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Çocukluk Döneminde Cinsel İstismar Üzerine Yapılan Çalışmaların İçerik Analizi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 23 - 40, 05.10.2020

Öz

Amaç: Çocuk cinsel istismarı çocuğun fiziksel, zihinsel ve duygusal gelişim düzeyi göz önüne alındığında anlamlandıramayacağı, kendi rızası dışında gelişen cinsel eylemlere zorla ya da ikna edilerek dâhil edilmesidir. Çocukluk döneminde cinsel istismara maruz kalmak çocuğun tüm gelişim alanlarını uzun ve kısa vadeli olarak önemli ölçüde etkileyen küresel halk sağlığı sorunlarından biridir. Bu çalışmanın amacı çocukluk döneminde görülen cinsel istismara yönelik yapılmış çalışmaların sistematik bir şekilde değerlendirilmesidir.
Yöntem: Değerlendirmede 01.01.2019 - 05.05.2020 tarihleri arasında PubMed veri tabanına ait yayınlardan ‘child sexual abuse’ sözcük grubu kullanılarak yapılan arama ile ulaşılan çalışmalar taranmıştır. Bu anahtar kelime ile ilgili tarih aralığı sınırlandırılarak toplam 3201 çalışma görüntülenmiş olup tam metin olarak 2649 çalışmaya ulaşılmıştır. Konunun içeriği, yaş aralığı (0-18), başlık ve anahtar kelime uygunluğu, araştırma makalesi olması gibi kriterler değerlendirilerek uygun olmayan araştırmalar, derleme makaleler ve meta-analiz çalışmaları bu çalışmaya dâhil edilmemiştir. Değerlendirme kriterlerini karşılamayan çalışmalar çıkarıldığında toplam 12 makale incelenmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmalar incelendiğinde çalışma grubunun çoğunu ergenlerin oluşturduğu, cinsel istismar öyküsü olan çocukların, istismarcılarının çoğunun yakınlarındaki kişiler olduğu, istismarın zararlı madde kullanımı, depresyon, anksiyete, uyku bozuklukları, travma sonrası stres bozukluğu ile ilgili doğrudan ilişkisi olduğu ve intihar etme düşüncelerinin olduğu bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Çocuk cinsel istismarı çocuğun hayatında derin izler bırakarak yetişkinliğe kadar etkisini sürdüren problemlere neden olmaktadır. Cinsel istismarın risk faktörleri ve sonuçları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeye yönelik araştırmalar, erken müdahale ve önleme programlarına yönelik araştırmalara göre daha fazladır. Çocuk cinsel istismarı yaygınlığını azaltmak için gelişimi bilen kişiler tarafından yapılacak değerlendirmelere, aile ve okul temelli programlara, bu değerlendirme ve programların etkililiğinin araştırılmasına ihtiyaç vardır.

Kaynakça

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Toplam 61 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Melis Hıdır

Fatma Elif Kılınç 0000-0001-8372-5047

Yayımlanma Tarihi 5 Ekim 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 16 Temmuz 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Hıdır M, Kılınç FE. Çocukluk Döneminde Cinsel İstismar Üzerine Yapılan Çalışmaların İçerik Analizi. TSAD. 2020;1(1):23-40.