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Sayısal renk parametreleri ile toprak özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiye toprak horizonlarının etkisi

Year 2021, Volume: 34 Issue: 1, 125 - 133, 01.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.29136/mediterranean.746628

Abstract

Toprak rengi, morfolojik, fiziksel, kimyasal ve mineralojik özellikler hakkında önemli bir veri kaynağıdır. Bu nedenle toprak bilimcileri, toprak horizon sınırlarının belirlenmesinde, renkteki farklıklardan faydalanmaktadırlar. Bu araştırmanın amacı A ve C horizonlarından alınan toprakların bazı fiziksel-kimyasal özellikleri ile sayısal renk parametreleri (L, a ve b) arasındaki ilişkiye etkisini belirlemektir. Alüviyal arazinin üst ve alt zonlarında bulunan 17 toprak profilinin A ve C horizonlarından toplam 91 adet toprak örneği alınmıştır. Toprak örneklerinde sayısal renk parametre değerleri (L, a ve b), tekstür, pH, elektriksel iletkenlik, kireç, organik madde, değişebilir K, Na, Ca+Mg, katyon değişim kapasitesi analizleri yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, Toprağın A horizonlarında L değeri ile pH (0.77**) ve kireç (0.82**) arasında, a değeri ile kum (0.54**), Ca+Mg (-0.65**) ve KDK (-0.65**) arasında ve b değeri ile kum (0.52**), Ca+ Mg (-0.55**) ve KDK (-0.56**) arasında önemli korelasyon olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Toprağın C horizonlarında L değeri ile silt (0.57**), pH (0.65**), kireç (0.81**) ve K (-0.50**), a değeri ile kil (-0.58**) ve kum (0.48**) arasında ve b değeri ile kil (-0.55**) ve kireç (0.68**) arasında önemli korelasyon olduğu bulunmuştur. Çoklu doğrusal regresyon analiz sonuçlarına göre; A horizonlarında L ve a değerleri ile pH (R2= 0.68) ve a ve b değerleri ile kireç (R2= 0.73) içeriğinin, C horizonlarında ise L, a ve b değerleri ile kireç içeriğinin tespit edilebileceği belirlenmiştir. Sayısal renk parametrelerinin (L, a ve b), pH ve kireç içeriğinin belirlenmesinde güvenilir bir şekilde kullanılabileceği ancak, bu performansın horizon farklılığından da (A ve C) etkilendiği belirlenmiştir.

References

  • Aitkenhead MJ, Coull M, Towers W, Hudson G, Black HIJ (2013) Prediction of soil characteristics and colour using data from the National Soils Inventory of Scotland. Geoderma 200: 99-107.
  • Barret LR (2002) Spectrophotometric color measurement in situ in well drained sandy soils. Geoderma 108: 49-77.
  • Baumann K, Schöning I, Schrumpf M, Ellerbrock RH, Leinweber P (2016) Rapid assessment of soil organic matter: Soil color analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Geoderma 278: 49-57.
  • Black CA (1965) Methods of Soil Analysis Part 2, Amer. Society of Agronomy Inc., Publisher Madisson, Wisconsin, U.S.A., 1372-1376.
  • Bouyoucos GJ (1955) A recalibration of the hydrometer method for making mechanical analysis of the soils. Agronomy Journal 4(9): 434.
  • Budak M, Gunal H (2016) Visible and near infrared spectroscopy techniques for determination of some physical and chemical properties in Kazova watershed. Advances in Environmental Biology 10(5): 61-73.
  • Budak M, Günal H, Süer M, Akbaş F (2018) Sayısal renk parametrelerinden bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal toprak özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi 22(3): 376-389.
  • Fan Z, Herrick JE, Saltzman R, Matteis C, Yudina A, Nocella N, Crawford E, Parker R, Van Zee J (2017) Measurement of Soil Color: A Comparison Between Smartphone Camera and the Munsell Color Charts. Soil Science Society of America Journal 81(5): 1139-1146.
  • Fang XM, Ono Y, Fukusawa H, Pan BT, Li JJ, Guan DH, Oi K, Tsukamoto S, Torii M, Mishima T (1999) Asian summer monsoon instability during the past 60.000 years: magnetic susceptibility and pedogenic evidence from the western Chinese Loess Plateau. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 168: 219-232.
  • Gözükara G, Altunbaş S, Sarı M (2019) Mekansal değişimin alüviyal fanlar üzerinde oluşan toprakların özelliklerine etkisi. Mediterrenean Agricultural Sciences 32(3): 425-435.
  • Gözükara G, Altunbaş S, Sarı M (2020) Zamansal ve mekansal değişimlerin eski göl tabanlarındaki toprak oluşumu, gelişimi ve morfolojisi üzerine etkisi. Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi 24(1): 96-110.
  • Gozukara G, Zhang Y, Hartemink AE (2021) Using vis-NIR and pXRF data to distinguish soil parent materials – an example using 136 pedons from Wisconsin, USA. Geoderma 396: 115091.
  • Günal H, Erşahin S, Yetgin B, Kutlu B (2008) Use of chroma-meter measured color parameters in estimating color related soil variables. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 39(6): 726-740.
  • Hartemink AE, Minasny B (2014) Towards digital soil morphometrics. Geoderma 230-231.
  • Jackson MC (1967) Soil chemical analysis. Prentice Hall of India Private’Limited. New Delhi.
  • Ji JF, Chen J, Balsam W, Liu LW (2007) Quantitative analysis of hematite and goethite in the Chinese loess–paleosol sequences and its implication for dry and humid variability. Quaternary Sciences 27: 221-229.
  • Kacar B (1995) Bitki ve toprağın kimyasal analizler: III. Toprak Analizleri. A. Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Geliştirme Vakfı Yayınları No: 3.
  • Lê S, Josse J, Husson F (2008) FactoMineR: An R Package for Multivariate Analysis. Journal of Statistical Software 25(1): 1-18.
  • Moritsuka N, Matsuoka K, Katsura K, Sano S, Yanai J (2014) Soil color analysis for statistically estimating total carbon. Total nitrogen and active iron contents in Japanese agricultural soils. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 60(4): 475-485.
  • Post DF, Levine SJ, Bryant RB, Mays MD, Batchily AK, Escadafal R, Huete AR (1993) Correlations between field and laboratory measurements of soil color. In: Bigham. J.M.. Ciolkosz. E.J. (Eds.). Soil Color. Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI., pp. 35-50.
  • Pretorius ML, Van Huyssteen C, Brown LR (2017) Soil color indicates carbon and wetlands: developing a color-proxy for soil organic carbon and wetland boundaries on sandy coastal plains in South Africa. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 189(11): 556.
  • Rice TD, Nickerson D, O'Neal AM Thorp J (1941) Preliminary color-standards and color names for soil. Miscellaneous Publication 425: 1-12.
  • Schulze DG, Nagel JL, Van Scoyoc GE, Henderson TL, Baumgardner MF, Stott DE (1993) Soil color. In: Bigham JM, Ciolkosz EJ (Eds), Significance of organic matter in determining soil colors. Soil Science Society of America Special Publications, Madison, pp. 71-90.
  • Shen ZX, Cao JJ, Zhang XY, Arimoto R, Ji JF, Balsam WL, Wang YQ, Zhang RJ, Li XX (2006) Spectroscopic analysis of iron-oxide minerals in aerosol particles from northern China. Science of the Total Environment 367: 899-907.
  • Simonson RW (1993) Soil color standards and terms for field use history of their development. In: In: Bigham. J.M.. Ciolkosz. E.J. (Eds.). Soil Color. SSSA Spec. Publ.. vol. 31. Soil Science Society of America. Madison. WI. pp. 1–20. doi: 10.2136/sssaspecpub31.
  • Soil Survey Staff (1993) Soil survey manual. Agricultural Handbook 18 Government Printing Office. Washington. DC.
  • Soil Survey Staff (2010) Soil Taxonomy. 11th ed. USDA National Resources Conservation Services. Washington DC.
  • Soil Survey Staff (2014) Keys to Soil Taxonomy. Twelfth Edition Edition, United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service ISBN 0-16-048848-6. Washington DC.
  • Şimşek O, Altunbaş S, Demirel BÇ, Gözükara G (2020) Alüviyal fizyografyalar üzerinde gelişen farklı topraklarda arazi değerlendirme çalışmaları. Mediterrenean Agricultural Sciences 33(1): 129-135.
  • Thwaites R (2002) Color. In: Lal. R. (ed.) Encyclopedia of Soil Science. Marcel Dekkers. Inc., pp. 211-214.
  • Torrent J, Schwertmann U, Schulze DG (1980) Iron oxide mineralogy of some soils of two river terrace sequences in Spain. Geoderma 23: 191-208.
  • Torrent J, Barrón V (1993) Soil color. In: Bigham JM, Ciolkosz EJ (Eds), Laboratory measurement of soil color: Theory and practice. Soil Science Society of America Special Publications, Madison, pp. 21-33.
  • Vodyanitskii YN, Kirillova NP (2016) Application of the CIE-L* a* b* system to characterize soil color. Eurasian Soil Science 49(11): 1259-1268.
  • Zhang Y, Hartemink AE (2019) A method for automated soil horizon delineation using digital images. Geoderma 343: 97-115.

Effect of soil horizons on the relationship between digital color parameters and soil properties

Year 2021, Volume: 34 Issue: 1, 125 - 133, 01.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.29136/mediterranean.746628

Abstract

Soil color is an important data source about the morphological, physical, chemical and mineralogical properties of the soil. Therefore, soil scientists benefit significantly from soil color differences in determining the boundaries of soil horizons in field conditions. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of soils taken from A and C horizons on the relationship between some physical-chemical properties and digital color parameters (L, a and b). Ninety-one soil samples were taken from the A and C horizons of 17 soil profiles in the upper and lower zones of the alluvial land. Digital color parameters (L, a and b), texture, pH, electrical conductivity, lime, organic matter, exchangeable K, Na, Ca+Mg, cation exchange capacity (CEC) analyzes were performed in soil samples. A significant correlation was found between L value and pH (0.77**) and lime (0.82**), between a value and sand (0.54**), Ca+Mg (-0.65**) and CEC (-0.65**), and between b value and sand (0.52**), Ca+Mg (-0.55**) and CEC (-0.56**) in the A horizons. A significant correlation was found between L value and silt (0.57**), pH (0.65**), lime (0.81**) and K (-0.50**), between a value and clay (-0.58**), sand (0.48**), and between b and clay (-0.55**), lime (0.68**) in the C horizons. According to the results of multiple linear regression analysis; pH (R2= 0.68) value can be determined with L and a values, and lime (R2= 0.73) content can be determined using a and b values in A horizons, and lime content can be determined using L, a and b values in C horizons. It is concluded that digital color parameters can be used more reliably determining pH and lime content and this performance is affected by A and C horizons.

References

  • Aitkenhead MJ, Coull M, Towers W, Hudson G, Black HIJ (2013) Prediction of soil characteristics and colour using data from the National Soils Inventory of Scotland. Geoderma 200: 99-107.
  • Barret LR (2002) Spectrophotometric color measurement in situ in well drained sandy soils. Geoderma 108: 49-77.
  • Baumann K, Schöning I, Schrumpf M, Ellerbrock RH, Leinweber P (2016) Rapid assessment of soil organic matter: Soil color analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Geoderma 278: 49-57.
  • Black CA (1965) Methods of Soil Analysis Part 2, Amer. Society of Agronomy Inc., Publisher Madisson, Wisconsin, U.S.A., 1372-1376.
  • Bouyoucos GJ (1955) A recalibration of the hydrometer method for making mechanical analysis of the soils. Agronomy Journal 4(9): 434.
  • Budak M, Gunal H (2016) Visible and near infrared spectroscopy techniques for determination of some physical and chemical properties in Kazova watershed. Advances in Environmental Biology 10(5): 61-73.
  • Budak M, Günal H, Süer M, Akbaş F (2018) Sayısal renk parametrelerinden bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal toprak özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi 22(3): 376-389.
  • Fan Z, Herrick JE, Saltzman R, Matteis C, Yudina A, Nocella N, Crawford E, Parker R, Van Zee J (2017) Measurement of Soil Color: A Comparison Between Smartphone Camera and the Munsell Color Charts. Soil Science Society of America Journal 81(5): 1139-1146.
  • Fang XM, Ono Y, Fukusawa H, Pan BT, Li JJ, Guan DH, Oi K, Tsukamoto S, Torii M, Mishima T (1999) Asian summer monsoon instability during the past 60.000 years: magnetic susceptibility and pedogenic evidence from the western Chinese Loess Plateau. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 168: 219-232.
  • Gözükara G, Altunbaş S, Sarı M (2019) Mekansal değişimin alüviyal fanlar üzerinde oluşan toprakların özelliklerine etkisi. Mediterrenean Agricultural Sciences 32(3): 425-435.
  • Gözükara G, Altunbaş S, Sarı M (2020) Zamansal ve mekansal değişimlerin eski göl tabanlarındaki toprak oluşumu, gelişimi ve morfolojisi üzerine etkisi. Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi 24(1): 96-110.
  • Gozukara G, Zhang Y, Hartemink AE (2021) Using vis-NIR and pXRF data to distinguish soil parent materials – an example using 136 pedons from Wisconsin, USA. Geoderma 396: 115091.
  • Günal H, Erşahin S, Yetgin B, Kutlu B (2008) Use of chroma-meter measured color parameters in estimating color related soil variables. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 39(6): 726-740.
  • Hartemink AE, Minasny B (2014) Towards digital soil morphometrics. Geoderma 230-231.
  • Jackson MC (1967) Soil chemical analysis. Prentice Hall of India Private’Limited. New Delhi.
  • Ji JF, Chen J, Balsam W, Liu LW (2007) Quantitative analysis of hematite and goethite in the Chinese loess–paleosol sequences and its implication for dry and humid variability. Quaternary Sciences 27: 221-229.
  • Kacar B (1995) Bitki ve toprağın kimyasal analizler: III. Toprak Analizleri. A. Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Geliştirme Vakfı Yayınları No: 3.
  • Lê S, Josse J, Husson F (2008) FactoMineR: An R Package for Multivariate Analysis. Journal of Statistical Software 25(1): 1-18.
  • Moritsuka N, Matsuoka K, Katsura K, Sano S, Yanai J (2014) Soil color analysis for statistically estimating total carbon. Total nitrogen and active iron contents in Japanese agricultural soils. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 60(4): 475-485.
  • Post DF, Levine SJ, Bryant RB, Mays MD, Batchily AK, Escadafal R, Huete AR (1993) Correlations between field and laboratory measurements of soil color. In: Bigham. J.M.. Ciolkosz. E.J. (Eds.). Soil Color. Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI., pp. 35-50.
  • Pretorius ML, Van Huyssteen C, Brown LR (2017) Soil color indicates carbon and wetlands: developing a color-proxy for soil organic carbon and wetland boundaries on sandy coastal plains in South Africa. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 189(11): 556.
  • Rice TD, Nickerson D, O'Neal AM Thorp J (1941) Preliminary color-standards and color names for soil. Miscellaneous Publication 425: 1-12.
  • Schulze DG, Nagel JL, Van Scoyoc GE, Henderson TL, Baumgardner MF, Stott DE (1993) Soil color. In: Bigham JM, Ciolkosz EJ (Eds), Significance of organic matter in determining soil colors. Soil Science Society of America Special Publications, Madison, pp. 71-90.
  • Shen ZX, Cao JJ, Zhang XY, Arimoto R, Ji JF, Balsam WL, Wang YQ, Zhang RJ, Li XX (2006) Spectroscopic analysis of iron-oxide minerals in aerosol particles from northern China. Science of the Total Environment 367: 899-907.
  • Simonson RW (1993) Soil color standards and terms for field use history of their development. In: In: Bigham. J.M.. Ciolkosz. E.J. (Eds.). Soil Color. SSSA Spec. Publ.. vol. 31. Soil Science Society of America. Madison. WI. pp. 1–20. doi: 10.2136/sssaspecpub31.
  • Soil Survey Staff (1993) Soil survey manual. Agricultural Handbook 18 Government Printing Office. Washington. DC.
  • Soil Survey Staff (2010) Soil Taxonomy. 11th ed. USDA National Resources Conservation Services. Washington DC.
  • Soil Survey Staff (2014) Keys to Soil Taxonomy. Twelfth Edition Edition, United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service ISBN 0-16-048848-6. Washington DC.
  • Şimşek O, Altunbaş S, Demirel BÇ, Gözükara G (2020) Alüviyal fizyografyalar üzerinde gelişen farklı topraklarda arazi değerlendirme çalışmaları. Mediterrenean Agricultural Sciences 33(1): 129-135.
  • Thwaites R (2002) Color. In: Lal. R. (ed.) Encyclopedia of Soil Science. Marcel Dekkers. Inc., pp. 211-214.
  • Torrent J, Schwertmann U, Schulze DG (1980) Iron oxide mineralogy of some soils of two river terrace sequences in Spain. Geoderma 23: 191-208.
  • Torrent J, Barrón V (1993) Soil color. In: Bigham JM, Ciolkosz EJ (Eds), Laboratory measurement of soil color: Theory and practice. Soil Science Society of America Special Publications, Madison, pp. 21-33.
  • Vodyanitskii YN, Kirillova NP (2016) Application of the CIE-L* a* b* system to characterize soil color. Eurasian Soil Science 49(11): 1259-1268.
  • Zhang Y, Hartemink AE (2019) A method for automated soil horizon delineation using digital images. Geoderma 343: 97-115.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Agricultural Engineering
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Gafur Gözükara 0000-0003-0940-5218

Bayram Çağdaş Demirel 0000-0001-5402-0339

Sevda Altunbaş 0000-0001-9779-9784

Publication Date April 1, 2021
Submission Date June 1, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 34 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Gözükara, G., Demirel, B. Ç., & Altunbaş, S. (2021). Sayısal renk parametreleri ile toprak özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiye toprak horizonlarının etkisi. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences, 34(1), 125-133. https://doi.org/10.29136/mediterranean.746628
AMA Gözükara G, Demirel BÇ, Altunbaş S. Sayısal renk parametreleri ile toprak özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiye toprak horizonlarının etkisi. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences. April 2021;34(1):125-133. doi:10.29136/mediterranean.746628
Chicago Gözükara, Gafur, Bayram Çağdaş Demirel, and Sevda Altunbaş. “Sayısal Renk Parametreleri Ile Toprak özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiye Toprak horizonlarının Etkisi”. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences 34, no. 1 (April 2021): 125-33. https://doi.org/10.29136/mediterranean.746628.
EndNote Gözükara G, Demirel BÇ, Altunbaş S (April 1, 2021) Sayısal renk parametreleri ile toprak özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiye toprak horizonlarının etkisi. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences 34 1 125–133.
IEEE G. Gözükara, B. Ç. Demirel, and S. Altunbaş, “Sayısal renk parametreleri ile toprak özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiye toprak horizonlarının etkisi”, Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 125–133, 2021, doi: 10.29136/mediterranean.746628.
ISNAD Gözükara, Gafur et al. “Sayısal Renk Parametreleri Ile Toprak özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiye Toprak horizonlarının Etkisi”. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences 34/1 (April 2021), 125-133. https://doi.org/10.29136/mediterranean.746628.
JAMA Gözükara G, Demirel BÇ, Altunbaş S. Sayısal renk parametreleri ile toprak özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiye toprak horizonlarının etkisi. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences. 2021;34:125–133.
MLA Gözükara, Gafur et al. “Sayısal Renk Parametreleri Ile Toprak özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiye Toprak horizonlarının Etkisi”. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences, vol. 34, no. 1, 2021, pp. 125-33, doi:10.29136/mediterranean.746628.
Vancouver Gözükara G, Demirel BÇ, Altunbaş S. Sayısal renk parametreleri ile toprak özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiye toprak horizonlarının etkisi. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences. 2021;34(1):125-33.

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