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Kent Yoksulluğunun Etkileri: Öğrencilerin Deneyimleri Üzerinden Bir Değerlendirme

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 570 - 606, 31.07.2023

Öz

Kentlerde yaşayan kent yoksulu ailelerin çocukları başta nitelikli eğitim ve kaliteli yaşam olmak üzere kentin sunduğu birçok olanaktan mahrum olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada kent yoksulu ailelerin çocukları ile yüz yüze yapılan derinlemesine görüşmeler çerçevesinde çocukların öğrenim hayatına etki edebilecek durumları belirlemek ve özelliklerini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden fenomenolojik desen kullanılarak yürütülmüştür. Çalışma grubu seçilirken, öğrencilerin kent yoksulu olmalarını ve ikincil bir dezavantaja sahip olma durumlarına (parçalanmış aile, mahkûm ebeveyn, farklı etnik kökene sahip olma vs) dikkat edilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda 14 öğrenciyle yüz yüze görüşmeler yapılmış ve görüşmelerde yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Görüşmelerden elde edilen veriler içerik analizi tekniğiyle çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmanın bulguları katılımcı çocukların aile ve ev düzenine, oturdukları mahalleye, sosyo-kültürel ortamına ve ihtiyaçlarına ilişkin olmak üzere sırasıyla sunulmuştur. Bu bulgular ışığında kent yoksulluğunun nitelikli eğitim çıktılarını nasıl etkilediği tartışılmıştır. Olumsuz etkilerin öğretmenler, okul yöneticileri, aile ve diğer sosyal aktörlerin koordineli bir şekilde çalışmasıyla iyileştirilebileceğine yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Destekleyen Kurum

TÜBİTAK

Proje Numarası

120K993

Kaynakça

  • Akar, H. (2010). Challenges for schools in communities with internal migration flows: Evidence from Turkey. International Journal of Educational Development, 30, 263-276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2009.11.003
  • Angrist, J. & Lang, K. (2004). Does school integration generate peer effects? Evidence from Boston’s Metco Program. American Economic Review, 94(5), 1613-1634. https://doi.org/10.1257/0002828043052169 Aslanargun, E., Bozkurt, S. & Sarıoğlu, S. (2016). Sosyo-ekonomik değişkenlerin öğrencilerin akademik başarısı üzerine etkileri. [The impacts of socioeconomic variables on the academic success of the students]. Uşak University Journal of Social Sciences, 9(27/3), 214-234.
  • Avcı, M. (2008). Tutuklu çocuklar üzerine bir araştırma: Çocukların suça yönelmesinde etkili olan toplumsal nedenler ve çözüm önerileri. [A study on detained children: Social reasons and solution suggestions for children's tendency towards crime]. Current Perspectives in Social Sciences, 11(1), 49-73.
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  • Barış, İ. (2009). Sokakta yaşayan çocuklar ve aileleri (İstanbul örneği). [Children living on the streets and their families (Istanbul case study)]. Istanbul Journal of Sociological Studies, 0(39), 87-114.
  • Berigel, S. & Eroğlu, İ. (2019). Türkiye’de çocuk işçiliğinin dinamikleri. [The dynamics of child labor in Turkey]. Social Sciences Researches Journal, (Special issue), 39-56.
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The Effects of Urban Poverty: An Evaluation on Students' Experiences

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 570 - 606, 31.07.2023

Öz

Children of urban poor families living in cities may be deprived of many opportunities offered by the city, especially quality education and quality life. This study aims to determine the situations that may affect the education life of children and to reveal their characteristics within the framework of face-to-face interviews with the children of urban poor families. The study was carried out using a phenomenological design, one of the qualitative research methods. While choosing the study group, attention was paid to the fact that the students were urban poor and had a secondary disadvantage (broken family, imprisoned parents, having different ethnic origins, etc.). In this direction, face-to-face interviews were conducted with 14 students and a semi-structured interview form was used. The data obtained from the interviews were analyzed by content analysis technique. The findings of the study are presented in order, regarding the family and home arrangement, the neighborhood they live in, the sociocultural environment, and the needs of the participating children. In light of these findings, how urban poverty affects quality education outcomes is discussed. It has been suggested that adverse effects can be improved by the coordinated work of teachers, school administrators, families, and other social actors.

Proje Numarası

120K993

Kaynakça

  • Akar, H. (2010). Challenges for schools in communities with internal migration flows: Evidence from Turkey. International Journal of Educational Development, 30, 263-276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2009.11.003
  • Angrist, J. & Lang, K. (2004). Does school integration generate peer effects? Evidence from Boston’s Metco Program. American Economic Review, 94(5), 1613-1634. https://doi.org/10.1257/0002828043052169 Aslanargun, E., Bozkurt, S. & Sarıoğlu, S. (2016). Sosyo-ekonomik değişkenlerin öğrencilerin akademik başarısı üzerine etkileri. [The impacts of socioeconomic variables on the academic success of the students]. Uşak University Journal of Social Sciences, 9(27/3), 214-234.
  • Avcı, M. (2008). Tutuklu çocuklar üzerine bir araştırma: Çocukların suça yönelmesinde etkili olan toplumsal nedenler ve çözüm önerileri. [A study on detained children: Social reasons and solution suggestions for children's tendency towards crime]. Current Perspectives in Social Sciences, 11(1), 49-73.
  • Baker, J. L. (2008). Urban poverty: a global view. World Bank Group.
  • Barış, İ. (2009). Sokakta yaşayan çocuklar ve aileleri (İstanbul örneği). [Children living on the streets and their families (Istanbul case study)]. Istanbul Journal of Sociological Studies, 0(39), 87-114.
  • Berigel, S. & Eroğlu, İ. (2019). Türkiye’de çocuk işçiliğinin dinamikleri. [The dynamics of child labor in Turkey]. Social Sciences Researches Journal, (Special issue), 39-56.
  • Berman, J.D., McCormack, M.C., Koehler, K.A., Connolly, F., Clemons-Erby, D., Davis, M.F., Gummerson, C., Leaf, P.J., Jones, T.D. & Curriero, F.C. (2018). School environmental conditions and links to academic performance and absenteeism in urban, mid-Atlantic public schools. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 221(5), 800-808. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2018.04.015
  • Black, M. M. & Krishnakumar, A. (1998). Children in low-income, urban settings: Interventions to promote mental health and well-being. American Psychologist, 53(6), 635-646. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.53.6.635
  • Bronfenbrenner, U. (1974). Developmental research, public policy, and the ecology of childhood. Child Development, 45(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.2307/1127743
  • Bronfenbrenber, U. (1977). Toward an experimental ecology of human development. American Psychologist, 32(7), 513-531. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.32.7.513
  • Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design. Harvard University.https://khoerulanwarbk.files.wordpress.com/2015/08/urie_bronfenbrenner_the_ecology_of_human_developbokos-z1.pdf
  • Bronfenbrenner, U. (1986). Ecology of the family as a context for human development: Research perspectives. Developmental Psychology, 22(6), 723-742. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.22.6.723
  • Capra, T. (2009). Poverty and its impact on education: Today and tomorrow. Thought & Action, 75-81.
  • Chamhuri, N. H., Karim, H. A. & Hamdan, H. (2012). Conceptual Framework of urban poverty reduction: A review of literature. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 68, 804-814. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.12.268
  • Cole, J. (2011). A research review: The importance of families and the home environment. National Literacy Trust. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED521654.pdf
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  • Marcenko, M., Lyons, S. J. & Courtney, M. (2011). Mothers’ experiences, resources and needs: The context for reunification. Children and Youth Services Review, 33(3), 431-438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2010.06.020
  • Mutlu, V. E. (2017). Türkiye’de çocuk hakları ve kentsel yoksulluk. [Urban poverty and child rights in Turkey]. İnsan Hakları Yıllığı, (35), 51-57.
  • Othman, A., Mohd Ali, H., Hussien, S., Abdullah, M. A., Ruslan, N. & Souad, M. (2021). Influence of urban poverty on students’ academic optimism: Does government assistance play a role? IIUM Journal of Educational Studies, 9(4), 37-57. https://10.31436/ijes.v9i4.378
  • Owusu-Acheaw, M. & Larson, A. G. (2014). Reading habits among students and its effect on academic performance: A study of students of Koforidua Polytechnic Library Philosophy and Practice. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2908&context=libphilprac
  • Özbay, F. (2009). Urban poverty and social exclusion [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. İstanbul University.
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  • Öztürk, A.B. (2008). Rights to life, health, and nutrition in the context of child poverty. Society and Social Work, 19(2), 67-80.
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  • Pelton, L. (2015). The continuing role of material factors in child maltreatment and placement. Child Abuse & Neglect, (41), 30-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.08.001
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  • Rodríguez, L. F. & Conchas, G. Q. (2009). Preventing truancy and dropout among urban middle school youth: Understanding community-based action from the student’s perspective. Education and Urban Society, 41(2), 216-247. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013124508325681
  • Russell, M., Harris, B. & Gockel, A. (2008). Parenting in poverty: Perspectives of high-risk parents. Journal of Children and Poverty, 14(1), 83-98. https://doi.org/10.1080/10796120701871322
  • Ryan, A. (2000). Peer groups as a context for the socialization of adolescents' motivation, engagement, and achievement in school. Educational Psychologist, 35(2), 101-111. https://10.1207/T15326985EP3502_4
  • Ryan, D. & Paquette, D. (2001). Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory. https://dropoutprevention.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/paquetteryanwebquest_20091110.pdf
  • Sadıkoğlu, Z. Z. (2022). Modern Türk aile yapısında ve kadınların uğraşlarında değişme. [Change in modern Turkish family structure and women's occupations]. Journal of TESAM Akademy, 9(1), 317-347. https://doi.org/10.30626/tesamakademi.986225
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  • Silva-Laya, M., D’Angelo, N., García, E., Zúñiga, L. & Fernández, T. (2020). Urban poverty and education. A systematic literature review. Educational Research Review, 29. 100280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2019.05.002
  • Spengler, M., Gottschling, J., Hahn, E., Tucker-Drab, E.M., Harzer, C. & Spinath, F.M. (2018). Does heritability of cognitive abilities vary as a function of parental education? Evidence from a German twin sample. Plos One, 13(5). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0196597
  • Sümer, O. (2022). Kent yoksulluğu ile mücadelede yerel yönetimlerin rolü. [Role of local administrations in combating urban poverty]. Planlama, 32(2), 221-246. https://10.14744/planlama.2021.53215
  • Tabak, H. (2020) Eğitime aile katılımı: Sosyo-ekonomik özellikler etkiliyor mu?. [Parental involvement in education: Does it affect socio-economic characteristics?]. Ondokuz Mayis University Journal of Education Faculty, 39(1), 104-121.
  • Tarikci, S. & Eraslan, F. (2015). Kültürel ve sosyal hizmet modeli oluşturulması için yoksulluk araştırması. [Poverty survey for cultural and social service modeling]. The Community Volunteers Foundation. https://e-kutuphane.ihem.barobirlik.org.tr/items/9b7c4b15-c545-4c37-a542-adfb032de1e1
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  • Yenipınar, Ş. & Yıldırım, K. (2017). Analyzing the psychological unsafety in schools in terms of individual and institutional variables. Educational Administration Theory and Practice, 23(4), 717-747. https://10.14527/kuey.2017.022
  • Yetim, N. & Çağlayandereli, M. (2007). Toplumsal algı boyutuyla sokakta çalışan çocuklar: Mersin örneği. [Children working on the streets in terms of social perception: Mersin case]. The Journal of Sociology, 3(14), 32-55.
  • Yıldız, Ö. (2006). Türkiye’de çocuk işçi sorununun toplumsal görünümü. [The social prospect of the problem of child labour in Turkey]. Journal of Qafqaz University, (18), 134-139.
  • Yılmaz, B. (2006). Yakındaki uzak: İstanbul’un bir kentiçi mahallesinde sosyal dışlanma ve mekânsal sürgün. [Nearby is distant: Social exclusion and spatial exile in an inner-city neighborhood of Istanbul]. F. Adaman & Ç. Keyder (Ed.). In Poverty and social exclusion in the gecekondu and slum neighborhoods of big cities in Turkey (pp. 27-39). European Commission, Local Community Action Program on Combating Social Exclusion 2002-2006. https://www.academia.edu/5228305/Yak%C4%B1ndaki_Uzak_ %C4%B0stanbul_un_bir_Kenti%C3%A7i_Mahallesinde_Sosyal_D%C4%B1%C5%9Flanma_ve_Mekansal_S%C3%BCrg%C3%BCn_ Zilberstein, K. (2016). Parenting in families of low socioeconomic status: A review with implications for child welfare practice. Family Court Review, 54(2), 221-231. https://10.1111/fcre.12222
Toplam 75 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Alan Eğitimleri
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Orhan Kahya 0000-0001-7932-2982

Perihan Korkut 0000-0002-5037-0267

Kasım Yıldırım 0000-0003-1406-709X

Sergender Sezer 0000-0002-7097-8691

Tuğba Hoşgörür 0000-0001-7109-3935

Mirace Karaca Evren 0000-0003-4565-3200

Mine Kizir 0000-0001-8801-5693

Eda Yeşil 0000-0002-4841-6545

Vural Hoşgörür 0000-0001-8734-1171

Proje Numarası 120K993
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Temmuz 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Kahya, O., Korkut, P., Yıldırım, K., Sezer, S., vd. (2023). The Effects of Urban Poverty: An Evaluation on Students’ Experiences. Türk Akademik Yayınlar Dergisi (TAY Journal), 7(2), 570-606.

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