Abstract
Varāha is known as an incarnation of the Hindu God Vishṇu (avatāra). The presentday version of Varāha Purāṇa, which was created in the name of this Hindu myth
known as the Pig in the mythical tradition, is divided into four independent sections.
According to Nāradīya Purāṇa, Varāha Purāṇa consists of two books (bhāga)
which are Pūrva and Uttara. However, Uttara-bhāga has not survived. Literary
historians share the view that Varāha Purāṇa is relatively a late work, compared
to other texts that makes up the Purāṇa collection. Varāha Purāṇa is more of a
guide for Hindu believers; it usually belongs to the Vishṇu-worshipers tradition.
It is known that some theriomorphic (in animal form) sects of India, especially in
Eastern Mālwā, worships this pig-shaped god. In about the fourth century, the cult
of pig was associated with the Varāha embodiment (avatāra) in the Vishṇu belief.
With this study, the characteristics of the Varāha (Pig) myth, which is named as one
of the epic period sources in Indian Mythology and named after the work named
Varāha Purāṇa of the Purāṇa corpus, are tried to convey the cultural reflections of
the wild boar myth, which has an important place in Indo-European culture, in the
history of civilization.
References
- Chaitanya, K. (1977). A new history of Sanskrit literature. Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal. Brockıngton, J. L. (1998). The Sanskrit epics. Leiden: Brill.
- Dalal, R. (2010). Hinduism: An alphabetical guide. Delhi: Penguin.
- Davidson, H. E. (1998). Roles of northern goddess. London: Routledge.
- Dowson, J. (1903). Classical dictionary of Hindu mythology and religion, geography, history and literature. Londra: Kegan Paul Trench Trbüner.
- Erdemir, C. (2014). Bhāgavata purāṇa’da yaratılış. Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü: Ankara.
- Fuller, D. Q. (2002). Fifty years of archaeobotanical studies in India: Laying a solid foundation. Indian Archaeology in Retrospect, Indian Council for Historical Research, 3(1), 247-364.
- Gonda, J. (1969). The Hindu trinity. Anthropos, 63(1), 210-239.
- Hazra, R. C. (1940). Studies in the purāṇic records on hindu rites and customs. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.
- Hazra, R. C. (1937). The Varāha Purāṇa. Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute 18(4), 321-337.
- Jones, C. & Ryan, J. D. (2006). Encyclopedia of Hinduism. New York: Facts on File.
- Kaya, K. (2003). Hint mitolojisi sözlüğü. Ankara: İmge
- Keith, A. B. (1920). A history of Sanskrit literature. Londra: Oxford University.
- Macculloch, J. A. (1911). The religion of the ancient Celts. Edinburgh: T.&T. Clark.
- Macdonell, A. A. (1897). Vedic mythology. Strassburg: Verlag Von Karl J. Trübner.
- Mani, V. (1996). Purāṇic encyclopedia: A comprehensive work with special reference to the epic and purāṇic literature. Delhi: Motital Banarsidass.
- Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q. (1997). Indo-european culture. London: Fitzroy Dearborn. Matsya Mahāpurāṇa Vol 1. (2007). Delhi: Parimal.
- Monier-Williams, Sir M. (2008). Sanskrit English dictionary. Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal.
- Rocher, L. (1986). The purāṇas. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz.
- Scham, S. (2008). The world’s first temple. Archaeology, Archaeological Institute of America, 61(6), 77-79.
- Schug, G. R.; Walimbe, S. R. (2016). A companion to south Asia in the past. Chichester: John Willey & Sons.
- Sturluson, S. (1995). Prose Edda. A. Faukles (Çev.) London: Everyman.
- Taittiriya Samhita Part 2. (1914). Cambridge: The Harvard University.
- The Bhāgavata Purāṇa Part 1. (1950). Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.
- The Nārada Purāṇa Part IV. (1982). Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.
- The Varāha Purāṇa Part 1. (1960). Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.
- The Varāha Purāṇa Part 2. (1960). Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.
- The Vishṇu Purāṇa. (1840). (H. H. Wilson, Çev.) London: Publication by John Murray.
- Valmīki. (2002). Rāmāyaṇa. (K. Kaya, Çev.) Ankara: İmge.
- Valmīki. (1891). The Rāmāyaṇa. (N. Dutt, Çev.) Calcutta: Chandra Chackravarti.
- Vyāsa. (1883-1896). The Mahābhārata. (K. M. Çev.) Ganguli Cambridge: Parentheses.
- Winternitz, M. (1927). A history of Indian literature, 1, Calcutta: The University of Calcutta.
Abstract
Varāha, Hindu Tanrısı Vishṇu’nun bir bedenlenmesi (avatāra) olarak bilinmektedir.
Mitsel gelenekte “Domuz” olarak bilinen bu Hindu mitinin adını taşıyan Varāha
Purāṇa’nın, günümüze ulaşan versiyonu, bağımsız dört farklı bölümden meydana
gelmektedir. Nāradīya Purāṇa’ya göre ise Varāha Purāṇa aslında Pūrva ve Uttara
olmak üzere iki kitaptan (bhāga) oluşmaktadır. Uttara-bhāga adlandırılan bölümü
ise günümüze ulaşmamıştır. Edebiyat tarihçileri, Purāṇa koleksiyonunu oluşturan
diğer metinlerle karşılaştırıldığında Varāha Purāṇa’nın nispeten geç dönem eseri
olduğu görüşünü paylaşır. Hindu inanırları için Varāha Purāṇa daha ziyade bir
kılavuz; genellikle de Vishṇu-tapınırları geleneğine ait olarak nitelendirilen bir
kutsal kitaptır. Hindistan’ın özellikle de Doğu Mālvā’daki bazı teriyomorfik
(hayvan formunda olan) tarikatlarının, domuz şeklindeki bu tanrıya tapındıkları
bilinmektedir. Yaklaşık dördüncü yüzyılda ilgili domuz kültü, Vishṇu inancındaki
Varāha bedenlenmesiyle (avatāra) ilişkilendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmayla Hint-Avrupa
kültüründe önemli bir yer tutan yaban domuzu mitinin, uygarlık tarihindeki kültürel
yansımalarının Varāha geleneği üzerinden Hint Mitolojisi içerisinde epik dönem
kaynaklarından birisi olarak anılan ve Purāṇa külliyatının Varāha Purāṇa adlı
eserine adını veren Varāha (Domuz) mitinin özellikleri aktarılmaya çalışılmıştır.
References
- Chaitanya, K. (1977). A new history of Sanskrit literature. Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal. Brockıngton, J. L. (1998). The Sanskrit epics. Leiden: Brill.
- Dalal, R. (2010). Hinduism: An alphabetical guide. Delhi: Penguin.
- Davidson, H. E. (1998). Roles of northern goddess. London: Routledge.
- Dowson, J. (1903). Classical dictionary of Hindu mythology and religion, geography, history and literature. Londra: Kegan Paul Trench Trbüner.
- Erdemir, C. (2014). Bhāgavata purāṇa’da yaratılış. Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü: Ankara.
- Fuller, D. Q. (2002). Fifty years of archaeobotanical studies in India: Laying a solid foundation. Indian Archaeology in Retrospect, Indian Council for Historical Research, 3(1), 247-364.
- Gonda, J. (1969). The Hindu trinity. Anthropos, 63(1), 210-239.
- Hazra, R. C. (1940). Studies in the purāṇic records on hindu rites and customs. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.
- Hazra, R. C. (1937). The Varāha Purāṇa. Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute 18(4), 321-337.
- Jones, C. & Ryan, J. D. (2006). Encyclopedia of Hinduism. New York: Facts on File.
- Kaya, K. (2003). Hint mitolojisi sözlüğü. Ankara: İmge
- Keith, A. B. (1920). A history of Sanskrit literature. Londra: Oxford University.
- Macculloch, J. A. (1911). The religion of the ancient Celts. Edinburgh: T.&T. Clark.
- Macdonell, A. A. (1897). Vedic mythology. Strassburg: Verlag Von Karl J. Trübner.
- Mani, V. (1996). Purāṇic encyclopedia: A comprehensive work with special reference to the epic and purāṇic literature. Delhi: Motital Banarsidass.
- Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q. (1997). Indo-european culture. London: Fitzroy Dearborn. Matsya Mahāpurāṇa Vol 1. (2007). Delhi: Parimal.
- Monier-Williams, Sir M. (2008). Sanskrit English dictionary. Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal.
- Rocher, L. (1986). The purāṇas. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz.
- Scham, S. (2008). The world’s first temple. Archaeology, Archaeological Institute of America, 61(6), 77-79.
- Schug, G. R.; Walimbe, S. R. (2016). A companion to south Asia in the past. Chichester: John Willey & Sons.
- Sturluson, S. (1995). Prose Edda. A. Faukles (Çev.) London: Everyman.
- Taittiriya Samhita Part 2. (1914). Cambridge: The Harvard University.
- The Bhāgavata Purāṇa Part 1. (1950). Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.
- The Nārada Purāṇa Part IV. (1982). Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.
- The Varāha Purāṇa Part 1. (1960). Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.
- The Varāha Purāṇa Part 2. (1960). Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.
- The Vishṇu Purāṇa. (1840). (H. H. Wilson, Çev.) London: Publication by John Murray.
- Valmīki. (2002). Rāmāyaṇa. (K. Kaya, Çev.) Ankara: İmge.
- Valmīki. (1891). The Rāmāyaṇa. (N. Dutt, Çev.) Calcutta: Chandra Chackravarti.
- Vyāsa. (1883-1896). The Mahābhārata. (K. M. Çev.) Ganguli Cambridge: Parentheses.
- Winternitz, M. (1927). A history of Indian literature, 1, Calcutta: The University of Calcutta.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Creative Arts and Writing |
| Journal Section | Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | May 7, 2021 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2021 Volume: 27 Issue: 106 |
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