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The distribution and the related factors of forward head posture among medical students

Year 2022, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 304 - 308, 29.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.952182

Abstract

Objective: Forward head posture (FHP) is becoming common in medical students who study for long durations with wrong postures due to intensive curriculum. This study was conducted to determine the frequency of FHP and related factors in medical students.
Method: The first and second-year medical students filled out the questionnaire including sociodemographic characteristics, activity status, Smartphone Addiction Questionnaire, Beck Depression, Body Awareness, and Perceived Stress Scales after their verbal consent was obtained. FHP and craniovertebral angle values were measured.
Results: 47% of the students had highly severe (≥5 cm), 46.2% had severe FHP (2.5-5 cm), and 6.8% had mild FHP. The mean CVA (Costovertebral Angle) values were determined as 44.31 ± 4.31. The frequency of students whose CVA values are below 45° is 59.3% (140 people). The frequency of highly severe FHP was also found as high in the taller, in males, and in the students with high BMI. In the regression model examining the situations that increase the risk of severe FHP, it was found that depression increased the risk of FHP 2.5 times.
Conclusion: FHP was found to be very common (90%) in medical students. FHP was found to be more severe in students with high depression scores.

References

  • 1. Yeom H, Lim J, Yoo SH, Lee W. A new posture-correcting system using a vector angle model for preventing forward head posture. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment. 2014;28(sup1):S6-S13.
  • 2. Haughie LJ, Fiebert IM, Roach KE. Relationship of forward head posture and cervical backward bending to neck pain. Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy. 1995;3(3):91-97.
  • 3. Talati D, Varadhrajulu G, Malwade M. The Effect of Forward Head Posture On Spinal Curvatures in Healthy Subjects. Asian Pacific Journal Of Health Sciences. 2018;5.
  • 4. Kang JI, Jeong DK, Choi H. The effect of feedback respiratory exercise on muscle activity, craniovertebral angle, and neck disability index of the neck flexors of patients with forward head posture. Journal of physical therapy science. 2016;28(9):2477-2481.
  • 5. Canales JZ, Cordás TA, Fiquer JT, Cavalcante AF, Moreno RA. Posture and body image in individuals with major depressive disorder: a controlled study. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry. 2010;32 (4):375-380.
  • 6. Østerås B, Sigmundsson H, Haga M. Perceived stress and musculoskeletal pain are prevalent and significantly associated in adolescents: an epidemiological cross-sectional study. BMC public health. 2015;15(1):1081.
  • 7. Cramer H, Mehling WE, Saha FJ, Dobos G, Lauche R. Postural awareness and its relation to pain: validation of an innovative instrument measuring awareness of body posture in patients with chronic pain. BMC musculoskeletal disorders. 2018;19(1):1-10.
  • 8. Prins Y, Crous L, Louw Q. A systematic review of posture and psychosocial factors as contributors to upper quadrant musculoskeletal pain in children and adolescents. Physiotherapy theory and practice. 2008; 24(4):221-242.
  • 9. Watson DH, Trott PH. Cervical headache: an investigation of natural head posture and upper cervical flexor muscle performance. Cephalalgia. 1993;13(4):272-284.
  • 10. Johnson GM. The correlation between surface measurement of head and neck posture and the anatomic position of the upper cervical vertebrae. Spine. 1998;23(8):921-927.
  • 11. Park JJ, Choi GS. Modeling of a continuous-time system with time-delay. International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication. 2012;4(2):1-6.
  • 12. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J. An inventory for measuring depression. Archives of general psychiatry. 1961;4(6):561-571.
  • 13. Hisli N. Beck depresyon envanterinin universite ogrencileri icin gecerliligi, guvenilirligi.(A reliability and validity study of Beck Depression Inventory in a university student sample). J.Psychol. 1989;7:3-13.
  • 14. Shields SA, Mallory ME, Simon A. The body awareness questionnaire: reliability and validity. Journal of personality Assessment. 1989;53(4):802-815.
  • 15. Karaca S. Vücut farkındalığı anketinin Türkçe uyarlaması: geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. 2017, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi: Muğla.
  • 16. Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R. A global measure of perceived stress. Journal of health and social behavior. 1983;385-396.
  • 17. Bilge A, Öğce F, Genç RE, Oran NT. Algılanan stres ölçeği (ASÖ)’nin Türkçe versiyonunun psikometrik uygunluğu. Ege Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi. 2009;25(2):61-72.
  • 18. Kwon M, Kim DJ, Cho H, Yang S. The smartphone addiction scale: development and validation of a short version for adolescents. PloS one. 2013;8(12):e83558.
  • 19. Noyan CO, Darçin AE, Nurmedov S, Yilmaz O, Dilbaz N. Akıllı Telefon Bağımlılığı Ölçeğinin Kısa Formunun üniversite öğrencilerindeTürkçe geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry/Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2015;16.
  • 20. Raine S, Twomey LT. Head and shoulder posture variations in 160 asymptomatic women and men. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation. 1997;78(11):1215-1223.
  • 21. Kocur P, Tomczak M, Wiernicka M, Goliwąs M, Lewandowski J, Łochyński D. Relationship between age, BMI, head posture and superficial neck muscle stiffness and elasticity in adult women. Scientific reports. 2019;9(1):1-10.
  • 22. Lee J, Lee Y, Kim H, Lee J. The effects of cervical mobilization combined with thoracic mobilization on forward head posture of neck pain patients. Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2013;25(1):7-9.
  • 23. Do Rosário JLP, Diógenes MSB, Mattei R, Leite JR. Can sadness alter posture? Journal of bodywork and movement therapies. 2013;17(3):328-331.
  • 24. Harman K, Hubley-Kozey CL, Butler H. Effectiveness of an exercise program to improve forward head posture in normal adults: a randomized, controlled 10-week trial. Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy. 2005;13(3):163-176.

Tıp öğrencileri arasında ileri kafa duruşunun dağılımı ve ilişkili olduğu faktörler

Year 2022, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 304 - 308, 29.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.952182

Abstract

Amaç: İleri kafa duruşu (Forward Head Posture-FHP), yoğun müfredat nedeniyle uzun süre yanlış duruşlarla çalışan tıp öğrencilerinde yaygınlaşıyor. Bu çalışma tıp öğrencilerinde FHP sıklığını ve ilişkili faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Metod: Birinci ve ikinci sınıf tıp öğrencileri, sosyodemografik özellikler, aktivite durumu, Akıllı Telefon Bağımlılığı Anketi, Beck Depresyon, Beden Farkındalığı ve Algılanan Stres Ölçeklerini içeren anketi sözlü onamları alındıktan sonra doldurdu. FHP ve kraniovertebral açı değerleri ölçüldü.
Bulgular: Öğrencilerin %47'sinde çok şiddetli (≥5 cm), %46,2'sinde şiddetli FHP (2,5-5 cm) ve %6,8'inde hafif FHP saptandı. Kraniyovertebral açı (Craniovertebral Angle-CVA) değerleri ortalama 44.31 ± 4.31 olarak tespit edildi. CVA değeri 45°'nin altında olan öğrencilerin oranı %59,3'tür (140 kişi). Uzun boylularda, erkeklerde ve BKİ'si yüksek olan öğrencilerde de oldukça şiddetli FHP sıklığı yüksek bulundu. Şiddetli FHP riskini arttıran durumların incelendiği regresyon modelinde depresyonun FHP riskini 2,5 kat arttırdığı saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Tıp öğrencilerinde FHP’nin çok yaygın (%90) olduğu saptanmıştır. Depresyon skoru yüksek olan öğrencilerde FHP’nin daha şiddetli olduğu saptanmıştır.

References

  • 1. Yeom H, Lim J, Yoo SH, Lee W. A new posture-correcting system using a vector angle model for preventing forward head posture. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment. 2014;28(sup1):S6-S13.
  • 2. Haughie LJ, Fiebert IM, Roach KE. Relationship of forward head posture and cervical backward bending to neck pain. Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy. 1995;3(3):91-97.
  • 3. Talati D, Varadhrajulu G, Malwade M. The Effect of Forward Head Posture On Spinal Curvatures in Healthy Subjects. Asian Pacific Journal Of Health Sciences. 2018;5.
  • 4. Kang JI, Jeong DK, Choi H. The effect of feedback respiratory exercise on muscle activity, craniovertebral angle, and neck disability index of the neck flexors of patients with forward head posture. Journal of physical therapy science. 2016;28(9):2477-2481.
  • 5. Canales JZ, Cordás TA, Fiquer JT, Cavalcante AF, Moreno RA. Posture and body image in individuals with major depressive disorder: a controlled study. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry. 2010;32 (4):375-380.
  • 6. Østerås B, Sigmundsson H, Haga M. Perceived stress and musculoskeletal pain are prevalent and significantly associated in adolescents: an epidemiological cross-sectional study. BMC public health. 2015;15(1):1081.
  • 7. Cramer H, Mehling WE, Saha FJ, Dobos G, Lauche R. Postural awareness and its relation to pain: validation of an innovative instrument measuring awareness of body posture in patients with chronic pain. BMC musculoskeletal disorders. 2018;19(1):1-10.
  • 8. Prins Y, Crous L, Louw Q. A systematic review of posture and psychosocial factors as contributors to upper quadrant musculoskeletal pain in children and adolescents. Physiotherapy theory and practice. 2008; 24(4):221-242.
  • 9. Watson DH, Trott PH. Cervical headache: an investigation of natural head posture and upper cervical flexor muscle performance. Cephalalgia. 1993;13(4):272-284.
  • 10. Johnson GM. The correlation between surface measurement of head and neck posture and the anatomic position of the upper cervical vertebrae. Spine. 1998;23(8):921-927.
  • 11. Park JJ, Choi GS. Modeling of a continuous-time system with time-delay. International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication. 2012;4(2):1-6.
  • 12. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J. An inventory for measuring depression. Archives of general psychiatry. 1961;4(6):561-571.
  • 13. Hisli N. Beck depresyon envanterinin universite ogrencileri icin gecerliligi, guvenilirligi.(A reliability and validity study of Beck Depression Inventory in a university student sample). J.Psychol. 1989;7:3-13.
  • 14. Shields SA, Mallory ME, Simon A. The body awareness questionnaire: reliability and validity. Journal of personality Assessment. 1989;53(4):802-815.
  • 15. Karaca S. Vücut farkındalığı anketinin Türkçe uyarlaması: geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. 2017, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi: Muğla.
  • 16. Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R. A global measure of perceived stress. Journal of health and social behavior. 1983;385-396.
  • 17. Bilge A, Öğce F, Genç RE, Oran NT. Algılanan stres ölçeği (ASÖ)’nin Türkçe versiyonunun psikometrik uygunluğu. Ege Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi. 2009;25(2):61-72.
  • 18. Kwon M, Kim DJ, Cho H, Yang S. The smartphone addiction scale: development and validation of a short version for adolescents. PloS one. 2013;8(12):e83558.
  • 19. Noyan CO, Darçin AE, Nurmedov S, Yilmaz O, Dilbaz N. Akıllı Telefon Bağımlılığı Ölçeğinin Kısa Formunun üniversite öğrencilerindeTürkçe geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry/Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2015;16.
  • 20. Raine S, Twomey LT. Head and shoulder posture variations in 160 asymptomatic women and men. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation. 1997;78(11):1215-1223.
  • 21. Kocur P, Tomczak M, Wiernicka M, Goliwąs M, Lewandowski J, Łochyński D. Relationship between age, BMI, head posture and superficial neck muscle stiffness and elasticity in adult women. Scientific reports. 2019;9(1):1-10.
  • 22. Lee J, Lee Y, Kim H, Lee J. The effects of cervical mobilization combined with thoracic mobilization on forward head posture of neck pain patients. Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2013;25(1):7-9.
  • 23. Do Rosário JLP, Diógenes MSB, Mattei R, Leite JR. Can sadness alter posture? Journal of bodywork and movement therapies. 2013;17(3):328-331.
  • 24. Harman K, Hubley-Kozey CL, Butler H. Effectiveness of an exercise program to improve forward head posture in normal adults: a randomized, controlled 10-week trial. Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy. 2005;13(3):163-176.
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Elif Köse 0000-0002-2232-4538

Hüseyin Baylan 0000-0002-9150-9210

Hilal Karahan 0000-0003-1910-2309

Hasan Ekerbiçer 0000-0003-0064-3893

Publication Date June 29, 2022
Acceptance Date March 13, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 14 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Köse, E., Baylan, H., Karahan, H., Ekerbiçer, H. (2022). The distribution and the related factors of forward head posture among medical students. Konuralp Medical Journal, 14(2), 304-308. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.952182
AMA Köse E, Baylan H, Karahan H, Ekerbiçer H. The distribution and the related factors of forward head posture among medical students. Konuralp Medical Journal. June 2022;14(2):304-308. doi:10.18521/ktd.952182
Chicago Köse, Elif, Hüseyin Baylan, Hilal Karahan, and Hasan Ekerbiçer. “The Distribution and the Related Factors of Forward Head Posture Among Medical Students”. Konuralp Medical Journal 14, no. 2 (June 2022): 304-8. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.952182.
EndNote Köse E, Baylan H, Karahan H, Ekerbiçer H (June 1, 2022) The distribution and the related factors of forward head posture among medical students. Konuralp Medical Journal 14 2 304–308.
IEEE E. Köse, H. Baylan, H. Karahan, and H. Ekerbiçer, “The distribution and the related factors of forward head posture among medical students”, Konuralp Medical Journal, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 304–308, 2022, doi: 10.18521/ktd.952182.
ISNAD Köse, Elif et al. “The Distribution and the Related Factors of Forward Head Posture Among Medical Students”. Konuralp Medical Journal 14/2 (June 2022), 304-308. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.952182.
JAMA Köse E, Baylan H, Karahan H, Ekerbiçer H. The distribution and the related factors of forward head posture among medical students. Konuralp Medical Journal. 2022;14:304–308.
MLA Köse, Elif et al. “The Distribution and the Related Factors of Forward Head Posture Among Medical Students”. Konuralp Medical Journal, vol. 14, no. 2, 2022, pp. 304-8, doi:10.18521/ktd.952182.
Vancouver Köse E, Baylan H, Karahan H, Ekerbiçer H. The distribution and the related factors of forward head posture among medical students. Konuralp Medical Journal. 2022;14(2):304-8.