative stress in heart. Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 2010; 61(3):333–338.
  • 27. Jeong JH, Kim JS, Lee BC, Min YS ve ark. Influence of exposure to electromanyetic field on the cardivascular system. Autonomic and Autacoid Pharmacology 2005;25: 17- 23.
  • 28. Jauchem JR, Ryan KL, Frei MR. Cardiovascular and thermal responses in rats during 94 GHz irradiation. Bioelectromagnetics 1999; 20(4):264- 267.
  • 29. Jauchem JR. Exposure to extremely-low-frequency electromagnetic fields and radiofrequency radiation: cardiovascular effects in humans. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 1997;70:9- 21.
  • 30. Borjanovic SS, Jankovic SM, Pejovic Z. ECG Changes in Humans Exposed to 50 Hz Magnetic Fields. J Occup Health 2005;47: 391- 396.
  • 31. Graham C, Cook MR, Cohen HD, Gerkovich MM. Dose Response Study of Human Exposure to 60 Hz Electric and Magnetic Fields. Bioelectromagnetics 1994;15:447- 463.
  • 32. Jauchem JR. Exposure to extremely-low-frequency electromagnetic fields and radiofrequency radiation: cardiovascular effects in humans. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 1997;70:9- 21.
  • 33. Borjanovic SS, Jankovic SM, Pejovic Z. ECG changes in humans exposed to 50 hz magnetic fields. J Occup Health 2005;47:391-396.
  • 34. Deng H, Song ZJ, Wang DW, Yang H ve ark. Study on the membrane protein conformational changes and mechanisms of myocardial cell irradiated by pulse microwawe. Guang Pu Xue Guang Pu Fen Xi 2006; 26(8):1437-1440.
  • 35. Deng H, Wang D, Peng R, Wang S ve ark. The electroporation effects of high power pulse microwawe and electromagnetic pulse irradiation on the membranes of cardiomyocyte cells and the mechanism therein involved. Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi 2005;22(4):672- 676.
  • 36. Gustafsson AB, Gottlieb RA. Mechanisms of apoptosis in the heart. J Clin Immunology 2003;23(6):447-459.
  • 37. Backlund T, Palojoki E, Saraste A, Eriksson A ve ark. Sustained cardiomyocyte apoptosis and left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction in experimental diabetes. Diabetologia 2004;47:325-330.
  • 38. Qi B, Cao L, Wang L, Zhou J. Study on apoptosis and expression of P53, bcl2, Bax in cardiac myocytys of congestive heart failure induced by ventricular pacing. J Tongji Med Univ 2001;21(3):202-205.
  • 39. Karagül Mİ, Batu A, Aktaş S, Özkaya T, Akar A, Çömelekoğlu Ü, Ovla D. Subkronik 1800 MHz elektromanyetik alan uygulanmasının sıçan tuba uterina ampullası üzerine etkileri. Mersin Univ Saglık Bilim Derg 2017;10(1).
  • 40. Guney M, Ozguner F, Oral B, Karahan N, Mungan T. 900 MHz radiofrequency-induced histopathologic changes and oxidative stress in rat endometrium: protection by vitamins E and C.Toxicol Ind Health 2007; 23(7):411-20.
  • 41. Ozguner M, Koyu A, Cesur G, Ural M, Ozguner F, Gokcimen A, et al. Biological and morphological effects on the reproductive organ of rats after exposure to electromagnetic field. Saudi Med. J 2005;26(3):405–10.
  • 42. Valko M, Leibfritz D, Moncol J, Cronin MT, Mazur M, Telser J. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2007;39(1):44-84.
  • 43. Ludke AR, Sharma AK, Akolkar G, Bajpai G, Singal PK. Downregulation of vitamin C transporter SVCT-2 in doxorubicin-induced cardiomyocyte injury. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2012;303(6):C645-53.
Year 2020, Volume: 27 Issue: 1, 23 - 30, 01.03.2020
https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.583987

Abstract

References

  • 1. Gümüşay M, Gülbağça F, Aydemir I, Sayğılı S, Kaya A,İbrahim M. Development of electromagnetic field system for providing wound healing on created wound model rat skin and sensor application. In: Electrical, Electronics and Biomedical Engineering (ELECO) 2016;678-681.
  • 2. Türkkan A, Pala K. Çok düşük frekanslı elektromanyetik radyasyon ve sağlık etkileri. Uludağ University Journal of The Faculty of Engineering 2009;14(2).
  • 3. Özgüner F, Mollaoğlu H. Manyetik alanın organizma üzerindeki biyolojik etkileri. SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 2009;13(1):38-41.
  • 4. Wang J, Koyama S, Komatsubara Y, Suzuki Y, Taki M, Miyakoshi J. Effects of a 2450 MHz high-frequency electromagnetic field with a wide range of SARs on the induction of heat-shock proteins in A172 cells. Bioelectromagnetics 2006;27(6):479–86.
  • 5. Kiray A, Tayefi H, Kiray M, Bagriyanik HA, Pekcetin C, Ergur BU, Ozogul C. The effects of exposure to electromagnetic field on rat myocardium. Toxicol Ind Health 2013;29(5):418-25.
  • 6. Deng H, Wang D, Peng R, Wang S, Chen J, Zhang S, Dong B, Wang X. The electroporation effects of high power pulse microwave and electromagnetic pulse irradiation on the membranes of cardiomyocyte cells and the mechanism therein involved. Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi 2005;22(4):672-6.
  • 7. Gandhied OP. Special Issue on biological effects and medical applications of electromagnetic energy. Proce IEEE 1980;68:173.
  • 8. Akbal A, Balık HH. Investigation of antibacterial effects of electromagnetic waves emitted by mobile phones ayhan. Pol J Environ Stud 2013;22(6):1589–94.
  • 9. Wiedemann P, Freudenstein F, Böhmert C, Wiart J, Croft R. RF EMF risk perception revisited: ıs the focus on concern sufficient for risk perception studies? Int J Environ Res Public Health 2017;14(6):620.
  • 10. Cichoń N, Bijak M, Miller E, Saluk J. Extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF‐EMF) reduces oxidative stress and improves functional and psychological status in ischemic stroke patients. Bioelectromagnetics 2017;38(5):386-396.
  • 11. Akram NA, Shafiq F, Ashraf M. Ascorbic Acid-A Potential Oxidant Scavenger and Its Role in Plant Development and Abiotic Stress Tolerance. Front Plant Sci 2017;8 Available from: http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2017.00613/full
  • 12. Elwej A, Ghorbel I, Chaabane M, Soudani N, Marrekchi R, Jamoussi K, et al. Protective effects of dietary selenium and vitamin C in barium-induced cardiotoxicity. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 36(11):1146-1157.
  • 13. Zhong X, Zeng M, Bian H, Zhong C, Xiao F. An evaluation of the protective role of vitamin C in reactive oxygen species-induced hepatotoxicity due to hexavalent chromium in vitro and in vivo. J Occup Med Toxicol 2017;12(1):15.
  • 14. Burkhardt M, Spinelli Y, Kuster N. Exposure setup to test effects of wireless communications systems on the CNS. Health Phys 1997;73(5):770-8.
  • 15. Bradford MM. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem 1976;72:248e54.
  • 16. Erel O. A novel automated direct measurement method for total antioxidant capacity using a new generation, more stable ABTS radical cation. Clin Biochem 2004;37:277-85.
  • 17. Erel O. A new automated colorimetric method for measuring total oxidant status. Clin Biochem 2005;38:1103-11.
  • 18. Demirbag R, Gur M, Yilmaz R, Kunt AS, Erel O, Andac MH. Influence of oxidative stress on the development of collateral circulation in total coronary occlusions. Int J Cardiol 2007;116(1):14-9.
  • 19. Koyu A, Gümral N, Aşcı H, Gökçimen A, Özgöçmen M, Özdamar N. 2450 MHz elektromanyetik alanın sıçan tiroid dokusuna etkisi; Selenyum ve L-Karnitinin koruyucu rolü. SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 2015;21(4), 133-141.
  • 20. Gagnon ZE, Newkirk C, Conetta JA, Sama MA, Sisselman S. Teratogenic effect of broad band electromagnetic field on neonatal mice. J Environ Sci Health part A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng 2003;38(11): 2465- 2481.
  • 21. Wolf FI, Torselloa A, Tedescoa B, Fasanellaa S, Boninsegnaa A, D’Ascenzob M, Grassib C, Azzenab GB, Cittadina A. 50-60 Hz extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields enhace cells proliferation and DNA damage: Possible involvementof a redox mechanism. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 2005;1743:120- 129.
  • 22. Ishisaka R, Kano T, Inai Y, Nakahara H, Akiyama J, Yoshioka T, Utsumi K. Effects of a magnetic field on the various functions of subcellular organelles and cells. Pathophysiology 2000;7:149- 152.
  • 23. Grundler W, Kaiser F, Keilmann F, Walleczek J. Mechanisms of electromagnetic interaction with cellular systems. Naturwissenschaften 1992;79(12):551-9.
  • 24. Moustafa YM, Moustafa RM, Belacy A, Abou-El-Ela SH, Ali FM. Effects of acute exposure to the radiofrequency fields of cellular phones on plasma lipid peroxide and antioxidase activities in human erythrocytes. Jornal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis. 2001;26:605- 608.
  • 25. Nuutinen J, Ikaheimo R, Lahtinen T. Validation of a new dielectric device to assess changes of tissue water in skin and subcutaneous fat. Physiol Meas. 2004; 25(2):447-54.
  • 26. Goraca A, Ciejka E, Piechota A. Effects of extremely low frequency magnetic field on the parameters of oxidative stress in heart. Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 2010; 61(3):333–338.
  • 27. Jeong JH, Kim JS, Lee BC, Min YS ve ark. Influence of exposure to electromanyetic field on the cardivascular system. Autonomic and Autacoid Pharmacology 2005;25: 17- 23.
  • 28. Jauchem JR, Ryan KL, Frei MR. Cardiovascular and thermal responses in rats during 94 GHz irradiation. Bioelectromagnetics 1999; 20(4):264- 267.
  • 29. Jauchem JR. Exposure to extremely-low-frequency electromagnetic fields and radiofrequency radiation: cardiovascular effects in humans. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 1997;70:9- 21.
  • 30. Borjanovic SS, Jankovic SM, Pejovic Z. ECG Changes in Humans Exposed to 50 Hz Magnetic Fields. J Occup Health 2005;47: 391- 396.
  • 31. Graham C, Cook MR, Cohen HD, Gerkovich MM. Dose Response Study of Human Exposure to 60 Hz Electric and Magnetic Fields. Bioelectromagnetics 1994;15:447- 463.
  • 32. Jauchem JR. Exposure to extremely-low-frequency electromagnetic fields and radiofrequency radiation: cardiovascular effects in humans. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 1997;70:9- 21.
  • 33. Borjanovic SS, Jankovic SM, Pejovic Z. ECG changes in humans exposed to 50 hz magnetic fields. J Occup Health 2005;47:391-396.
  • 34. Deng H, Song ZJ, Wang DW, Yang H ve ark. Study on the membrane protein conformational changes and mechanisms of myocardial cell irradiated by pulse microwawe. Guang Pu Xue Guang Pu Fen Xi 2006; 26(8):1437-1440.
  • 35. Deng H, Wang D, Peng R, Wang S ve ark. The electroporation effects of high power pulse microwawe and electromagnetic pulse irradiation on the membranes of cardiomyocyte cells and the mechanism therein involved. Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi 2005;22(4):672- 676.
  • 36. Gustafsson AB, Gottlieb RA. Mechanisms of apoptosis in the heart. J Clin Immunology 2003;23(6):447-459.
  • 37. Backlund T, Palojoki E, Saraste A, Eriksson A ve ark. Sustained cardiomyocyte apoptosis and left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction in experimental diabetes. Diabetologia 2004;47:325-330.
  • 38. Qi B, Cao L, Wang L, Zhou J. Study on apoptosis and expression of P53, bcl2, Bax in cardiac myocytys of congestive heart failure induced by ventricular pacing. J Tongji Med Univ 2001;21(3):202-205.
  • 39. Karagül Mİ, Batu A, Aktaş S, Özkaya T, Akar A, Çömelekoğlu Ü, Ovla D. Subkronik 1800 MHz elektromanyetik alan uygulanmasının sıçan tuba uterina ampullası üzerine etkileri. Mersin Univ Saglık Bilim Derg 2017;10(1).
  • 40. Guney M, Ozguner F, Oral B, Karahan N, Mungan T. 900 MHz radiofrequency-induced histopathologic changes and oxidative stress in rat endometrium: protection by vitamins E and C.Toxicol Ind Health 2007; 23(7):411-20.
  • 41. Ozguner M, Koyu A, Cesur G, Ural M, Ozguner F, Gokcimen A, et al. Biological and morphological effects on the reproductive organ of rats after exposure to electromagnetic field. Saudi Med. J 2005;26(3):405–10.
  • 42. Valko M, Leibfritz D, Moncol J, Cronin MT, Mazur M, Telser J. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2007;39(1):44-84.
  • 43. Ludke AR, Sharma AK, Akolkar G, Bajpai G, Singal PK. Downregulation of vitamin C transporter SVCT-2 in doxorubicin-induced cardiomyocyte injury. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2012;303(6):C645-53.
There are 43 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Clinical Sciences
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Halil Aşcı

Mehtap Savran 0000-0002-7933-0453

Nurhan Gümral This is me

Seçuk Çömlekçi

Özlem Özmen

Publication Date March 1, 2020
Submission Date June 28, 2019
Acceptance Date September 12, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 27 Issue: 1

Cite

Vancouver Aşcı H, Savran M, Gümral N, Çömlekçi S, Özmen Ö. Ratlarda 2.45 Ghz Elektromanyetik Alan Kaynaklı Kalp Dokusu Hasarı Üzerine C Vitamininin Koruyucu Etkileri”. Med J SDU. 2020;27(1):23-30.

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