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Masculinity and Seeking Psychological Help: A Review Based on Social Identity Theory

Year 2023, Volume: 15 Issue: 4, 677 - 686, 25.12.2023

Adem Kantar İlhan Yalçın

https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1227948
Cited By: 3

Abstract

To improve their quality of life and mental health, people need psychological help. Past research revealed that although participants reported low levels of life satisfaction, they were hesitant to seek psychological help. In the literature, this situation has been defined as mental health treatment gap. In this context, research focuses on reducing the treatment gap by identifying factors that facilitate and hinder seeking psychological help. Many studies consistently report that men are more reluctant to seek psychological help than women. Therefore, there is a need for a more detailed examination of the factors that affect men's reluctance to seek psychological help. Based on this fact, the study's primary purpose is to provide enlightening information about why men avoid seeking psychological help and the factors that encourage them to seek help. In this study, masculinity's role in seeking help is emphasized in the context of Social Identity Theory. However, past research findings on situations and contexts in which men are willing to seek psychological help are presented. Practitioners and researchers in the mental health field, such as psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and psychological counselors, can learn a lot from the review's opinions on the role of traditional masculine norms in seeking psychological help.

Keywords

Masculinity Psychological help-seeking Social Identity Theory

References

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Erkeklik ve Psikolojik Yardım Arama: Sosyal Kimlik Kuramı Temelli Bir Derleme

Year 2023, Volume: 15 Issue: 4, 677 - 686, 25.12.2023

Adem Kantar İlhan Yalçın

https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1227948
Cited By: 3

Abstract

Bireylerin ihtiyaç duyduklarında psikolojik yardım almaları hem akıl sağlıkları hem de yaşam kaliteleri açısından önem arz etmektedir. Psikolojik yardım alma davranışına ilişkin yapılan araştırmalarda katılımcıların yaşam memnuniyet düzeylerini düşük olarak belirtmelerine rağmen yardım arama konusunda çekimser tavırlar sergiledikleri ortaya konulmuştur. Alanyazında bu durum, ruh sağlığı tedavi boşluğu (mental health treatment gap) olarak tanımlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda araştırmalar, psikolojik yardım aramayı kolaylaştıran ve engelleyen faktörleri belirleyerek tedavi boşluğunu azaltmaya odaklanmıştır. Hem ulusal hem de yurt dışı alanyazında kadınlara kıyasla erkeklerin psikolojik yardım alma konusunda daha isteksiz davrandıklarını bildiren tutarlı araştırma bulguları bulunmaktadır. Bu nedenle, erkeklerin psikolojik yardım arama konusundaki isteksizlikleri üzerinde etkili olan faktörlerin daha detaylı incelenmesine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu çerçeveden hareketle çalışmanın temel amacı, erkeklerin psikolojik yardım almaktan kaçınmalarına neden olan faktörler ve yardım almalarını teşvik eden faktörler hakkında bilgiler sunmaktır. Bu ana amaçtan hareketle çalışmada, Sosyal Kimlik Kuramı bağlamında erkekliğin psikolojik yardım arama sürecindeki rolü üzerinde durulmuştur. Bununla birlikte, erkeklerin psikolojik yardım aramaya istekli oldukları durum ve bağlamlar hakkında geçmiş araştırma bulguları sunulmuştur. Derleme çalışmasının, ruh sağlığı alanında çalışan psikiyatrist, psikolog, sosyal hizmet uzmanı ve psikolojik danışman gibi uygulayıcılar ve araştırmacılar için geleneksel eril normların, psikolojik yardım alma sürecindeki rollerine ilişkin aydınlatıcı fikirler sunacağı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Erkeklik Psikolojik Yardım Arama Sosyal Kimlik Kuramı

References

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  • Addis ME, Reigeluth CS, Schwab JR (2016) Social norms, social construction, and the psychology of men and masculinity. In APA Handbook for the Psychology of Men and Masculinities (Eds SR Wester, J Wong): 81-104. Washington DC, American Psychological Association.
  • Akçay S (2018) Aslında Güçlü Değilmişim: Erkeklerin Ruhsal Hastalık Deneyimleri. Ankara, Nika Yayınevi.
  • Aruta JJBR, Maria A, Mascarenhas J (2022) Self-compassion promotes mental help-seeking in older, not in younger, counselors. Curr Psychol, doi: 10.1007/s12144-022-03054-6.
  • Atik G, Yalçın İ (2011) Help-seeking attitudes of university students: The role of personality traits and demographic factors. S Afr J Psychol, 41:328-338.
  • Bolak-Boratav H Okman-Fişek G, Eslen-Ziya H (2017) Erkekliğin Türkiye Halleri. İstanbul, Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Booth NR, McDermott RC, Cheng HL, Borgogna NC (2019) Masculine gender role stress and self-stigma of seeking help: The moderating of self-compassion and self-coldness. J Couns Psychol, 66:755-762.
  • Bosson JK, Vandello JA (2013) Manhood, womanhood, and the importance of context: A reply to commentaries. Psychol Men Masc, 14:125–128.
  • Brannon R, Juni S (1984) A scale for measuring attitudes about masculinity. Psychological Documents, 14:573-607.
  • Buscemi J, Murphy JG, Martens MP, McDevitt-Murphy ME, Dennhardt AA, Skidmore JR (2010) Help-seeking for alcohol-related problems in college students: Correlates and preferred resources. Psychol Addict Behav, 24:571–580.
  • Connell RW (2019) Erkeklikler (Çev. Ç Konukcu). İstanbul, Phoenix Yayınevi.
  • Corney RH (1990) Sex differences in general practice attendance and help seeking for minor illness. J Psychosom Res, 34:525–534.
  • Courtenay WH (2000) Behavioural factors associated with disease, injury, and death among men: Evidence and implications for prevention. J Mens Stud, 9:81-142.
  • Çamaş G (2017) Üniversite öğrencilerinde psikolojik yardım aramaya ilişkin damgalama düzeylerinin özyeterlik aile bütünlük duygusu ve sosyal destek ile ilişkisi (Yüksek lisans tezi). Ankara, Ankara Üniversitesi.
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  • Demyan AL, Anderson T (2012) Effects of a brief media intervention on expectations, attitudes, and intentions of mental health help seeking. J Couns Psychol, 59:222–229.
  • Dschaak ZA, Spiker DA, Berney EC, Miller ME, Hammer JH (2021) Collegian help seeking: the role of self-compassion and self-coldness. J Ment Health, 30:284-291.
  • Eagly AH, Crowley M (1986) Gender and helping behavior. a meta-analytic review of the social psychological literature. Psychol Bull, 100:283-308.
  • Eisenberg D, Hunt J, Speer N (2012) Help seeking for mental health on college campuses: review of evidence and next steps for research and practice. Harv Rev Psychiatry, 20:222–232.
  • Erdoğan E (2017) Türkiye'de Gençlerin İyi Olma Hali Saha Araştırması Bulguları. İstanbul, Habitat Derneği.
  • Erkan S, Özbay Y, Cihangir Çankaya Z, Terzi Ş (2012) Üniversite öğrencilerinin yaşadıkları problemler ve psikolojik yardım arama gönüllülükleri. Eğitim ve Bilim, 37:94-107.
  • Feder J, Levant RF, Dean J (2010) Boys and violence: A gender-informed analysis. Psychol Violence, 1:3–12.
  • Fonseca AJ (2010) Salem health psychology & mental health. In Men's Mental Health (Eds. NA Piotrowski). Pasadena, CA, Salem Press.
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There are 102 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Psychology, Behaviour-Personality Assessment in Psychology
Journal Section Review
Authors

Adem Kantar 0000-0001-8486-9376

İlhan Yalçın 0000-0002-6407-9606

Publication Date December 25, 2023
Acceptance Date April 1, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 15 Issue: 4

Cite

AMA Kantar A, Yalçın İ. Masculinity and Seeking Psychological Help: A Review Based on Social Identity Theory. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry. December 2023;15(4):677-686. doi:10.18863/pgy.1227948

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