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Çocuk Cinsel İstismarını Önleme Programlarında Ebeveyn Eğitimi

Year 2022, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 247 - 254, 30.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.983264

Abstract

Çocukları cinsel istismardan korumak yetişkinlerin sorumluluğundadır. Bu nedenle çocukların ilk bakımını sağlayan ve her alanda gelişiminin destekleyen kişiler olan ebeveynlerin bilinçlenmesi ayrıca önemlidir. Ebeveynler çocukları cinsel eğitim verme ve cinsel istismardan koruma noktasında ebeveynlerin doğru kaynaklardan bilgi edinmesi gerekmektedir. Ebeveynlerin bu konuda bilgilerinin kısıtlı olması, endişe hissetmeleri, nasıl konuşabileceklerini bilmemeleri çocuklarıyla cinsel istismar konusunda konuşmalarını engelleyebilir. Böylece çocukların korunmaya yönelik farkındalık kazanmaları bir kurumda eğitime başlayana kadar ötelenmiş olacaktır. Ayrıca çocuğun maruz kaldığı geçmişte maruz kaldığı veya gelecekte olası bir cinsel istismar durumunda ebeveynleriyle konuşması zor bir hale gelebilir. Dolayısıyla ebeveynlerin uzmanlar tarafından hazırlanan eğitimlerle farkındalık kazanmaları oldukça önemlidir. Bu programlarda cinsel istismarın ne olduğu, cinsel istismara maruz kalan çocuğa nasıl tepki verecekleri, aile güvenlik planın oluşturulması, aile içi açık iletişimin kurulması gibi konulara yer verilerek ebeveynler bilinçlendirilebilir. Bu derleme çalışmasında cinsel istismarın ne olduğundan, ebeveynlerin önleme çalışmalarındaki öneminden ve ebeveynlerin dâhil olduğu cinsel istismarı önleme programlarından bahsedilmiştir. Böylece ebeveynlerin cinsel istismarı önlemedeki önemi ve onlara yönelik programlarda neler yer alabileceğine ilişkin farkındalık oluşabileceği düşünülmektedir.

References

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  • Barron, I. G., & Topping, K.J. (2013) Exploratory evaluation of a school-based child sexual abuse prevention program, Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 22(8), 931-948, https://doi.org/10.1080/10538712.2013.841788
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Parent Education in Child Sexual Abuse Prevention Programs

Year 2022, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 247 - 254, 30.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.983264

Abstract

It is the responsibility of adults to protect children from sexual abuse. Thus, raising parents' awareness is particularly important since they are the ones who take care of the child and support his/her development in every field. Parents need to acquire information from authentic sources in terms of sexual education of children and protection of them from sexual abuse. That parents have limited knowledge on this subject, feel anxious, or do not know how to talk may prevent them from talking to their kids about sexual abuse. Thus, children's awareness about protection is postponed until they enter an educational institute. It may also become difficult for children to talk to their parents in case of possible sexual abuse. Therefore, it is crucial for parents to increase their awareness through training prepared by experts. In these training programs, awareness of parents can be raised about topics like what sexual abuse is, how to approach a child who experienced sexual abuse, creating an intrafamilial safety plan, and intrafamilial open communication. This review study includes issues of what sexual abuse is, the importance of parents in prevention studies, and sexual abuse prevention programs in which parents take part. As a conclusion, it is thought that awareness can be raised about the importance of parents to prevent sexual abuse and what can be included in programs designed for them.

References

  • Akdoğan, H. (2005). Çocuğun cinsel istismarı ve Türkiye’de çocuk cinsel istismarını önlemeye yönelik çalışmalar. Polis Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(1), 1-15.
  • Akgül, E., Darak, S., Şişman, F. N., & Ergun, A. (2021). Hemşire Liderli Bedenimin Kahramanıyım programının çocukların cinsel istismar bilgi düzeylerine etkisi: Yarı deneysel çalışma. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing,12(2):156-164. https://doi.org/10.14744/phd.2021.54775
  • Arata, C.M. (2000). From child victim to adult victim: A model for predicting sexual revictimization. Child Maltreatment, 5(1), 28-38. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077559500005001004
  • Aytar Taner, H. , Çetin, F. H., Işık, Y., & İşeri, E. (2015). Cinsel istismara uğrayan çocuk ve ergenlerde psikopatoloji ve ilişkili risk etkenleri. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 16(4), 294-300.
  • Barron, I. G., & Topping, K.J. (2013) Exploratory evaluation of a school-based child sexual abuse prevention program, Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 22(8), 931-948, https://doi.org/10.1080/10538712.2013.841788
  • Bifulco, A., Brown G.W., & Adler, Z. (1991).Early sexual abuse and clinical depression in adult life. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 159:115-22. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.159.1.115.
  • Bebbington, P., Jonas, S., Kuipers, E., King, M., Cooper, C., Brugha, T., Meltzer, H. & McManus, S. & Jenkins, R. (2011). Childhood sexual abuse and psychosis: Data from a cross-sectional national psychiatric survey in England. British Journal of Psychiatry, 199(1), 29-37. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.110.083642
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  • Boudewyn, A.C., & Liem, J.H. (1995). Childhood sexual abuse as a precursor to depression and self-destructive behavior in adulthood. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 8: 445-459 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02102969
  • Brown, J., & Saied- Tessier, A. (2015). Preventing child sexual abuse: Towards a national strategy for England. NSPCC.
  • Chou, K. L. (2012). Childhood sexual abuse and psychiatric disorders in middle-aged and older adults: evidence from the 2007 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 73(11), e1365-e1371. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.12m07946
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  • Conte, J.R., Rosen, C., Saperstein, L., & Shermack R. (1985). An evaluation of a program to prevent the sexual victimization of young children. Child Abuse & Neglect, 9(3),319-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/0145-2134(85)90027-4.
  • Couincil of Europe, (2014). The underwear rule. http://ondergoedregel.nl/howto_tr.asp
  • Çeçen, A. R. (2007). Çocuk cinsel istismarı: Sıklığı, etkileri ve okul temelli önleme yolları. Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, 1(4), 1-17.
  • Çeçen Eroğul, A. R., & Kaf Hasırcı, Ö. (2013). İlköğretim birinci kademe öğrencilerine yönelik geliştirilen cinsel istismarı önleme psiko-eğitim programının etkililiğinin sınanması. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Bilimleri, 13(2), 719-729.
  • Çıkılı Uytun, M., & Öztop, D. B. (2016). Cinsel istismar mağduru çocuk ve ergenlerin psikiyatrik takip durumlarının değerlendirilmesi. Yeni Symposium, 54(3), 18-24. https://doi.org/10.5455/NYS.201606020
  • Çıtak Tunç, G., Gorak, G., Özyazıcıoğlu, N., Ak, B., Işıl, O., Vural, P. (2018). Preventing child sexual abuse: Body Safety Training for young children in Turkey. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 27(4), 347–364. https://doi.org/10.1080/10538712.2018.1477001
  • Dahlberg, L. L., & Krug, E. G. (2002). Violence: a global public health problem. In E. G. Krug, L. L. Dahlberg, J. A. Mercy, A. B. Zwi, & R. Lozano (Eds.), World report on violence and health (pp. 1–56). World Health Organization.
  • Darkness to Light (2019). Stewards of children. https://www.d2l.org/education/stewards-of-children/
  • Deblinger, E., Thakkar-Kolar, R. R., Berry, E. J., & Schroeder, C. M. (2010). Caregivers’ efforts to educate their children about child sexual abuse: A replication study. Child Maltreatment, 15(1), 91-100. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077559509337408
  • Duffy, C., Keenan,M. & Dillenburger,K.(2006). Diagnosing child sex abuse: A fesearch challenge. International Journal of Behavioral Consultation and Therapy,2(2), 150-173.
  • Elrod, J. M., & Rubin, R. H. (1993). Parental involvement in sexual abuse prevention education. Child abuse & neglect, 17(4), 527-538. https://doi.org/10.1016/0145-2134(93)90027-3
  • Eslek, D. (2018). Erken ergenlik döneminde çocuk cinsel istismarını önleme programının etkililiğinin incelenmesi. [Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Ege Üniversitesi İzmir, Türkiye. Ulusal Tez Merkezi.
  • Finkelhor, D. (1994). Current information on the scope and nature of child sexual abuse. The Future of Children, 4(2), 31–53. https://doi.org/10.2307/1602522
  • Fletcher, K. (2021). A systematic review of the relationship between child sexual abuse and substance use ıssues. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 30 (3), 258-277. https://doi.org/10.1080/10538712.2020.1801937
  • Guastaferro, K., Zadzora, K. M., Reader, J. M., Shanley, J., & Noll, J. G. (2019). A parent-focused child sexual abuse prevention program: development, acceptability, and feasibility. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 28(7), 1862-1877. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-019-01410-y
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Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Psychology
Journal Section Review
Authors

Tuğba Türk Kurtça 0000-0002-4361-3769

Publication Date June 30, 2022
Acceptance Date November 12, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 14 Issue: 2

Cite

AMA Türk Kurtça T. Çocuk Cinsel İstismarını Önleme Programlarında Ebeveyn Eğitimi. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry. June 2022;14(2):247-254. doi:10.18863/pgy.983264

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