Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

24-36 ay aralığındaki çocukların dil gelişimlerinde babaların rolü

Year 2023, Issue: Ö13, 1435 - 1451, 23.10.2023

Rahime Filiz Ağmaz

https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.1379402

Abstract

Günümüzde babalık rolleri değişmekte ve ebeveynler olarak babalar çocuklarının gelişimleri üzerindeki etkilerinin farkına varmaktadırlar. Bu çalışmanın amacı, 24-36 ay aralığında çocuğu olan babaların çocuklarının dil gelişimlerine katkılarına yönelik deneyimlerini ve görüşlerini incelemektir. Bu çalışma fenomonoloji araştırması olarak desenlenmiştir. Araştırmada verilerin toplanması için yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada katılımcılar kartopu örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunda 24-36 ay aralığında çocuğa sahip, iki ebeveynli ailelerdeki 20 baba yer almaktadır. Çalışmanın verileri içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Babaların çocuklarıyla etkileşimleri sırasında dil gelişimlerinin desteklenmesine ilişkin görüşlerinde en çok oyun oynayarak, sohbet ederek ve kitap okuyarak onların dil gelişimlerini desteklediklerini düşündükleri belirlenmiştir. Çoğunlukla babaların çocuklarıyla yaptıkları etkinlikler sırasında çocuklarının dil gelişimlerinde yeni kelime öğrenme durumları üzerinde etkili olduklarına yönelik görüş belirttikleri belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak ebeveynler özellikle de babalar üzerinde çocuklarının anadil gelişimi hakkında oluşturulacak bir farkındalık çocukların anadillerini doğru kullanmaları açısından katkı sağlayacaktır. Bu sebeple de konu ile ilgili ve alanında uzman kişiler tarafından verilecek eğitimle hem baba-çocuk etkileşimi arttırılacak hem de çocukların dil gelişimleri desteklenecektir.

Keywords

Baba rolü dil gelişimi erken çocukluk dönemi

References

  • Bloom, L. (1993). Language development from two to three. Cambridge University Press.
  • Bridges, A. (1986). Actions and things: What adults talk about to 1-year-olds. Springer Series in Cognitive Development, 225–255. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4844-6_9
  • Brotherson, S., Yamamoto, T., & Acock, A. (2003). Connection and communication in father-child relationships and adolescent child well- being. Fathering: A Journal of Theory, Research, and Practice about Men as Fathers, 1(3), 191–214. https://doi.org/10.3149/fth.0103.191.
  • Chomsky, N. (1959). A review of B. F. Skinner’s verbal behavior. Language, 35, 26-57. https://doi.org/10.2307/411334.
  • Chomsky, N. (2002). On nature and language. Cambridge University Press.
  • Chomsky, N. (2003). Review of verbal behavior by B. F. Skinner. In M. P. Munger, The history of psychology: Fundamental questions (pp. 408–429). Oxford University Press.
  • Chouinard, M. M., Harris, P. L., & Maratsos, M. P. (2007). Children’s questions: A mechanism for cognitive development. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 72(1), 1–129. http://www.jstor.org/stable/30163594.
  • Clarke-Stewart, K. A. (1978). And daddy makes three: The father’s impact on mother and young child. Child Development, 49(2), 466. https://doi.org/10.2307/1128712
  • Creswell, J.W. (2013). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. 4th Edition, SAGE Publications.
  • Çakıcı, D. (2016). Parents’ and English language teachers’ views about early foreign language education in Turkey. Participatory Educational Research, 6(1), 33–42. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.16.spi.1.4
  • Deniz, M. E. (2017). Erken çocukluk döneminde gelişim. Pegem Akademi.
  • Evans, M. D., Kelley, J., & Sikora, J. (2014). Scholarly culture and academic performance in 42 nations. Social Forces, 92(4), 1573–1605. https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/sou030.
  • Faradilla, A., & Daulay, S. H. (2023). Language acquisition process in children aged 4 Years: syntactic development stage. Elite Journal, 5(1), 149-154. http://elitejournal.org/index.php/ELITE/article/view/118
  • Frank, T. J., Keown, L. J., & Sanders, M. R. (2015). Enhancing father engagement and interparental teamwork in an evidence-based parenting intervention: A randomized-controlled trial of outcomes and processes. Behavior Therapy, 46(6), 749–763. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2015.05.008
  • Gardner-Neblett, N., Holochwost, S. J., Gallagher, K. C., Iruka, I. U., Odom, S. L., & Bruno, E. P. (2017). Books and toddlers in child care: Under what conditions are children most engaged? Child & Youth Care Forum, 46(4), 473–493. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10566-017-9391-4.
  • Gözüküçük, M. (2023). Sınıf öğretmenleri, ilkokul öğrencileri ve velilerin çocuk kitabı, oyuncak kitap ve e-kitaba yönelik metaforik algıları. Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 23(2), 855-883. https://doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2023..-1195916
  • Harris, M., Barrett, M., Jones, D., & Brookes, S. (1988). Linguistic input and early word meaning. Journal of Child Language, 15(1), 77–94. https://doi.org/10.1017/s030500090001206x
  • Harrison, K. (1997). Parental training for incarcerated fathers: Effects on attitudes, self-esteem, and children’s self-perceptions. The Journal of Social Psychology, 137(5), 588–593. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224549709595480
  • Hoff, E. (2013). Language development. Cengage Learning.
  • Humphries, H., & Nolan, M. (2015). Evaluation of a brief intervention to assist health visitors and community practitioners to engage with fathers as part of the healthy child initiative. Primary Health Care Research & Development, 16(4), 367-376. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1463423615000031
  • Ishii-Kuntz, M. (1995). Paternal involvement and perception toward fathers’ roles: A comparison between Japan and the United States. Fatherhood: Contemporary Theory, Research, and Social Policy, 103–118. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483327242.n6
  • İlter, B. G., & Er, Ş. (2007). Erken yaşta yabancı dil öğretimi üzerine veli ve öğretmen görüşler. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 15(1), 21-30. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/kefdergi/issue/49108/626693
  • Johnston J. (2010). Factors that influence language development. Encyclopedia on Early Childhood Development [online], 1-6. https://www.child-encyclopedia.com/language-development-and-literacy/according-experts/factors-influence-language- development.
  • Karaağaç, H. G. & Alikılıç, D. (2023). Çocuk edebiyatı ve çocuğa görelik kavramı. Education and Technology in Information Science, 1(1), 58-66. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/etis/issue/79269/1313974
  • Karakuş, H. (2016). Okul öncesi dönemde yabancı dil eğitimi verilmesine ilişkin anne-baba ve öğretmen görüşlerinin incelenmesi. Uluslararası Erken Çocukluk Eğitimi Çalışmaları Dergisi, 1(2), 7-19. http://ijeces.hku.edu.tr/tr/pub/issue/22946/355242
  • Kebir, C., & Özkaya, H. (2023). 16-36 ay arası çocuklarda ekran maruziyetinin dil gelişimi üzerindeki etkisinin araştırılması. Türk Aile Hekimliği Dergisi, 27(2), 21-28. https://doi.org/10.54308/tahd.2023.21033
  • Lamb, M. E. (Ed.). (1987). The father’s role: Cross-cultural perspectives. (pp. 1-25). L. Erlbaum Associates.
  • Lamb, M. E. (Ed.). (2004). The role of the father in child development. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Lamb, M. E., & Tamis-Lemonda, C. S. (2004). The role of the father: An introduction. In Lamb, M. (Ed.), The role of the father in child development, (pp. 1-31). John Wiley & Sons.
  • Lankinen, V., Lähteenmäki, M., Kaljonen, A., & Korpilahti, P. (2018). Father–child activities and paternal attitudes in early child language development: The steps study. Early Child Development and Care, 190(13), 2078–2092. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2018.1557160
  • Levin, K. A., & Currie, C. (2010). Family structure, mother‐child communication, father‐child communication, and adolescent life satisfaction. Health Education, 110(3), 152–168. https://doi.org/10.1108/09654281011038831
  • Lumentut, Y., & Lengkoan, F. (2021). The relationships of psycholinguistics in acquisition and language learning. Journal of English Culture, Language, Literature and Education, 9(1), 17–26. https://doi.org/10.53682/eclue.v9i1.1894
  • Merriam, S. B. (2013). Nitel araştırma desen ve uygulama için bir rehber. (S. Turan, Çev.). Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık
  • Niklas, F., Cohrssen, C., & Tayler, C. (2016). The sooner, the better: Early reading to children. SAGE Open, 6(4), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244016672715
  • Özkul, A. N., & Yazgan, A. D. (2023). Okul öncesi eğitim almakta olan 60-72 ay çocukların dil kullanım becerileri ile ebeveyn tutumları arasındaki ilişki. The Journal of International Educational Sciences, 10(36), 385-408. https://doi.org/10.29228/INESJOURNAL.71006
  • Pancsofar, N., & Vernon-Feagans, L. (2006). Mother and father language input to young children: Contributions to later language development. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 27(6), 571–587. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2006.08.003
  • Pancsofar, N., & Vernon-Feagans, L. (2010). Fathers’ early contributions to children’s language development in families from low-income rural communities. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 25(4), 450–463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2010.02.001
  • Patton, M. Q. (2014). Nitel araştırma ve değerlendirme yöntemleri (M. Bütün & S. B. Demir, Çev.). Pegem Akademi.
  • Peccei, J. S. (2006). Child language: A resource book for students. Routledge.
  • Piaget, J. (1954). The construction of reality in the child. (M. Cook, Trans.). Basic Books. https://doi.org/10.1037/11168-000
  • Pruett, K. D. (1987). The nurturing father. Warner Books.
  • Pruett, K. D. (1998). Role of the father. Pediatrics, 102(Supplement_E1), 1253–1261. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.102.se1.1253
  • Reynolds, E., Vernon-Feagans, L., Bratsch-Hines, M., & Baker, C. E. (2019). Mothers’ and fathers’ language input from 6 to 36 months in rural two-parent-families: Relations to children’s kindergarten achievement. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 47, 385–395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2018.09.002
  • Saban, A. & Ersoy, A. (2019). Eğitimde nitel araştırma desenleri. (3. Baskı). Anı Yayıncılık.
  • Samur, A. Ö., & İnal, G. (2023). Çocuk gözünden nitelikli kitap nitelikli zaman projesi. Euroasia Journal Of Social Sciences & Humanities, 10(31), 83-95. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7942166
  • Stahlschmidt, M. J., Threlfall, J., Seay, K. D., Lewis, E. M., & Kohl, P. L. (2013). Recruiting fathers to parenting programs: Advice from DADS and Fatherhood program providers. Children and Youth Services Review, 35(10), 1734–1741. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2013.07.004
  • Temel, Z. F. (2009). 0-6 Yaş çocuklarında dilin kazanılması. Türk Dili Dil ve Edebiyat Dergisi, 2(572), 715-721. http://bilig.yesevi.edu.tr/yonetim/icerik/makaleler/3420- published.pdf
  • Vygotsky, L. S. (1962). Thought and language. MIT Press.
  • Werker, J. F., Cohen, L. B., Lloyd, V. L., Casasola, M., & Stager, C. L. (1998). Acquisition of word–object associations by 14-month-old infants. Developmental Psychology, 34(6), 1289–1309. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.34.6.1289
  • Wilson, K. R., & Prior, M. R. (2011). Father involvement and child well-being. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 47(7), 405–407. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1754.2010.01770.x
  • Yıldırım, A. & Şimşek, H. (2021). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. (12. Baskı). Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Yont, K. M., Snow, C. E., & Vernon-Feagans, L. (2003). The role of context in mother–child interactions: An analysis of communicative intents expressed during toy play and book reading with 12-month-olds. Journal of Pragmatics, 35(3), 435–454. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-2166(02)00144-3

Year 2023, Issue: Ö13, 1435 - 1451, 23.10.2023

Rahime Filiz Ağmaz

https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.1379402

Abstract

References

  • Bloom, L. (1993). Language development from two to three. Cambridge University Press.
  • Bridges, A. (1986). Actions and things: What adults talk about to 1-year-olds. Springer Series in Cognitive Development, 225–255. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4844-6_9
  • Brotherson, S., Yamamoto, T., & Acock, A. (2003). Connection and communication in father-child relationships and adolescent child well- being. Fathering: A Journal of Theory, Research, and Practice about Men as Fathers, 1(3), 191–214. https://doi.org/10.3149/fth.0103.191.
  • Chomsky, N. (1959). A review of B. F. Skinner’s verbal behavior. Language, 35, 26-57. https://doi.org/10.2307/411334.
  • Chomsky, N. (2002). On nature and language. Cambridge University Press.
  • Chomsky, N. (2003). Review of verbal behavior by B. F. Skinner. In M. P. Munger, The history of psychology: Fundamental questions (pp. 408–429). Oxford University Press.
  • Chouinard, M. M., Harris, P. L., & Maratsos, M. P. (2007). Children’s questions: A mechanism for cognitive development. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 72(1), 1–129. http://www.jstor.org/stable/30163594.
  • Clarke-Stewart, K. A. (1978). And daddy makes three: The father’s impact on mother and young child. Child Development, 49(2), 466. https://doi.org/10.2307/1128712
  • Creswell, J.W. (2013). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. 4th Edition, SAGE Publications.
  • Çakıcı, D. (2016). Parents’ and English language teachers’ views about early foreign language education in Turkey. Participatory Educational Research, 6(1), 33–42. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.16.spi.1.4
  • Deniz, M. E. (2017). Erken çocukluk döneminde gelişim. Pegem Akademi.
  • Evans, M. D., Kelley, J., & Sikora, J. (2014). Scholarly culture and academic performance in 42 nations. Social Forces, 92(4), 1573–1605. https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/sou030.
  • Faradilla, A., & Daulay, S. H. (2023). Language acquisition process in children aged 4 Years: syntactic development stage. Elite Journal, 5(1), 149-154. http://elitejournal.org/index.php/ELITE/article/view/118
  • Frank, T. J., Keown, L. J., & Sanders, M. R. (2015). Enhancing father engagement and interparental teamwork in an evidence-based parenting intervention: A randomized-controlled trial of outcomes and processes. Behavior Therapy, 46(6), 749–763. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2015.05.008
  • Gardner-Neblett, N., Holochwost, S. J., Gallagher, K. C., Iruka, I. U., Odom, S. L., & Bruno, E. P. (2017). Books and toddlers in child care: Under what conditions are children most engaged? Child & Youth Care Forum, 46(4), 473–493. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10566-017-9391-4.
  • Gözüküçük, M. (2023). Sınıf öğretmenleri, ilkokul öğrencileri ve velilerin çocuk kitabı, oyuncak kitap ve e-kitaba yönelik metaforik algıları. Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 23(2), 855-883. https://doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2023..-1195916
  • Harris, M., Barrett, M., Jones, D., & Brookes, S. (1988). Linguistic input and early word meaning. Journal of Child Language, 15(1), 77–94. https://doi.org/10.1017/s030500090001206x
  • Harrison, K. (1997). Parental training for incarcerated fathers: Effects on attitudes, self-esteem, and children’s self-perceptions. The Journal of Social Psychology, 137(5), 588–593. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224549709595480
  • Hoff, E. (2013). Language development. Cengage Learning.
  • Humphries, H., & Nolan, M. (2015). Evaluation of a brief intervention to assist health visitors and community practitioners to engage with fathers as part of the healthy child initiative. Primary Health Care Research & Development, 16(4), 367-376. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1463423615000031
  • Ishii-Kuntz, M. (1995). Paternal involvement and perception toward fathers’ roles: A comparison between Japan and the United States. Fatherhood: Contemporary Theory, Research, and Social Policy, 103–118. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483327242.n6
  • İlter, B. G., & Er, Ş. (2007). Erken yaşta yabancı dil öğretimi üzerine veli ve öğretmen görüşler. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 15(1), 21-30. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/kefdergi/issue/49108/626693
  • Johnston J. (2010). Factors that influence language development. Encyclopedia on Early Childhood Development [online], 1-6. https://www.child-encyclopedia.com/language-development-and-literacy/according-experts/factors-influence-language- development.
  • Karaağaç, H. G. & Alikılıç, D. (2023). Çocuk edebiyatı ve çocuğa görelik kavramı. Education and Technology in Information Science, 1(1), 58-66. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/etis/issue/79269/1313974
  • Karakuş, H. (2016). Okul öncesi dönemde yabancı dil eğitimi verilmesine ilişkin anne-baba ve öğretmen görüşlerinin incelenmesi. Uluslararası Erken Çocukluk Eğitimi Çalışmaları Dergisi, 1(2), 7-19. http://ijeces.hku.edu.tr/tr/pub/issue/22946/355242
  • Kebir, C., & Özkaya, H. (2023). 16-36 ay arası çocuklarda ekran maruziyetinin dil gelişimi üzerindeki etkisinin araştırılması. Türk Aile Hekimliği Dergisi, 27(2), 21-28. https://doi.org/10.54308/tahd.2023.21033
  • Lamb, M. E. (Ed.). (1987). The father’s role: Cross-cultural perspectives. (pp. 1-25). L. Erlbaum Associates.
  • Lamb, M. E. (Ed.). (2004). The role of the father in child development. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Lamb, M. E., & Tamis-Lemonda, C. S. (2004). The role of the father: An introduction. In Lamb, M. (Ed.), The role of the father in child development, (pp. 1-31). John Wiley & Sons.
  • Lankinen, V., Lähteenmäki, M., Kaljonen, A., & Korpilahti, P. (2018). Father–child activities and paternal attitudes in early child language development: The steps study. Early Child Development and Care, 190(13), 2078–2092. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2018.1557160
  • Levin, K. A., & Currie, C. (2010). Family structure, mother‐child communication, father‐child communication, and adolescent life satisfaction. Health Education, 110(3), 152–168. https://doi.org/10.1108/09654281011038831
  • Lumentut, Y., & Lengkoan, F. (2021). The relationships of psycholinguistics in acquisition and language learning. Journal of English Culture, Language, Literature and Education, 9(1), 17–26. https://doi.org/10.53682/eclue.v9i1.1894
  • Merriam, S. B. (2013). Nitel araştırma desen ve uygulama için bir rehber. (S. Turan, Çev.). Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık
  • Niklas, F., Cohrssen, C., & Tayler, C. (2016). The sooner, the better: Early reading to children. SAGE Open, 6(4), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244016672715
  • Özkul, A. N., & Yazgan, A. D. (2023). Okul öncesi eğitim almakta olan 60-72 ay çocukların dil kullanım becerileri ile ebeveyn tutumları arasındaki ilişki. The Journal of International Educational Sciences, 10(36), 385-408. https://doi.org/10.29228/INESJOURNAL.71006
  • Pancsofar, N., & Vernon-Feagans, L. (2006). Mother and father language input to young children: Contributions to later language development. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 27(6), 571–587. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2006.08.003
  • Pancsofar, N., & Vernon-Feagans, L. (2010). Fathers’ early contributions to children’s language development in families from low-income rural communities. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 25(4), 450–463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2010.02.001
  • Patton, M. Q. (2014). Nitel araştırma ve değerlendirme yöntemleri (M. Bütün & S. B. Demir, Çev.). Pegem Akademi.
  • Peccei, J. S. (2006). Child language: A resource book for students. Routledge.
  • Piaget, J. (1954). The construction of reality in the child. (M. Cook, Trans.). Basic Books. https://doi.org/10.1037/11168-000
  • Pruett, K. D. (1987). The nurturing father. Warner Books.
  • Pruett, K. D. (1998). Role of the father. Pediatrics, 102(Supplement_E1), 1253–1261. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.102.se1.1253
  • Reynolds, E., Vernon-Feagans, L., Bratsch-Hines, M., & Baker, C. E. (2019). Mothers’ and fathers’ language input from 6 to 36 months in rural two-parent-families: Relations to children’s kindergarten achievement. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 47, 385–395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2018.09.002
  • Saban, A. & Ersoy, A. (2019). Eğitimde nitel araştırma desenleri. (3. Baskı). Anı Yayıncılık.
  • Samur, A. Ö., & İnal, G. (2023). Çocuk gözünden nitelikli kitap nitelikli zaman projesi. Euroasia Journal Of Social Sciences & Humanities, 10(31), 83-95. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7942166
  • Stahlschmidt, M. J., Threlfall, J., Seay, K. D., Lewis, E. M., & Kohl, P. L. (2013). Recruiting fathers to parenting programs: Advice from DADS and Fatherhood program providers. Children and Youth Services Review, 35(10), 1734–1741. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2013.07.004
  • Temel, Z. F. (2009). 0-6 Yaş çocuklarında dilin kazanılması. Türk Dili Dil ve Edebiyat Dergisi, 2(572), 715-721. http://bilig.yesevi.edu.tr/yonetim/icerik/makaleler/3420- published.pdf
  • Vygotsky, L. S. (1962). Thought and language. MIT Press.
  • Werker, J. F., Cohen, L. B., Lloyd, V. L., Casasola, M., & Stager, C. L. (1998). Acquisition of word–object associations by 14-month-old infants. Developmental Psychology, 34(6), 1289–1309. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.34.6.1289
  • Wilson, K. R., & Prior, M. R. (2011). Father involvement and child well-being. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 47(7), 405–407. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1754.2010.01770.x
  • Yıldırım, A. & Şimşek, H. (2021). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. (12. Baskı). Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Yont, K. M., Snow, C. E., & Vernon-Feagans, L. (2003). The role of context in mother–child interactions: An analysis of communicative intents expressed during toy play and book reading with 12-month-olds. Journal of Pragmatics, 35(3), 435–454. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-2166(02)00144-3
There are 52 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Child Language Acquisition
Journal Section World languages and litertures
Authors

Rahime Filiz Ağmaz

Publication Date October 23, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Issue: Ö13

Cite

APA Ağmaz, R. F. (2023). 24-36 ay aralığındaki çocukların dil gelişimlerinde babaların rolü. RumeliDE Dil Ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi(Ö13), 1435-1451. https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.1379402
 Download Cover Image

RumeliDE Journal of Language and Literature Studies is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY NC).