Research Article
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Year 2016, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 40 - 45, 30.04.2016

Abstract

References

  • Elam MJ, Vaughn JA. Chiari type I malformations in young adults:
  • implications for the college health practitioner. J Am Coll Health
  • ;59:757–9.
  • Fernandes YB, Ramina R, Campos-Herrera CR, Borges G.
  • Evolutinary hypothesis for Chiari type I malformation. Med
  • Hypotheses 2013;81:715–9.
  • Fernández AA, Guerrero AI, Martínez MI, Vázquez ME, Fernández
  • JB, Chesa I Octavio E, Labrado Jde L, Silva ME, de Araoz MF,
  • García-Ramos R, Ribes MG, Gómez C, Valdivia JI, Valbuena RN,
  • Ramón JR. Malformations of the craniocervical junction (Chiari type
  • I and syringomyelia: classification, diagnosis and treatment). BMC
  • Musculoskelet Disord 2009;17:10:S1.
  • Godzik J, Kelly MP, Radmanesh A, Kim D, Holekamp TF, Smyth
  • MD, Lenke LG, Shimony JS, Park TS, Leonard J, Limbrick DD.
  • Relationship of syrinx size and tonsillar descent to spinal deformity
  • in Chiari malformation type I with associated syringomyelia. J
  • Neurosurg Pediatr 2014;13:368–74.
  • Isik N, Elmaci I, Isik N, Cerci SA, Basaran R, Gura M, Kalelioglu M.
  • Long-term results and complications of the syringopleural shunting
  • for treatment of syringomyelia: a clinical study. Br J Neurosurg 2013;
  • :91–9.
  • Leikola J, Haapamäki V, Karppinen A, Koljonen V, Hukki J,
  • Valanne L, Koivikko M. Morphometric comparison of foramen
  • magnum in non-syndromic craniosynostosis patients with or without
  • Chiari I malformation. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2012;154:1809–13.
  • Meadows J, Kraut M, Guarnieri M, Haroun RI, Carson BS.
  • Asymptomatic Chiari type I malformations identified on magnetic
  • resonance imaging. J Neurosurg 2000;92:920–6.
  • Oldfield EH, Muraszko K, Shawker TH, Patronas NJ. Pathophysiology
  • of syringomyelia associated with Chiari 1 malformation of cerebellar
  • tonsils. J Neurosurg 1994;80:3–15.
  • Aiken AH, Hoots JA, Saindane AM, Hudgins PA. Incidence of cerebellar
  • tonsillar ectopia in idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a
  • mimic of the Chiari I malformation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2012;
  • :1901–6.
  • Erdogan E, Cansever T, Secer HI, Temiz C, Sirin S, Kabatas S,
  • Gonul E. The evaluation of surgical treatment options in the Chiari
  • malformation type I. Turk Neurosurg 2010;20:303–13.
  • Hwang HS, Moon JG, Kim CH, Oh SM, Song JH, Jeong JH. The
  • comparative morphometric study of the posterior cranial fossa: what
  • is effective approaches to the treatment of Chiari malformation type
  • I. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2013;54:405–10.
  • Kim IK, Wang KC, Kim IO, Cho BK. Chiari 1.5 malformation:: an
  • advanced form of Chiari I malformation. J Korean Neurosurg Soc
  • ;48:375–9.
  • Oakes WJ, Tubbs RS. Chiari malformations. In: Winn HR, editor.
  • Youmans neurological surgery. A comprehensive reference guide to
  • the diagnosis and management of neurosurgical problems. 5th ed.
  • Philadelphia: Saunders; 2004. p. 3347–61.
  • Noudel R, Jovenin N, Eap C, Scherpereel B, Pierot L, Rousseaux P.
  • Incidence of basioccipital hypoplasia in Chiari malformation type I:
  • comparative morphometric study of the posterior cranial fossa. J
  • Neurosurg 2009;111:1046–52.
  • Koyanagi I, Houkin K. Pathogenesis of syringomyelia associated
  • with Chiari type 1 malformation: review of evidences and proposal of
  • a new hypothesis. Neurosurg Rev 2010;33:271–84.
  • Zhu Z, Sha S, Sun X, Liu Z, Yan H, Zhu W, Wang Z, Qiu Y.
  • Tapering of the cervical spinal canal in patients with distended or
  • nondistended syringes secondary to Chiari type I malformation.
  • AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2014;35:2021–6.
  • Smith BW, Strahle J, Bapuraj JR, Muraszko KM, Garton HJ, Maher
  • CO. Distribution of cerebellar tonsil position: implications for
  • understanding Chiari malformation. J Neurosurg 2013;119:812–9.
  • Kahn EN, Muraszko KM, Maher CO. Prevalence of Chiari I malformation
  • and syringomyelia. Neurosurg Clin N Am 2015;26:501–7.
  • Leikola J, Koljonen V, Valanne L, Hukki J. The incidence of Chiari
  • malformation in nonsyndromic, single suture craniosynostosis. Childs
  • Nerv Syst 2010;26:771–4.
  • Elster AD, Chen MY. Chiari I malformations: clinical and radiologic
  • reappraisal. Radiology 1992;183:347–53.
  • Milhorat TH, Chou MW, Trinidad EM, Kula RW, Mandell M,
  • Wolpert C, Speer MC. Chiari I malformation redefined: clinical and
  • radiographic findings for 364 symptomatic patients. Neurosurgery
  • ;44:1005–17.
  • Vernooij MW, Ikram MA, Tanghe HL, Vincent AJ, Hofman A,
  • Krestin GP, Niessen WJ, Breteler MM, van der Lugt A. Incidental findings on brain MRI in general populatio. N Engl J Med 2007;357:
  • –8.
  • Banik R, Lin D, Miller NR. Prevalence of Chiari I malformation and
  • cerebellar ectopia in patients with pseudotumor cerebri. J Neurol Sci
  • ;247:71–5.
  • National Institude of Neurological Disorders and Strokes (NINDS).
  • Chiari malformation fact sheet. [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National
  • Institutes of Health (NIH) Neurological Institute; [cited 2009 Sep 1].
  • Available from: http://www. ninds.nih.gov/disorders/chiari/.
  • Aitken LA, Lindan CE, Sidney S, Gupta N, Barkovich AJ, Sorel M,
  • Wu YW. Chiari type I malformation in a pediatric population. Pediatr
  • Neurol 2009;40:449–54.

PREVALENCE OF CHIARI TYPE I MALFORMATION ON CERVICAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

Year 2016, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 40 - 45, 30.04.2016

Abstract

Objectives: Chiari malformation is characterized by caudal herniation of cerebellar tonsils from foramen magnum into the cervical canal on radiological images. Type I Chiari malformation is the herniation of cerebellar tonsils more than 3 mm which does not cause any symptoms until adulthood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of Chiari type I malformation.
Methods: In this retrospective study, cervical magnetic resonance images taken between 2013 and 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were 18–70 year old males and females. Type I Chiari malformation was defined as an inferior displacement of the cerebellar tonsils more than 3 mm below the opisthion-basion line. The patients with intracranial lesions, hydrocephalus or previous craniotomy were excluded from the study.
Results: The prevalence of Chiari type I malformation was found as 4% when both genders were taken into consideration. The prevalence was 3.3% in females and 0.7% in males. Chiari type I malformation was associated with syringomyelia in 0.5% of females and 0.2% of males. In the present study, concomitant syringomyelia was observed in 0.7% of the patients. On the other hand, incidence of Chiari type I malformation was found relatively higher in the patients with scoliosis (15.4%). The ratio of this co-occurrence was higher in females (11.4%) when compared to the males (4%).
Conclusion: In the present study, the prevalence of Chiari type I malformation was investigated in a large population, consisting of 2480 individuals, and its association with syringomyelia and scoliosis.

References

  • Elam MJ, Vaughn JA. Chiari type I malformations in young adults:
  • implications for the college health practitioner. J Am Coll Health
  • ;59:757–9.
  • Fernandes YB, Ramina R, Campos-Herrera CR, Borges G.
  • Evolutinary hypothesis for Chiari type I malformation. Med
  • Hypotheses 2013;81:715–9.
  • Fernández AA, Guerrero AI, Martínez MI, Vázquez ME, Fernández
  • JB, Chesa I Octavio E, Labrado Jde L, Silva ME, de Araoz MF,
  • García-Ramos R, Ribes MG, Gómez C, Valdivia JI, Valbuena RN,
  • Ramón JR. Malformations of the craniocervical junction (Chiari type
  • I and syringomyelia: classification, diagnosis and treatment). BMC
  • Musculoskelet Disord 2009;17:10:S1.
  • Godzik J, Kelly MP, Radmanesh A, Kim D, Holekamp TF, Smyth
  • MD, Lenke LG, Shimony JS, Park TS, Leonard J, Limbrick DD.
  • Relationship of syrinx size and tonsillar descent to spinal deformity
  • in Chiari malformation type I with associated syringomyelia. J
  • Neurosurg Pediatr 2014;13:368–74.
  • Isik N, Elmaci I, Isik N, Cerci SA, Basaran R, Gura M, Kalelioglu M.
  • Long-term results and complications of the syringopleural shunting
  • for treatment of syringomyelia: a clinical study. Br J Neurosurg 2013;
  • :91–9.
  • Leikola J, Haapamäki V, Karppinen A, Koljonen V, Hukki J,
  • Valanne L, Koivikko M. Morphometric comparison of foramen
  • magnum in non-syndromic craniosynostosis patients with or without
  • Chiari I malformation. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2012;154:1809–13.
  • Meadows J, Kraut M, Guarnieri M, Haroun RI, Carson BS.
  • Asymptomatic Chiari type I malformations identified on magnetic
  • resonance imaging. J Neurosurg 2000;92:920–6.
  • Oldfield EH, Muraszko K, Shawker TH, Patronas NJ. Pathophysiology
  • of syringomyelia associated with Chiari 1 malformation of cerebellar
  • tonsils. J Neurosurg 1994;80:3–15.
  • Aiken AH, Hoots JA, Saindane AM, Hudgins PA. Incidence of cerebellar
  • tonsillar ectopia in idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a
  • mimic of the Chiari I malformation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2012;
  • :1901–6.
  • Erdogan E, Cansever T, Secer HI, Temiz C, Sirin S, Kabatas S,
  • Gonul E. The evaluation of surgical treatment options in the Chiari
  • malformation type I. Turk Neurosurg 2010;20:303–13.
  • Hwang HS, Moon JG, Kim CH, Oh SM, Song JH, Jeong JH. The
  • comparative morphometric study of the posterior cranial fossa: what
  • is effective approaches to the treatment of Chiari malformation type
  • I. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2013;54:405–10.
  • Kim IK, Wang KC, Kim IO, Cho BK. Chiari 1.5 malformation:: an
  • advanced form of Chiari I malformation. J Korean Neurosurg Soc
  • ;48:375–9.
  • Oakes WJ, Tubbs RS. Chiari malformations. In: Winn HR, editor.
  • Youmans neurological surgery. A comprehensive reference guide to
  • the diagnosis and management of neurosurgical problems. 5th ed.
  • Philadelphia: Saunders; 2004. p. 3347–61.
  • Noudel R, Jovenin N, Eap C, Scherpereel B, Pierot L, Rousseaux P.
  • Incidence of basioccipital hypoplasia in Chiari malformation type I:
  • comparative morphometric study of the posterior cranial fossa. J
  • Neurosurg 2009;111:1046–52.
  • Koyanagi I, Houkin K. Pathogenesis of syringomyelia associated
  • with Chiari type 1 malformation: review of evidences and proposal of
  • a new hypothesis. Neurosurg Rev 2010;33:271–84.
  • Zhu Z, Sha S, Sun X, Liu Z, Yan H, Zhu W, Wang Z, Qiu Y.
  • Tapering of the cervical spinal canal in patients with distended or
  • nondistended syringes secondary to Chiari type I malformation.
  • AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2014;35:2021–6.
  • Smith BW, Strahle J, Bapuraj JR, Muraszko KM, Garton HJ, Maher
  • CO. Distribution of cerebellar tonsil position: implications for
  • understanding Chiari malformation. J Neurosurg 2013;119:812–9.
  • Kahn EN, Muraszko KM, Maher CO. Prevalence of Chiari I malformation
  • and syringomyelia. Neurosurg Clin N Am 2015;26:501–7.
  • Leikola J, Koljonen V, Valanne L, Hukki J. The incidence of Chiari
  • malformation in nonsyndromic, single suture craniosynostosis. Childs
  • Nerv Syst 2010;26:771–4.
  • Elster AD, Chen MY. Chiari I malformations: clinical and radiologic
  • reappraisal. Radiology 1992;183:347–53.
  • Milhorat TH, Chou MW, Trinidad EM, Kula RW, Mandell M,
  • Wolpert C, Speer MC. Chiari I malformation redefined: clinical and
  • radiographic findings for 364 symptomatic patients. Neurosurgery
  • ;44:1005–17.
  • Vernooij MW, Ikram MA, Tanghe HL, Vincent AJ, Hofman A,
  • Krestin GP, Niessen WJ, Breteler MM, van der Lugt A. Incidental findings on brain MRI in general populatio. N Engl J Med 2007;357:
  • –8.
  • Banik R, Lin D, Miller NR. Prevalence of Chiari I malformation and
  • cerebellar ectopia in patients with pseudotumor cerebri. J Neurol Sci
  • ;247:71–5.
  • National Institude of Neurological Disorders and Strokes (NINDS).
  • Chiari malformation fact sheet. [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National
  • Institutes of Health (NIH) Neurological Institute; [cited 2009 Sep 1].
  • Available from: http://www. ninds.nih.gov/disorders/chiari/.
  • Aitken LA, Lindan CE, Sidney S, Gupta N, Barkovich AJ, Sorel M,
  • Wu YW. Chiari type I malformation in a pediatric population. Pediatr
  • Neurol 2009;40:449–54.
There are 87 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Original Articles
Authors

Hale Öktem This is me

Alper Dilli

Ayla Kürkçüoğlu

Handan Soysal This is me

Canan Yazıcı This is me

Can Pelin This is me

Publication Date April 30, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016 Volume: 10 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Öktem, H., Dilli, A., Kürkçüoğlu, A., Soysal, H., et al. (2016). PREVALENCE OF CHIARI TYPE I MALFORMATION ON CERVICAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY. Anatomy, 10(1), 40-45.
AMA Öktem H, Dilli A, Kürkçüoğlu A, Soysal H, Yazıcı C, Pelin C. PREVALENCE OF CHIARI TYPE I MALFORMATION ON CERVICAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY. Anatomy. June 2016;10(1):40-45.
Chicago Öktem, Hale, Alper Dilli, Ayla Kürkçüoğlu, Handan Soysal, Canan Yazıcı, and Can Pelin. “PREVALENCE OF CHIARI TYPE I MALFORMATION ON CERVICAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY”. Anatomy 10, no. 1 (June 2016): 40-45.
EndNote Öktem H, Dilli A, Kürkçüoğlu A, Soysal H, Yazıcı C, Pelin C (June 1, 2016) PREVALENCE OF CHIARI TYPE I MALFORMATION ON CERVICAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY. Anatomy 10 1 40–45.
IEEE H. Öktem, A. Dilli, A. Kürkçüoğlu, H. Soysal, C. Yazıcı, and C. Pelin, “PREVALENCE OF CHIARI TYPE I MALFORMATION ON CERVICAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY”, Anatomy, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 40–45, 2016.
ISNAD Öktem, Hale et al. “PREVALENCE OF CHIARI TYPE I MALFORMATION ON CERVICAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY”. Anatomy 10/1 (June 2016), 40-45.
JAMA Öktem H, Dilli A, Kürkçüoğlu A, Soysal H, Yazıcı C, Pelin C. PREVALENCE OF CHIARI TYPE I MALFORMATION ON CERVICAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY. Anatomy. 2016;10:40–45.
MLA Öktem, Hale et al. “PREVALENCE OF CHIARI TYPE I MALFORMATION ON CERVICAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY”. Anatomy, vol. 10, no. 1, 2016, pp. 40-45.
Vancouver Öktem H, Dilli A, Kürkçüoğlu A, Soysal H, Yazıcı C, Pelin C. PREVALENCE OF CHIARI TYPE I MALFORMATION ON CERVICAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY. Anatomy. 2016;10(1):40-5.

Anatomy is the official journal of Turkish Society of Anatomy and Clinical Anatomy (TSACA).