BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Ekrandan okumanın okuduğunu anlamaya etkisi / Impact of reading from screen on reading comprehension

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 64 - 79, 31.12.2013

Öz

Özet

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ekrandan okumanın, öğrencilerin okuduğunu anlama düzeylerine etkisini belirlemektir. Araştırma, nitel ve nicel analiz tekniklerinin birlikte kullanıldığı karma araştırma modeline göre yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden ön-test son-test kontrol gruplu model; nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden de mülâkat tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın bağımlı değişkeni, öğrencilerin okuduğunu anlama düzeyleridir. Araştırmanın bağımsız değişkeni de okuma metninin sunulduğu ortamdır. Deney grubundaki öğrenciler belirlenen metinleri bilgisayar ekranından; kontrol grubundaki öğrenciler de basılı sayfadan okumuşlardır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, 2012-2013 öğretim yılında Kocaeli ili Kandıra ilçesindeki bir devlet ortaokulunun 8/A ve 8/B sınıflarında öğrenim görmekte olan toplam 41 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın nicel verileri “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, “Okuma Metinleri” ve “Bilgi Testi” ile elde edilmiştir. Nitel verileri de yarı yapılandırılmış mülâkat formu ile elde edilmiştir. Araştırmanın nitel verileri içerik analizi, içerik analizi türlerinden de kategorisel analiz kullanılarak; nicel verileri ise “SPSS 17 for Windows” paket programına aktarılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, ekrandan okumanın deney grubundaki öğrencilerin okuduğunu anlamalarını etkilemediği; okuma metinlerini ekrandan okuyan deney grubu öğrencileri ile okuma metinlerini basılı sayfadan okuyan kontrol grubu öğrencileri arasında okuduğunu anlama bakımından istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır (p>05). Ayrıca araştırmanın nitel verileri, deney grubundaki öğrencilerin her iki okuma ortamından okuduğunu anlama noktasında farklı algılara sahip olduğunu ve ekrandan okuma sürecinde göz, baş ve vücutlarında çeşitli rahatsızlıklar yaşadıklarını ortaya çıkarmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Ekrandan okuma, Basılı sayfadan okuma, Okuduğunu anlama

Kaynakça

  • Abdullah, N. and Gibb, F. (2008). Students’ attitudes toward e-books in Scottish higher education institute: part 1. Library Review, 57(8), 593-605. DOI:10.1108/0024253081089957
  • Ackerman, R. (2009). The subjective feelings of comprehension and remembering accompanying text learning on-screen. Proceedings of the Chais Conference on Instructional Technologies Research 2009: Learning in the Technological Era. In Y. Eshet-Alkalai, A. Caspi, S. Eden, N. Geri and Y. Yair (Eds). pp. 1-7. The Open University of Israel, Raanana.
  • Ackerman, R. and Goldsmith, M. (2008). Learning Directly From Screen? Oh-No, I Must Print It! Metacognitive Analysis of Digitally Presented Text Learning. Proceedings of the Chais Conference on Instructional Technologies Research 2008: Learning in the Technological Era. In Y. Eshet-Alkalai, A. Caspi and N. Geri (Eds.). pp. 1-7. The University of Israel, Raanana.
  • Ackerman, R. and Lauterman, T. (2012). Taking reading comprehension exams on screen or on paper? a metacognitive analysis of learning texts under time pressure. Computers in Human Behavior. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.04.023
  • Airworth, S. and Burcham, S. (2007). The impact of text coherence on learning by self-explanation. Learning and Instruction, 17, 286-303. DOI:10.1016/j.learninstruc.2007.02.004
  • Al-Issa, A. (2006). Schema theory and L2 reading comprehension: implications for teaching. Journal of College Teaching & Learning, 3(7),41-48. http://scholar.google.com.tr/scholar_url?hl=tr&q=http://journals.cluteonline.com/index.ph
  • p/TLC/article/download/1700/1680&sa=X&scisig=AAGBfm1EN7uvF3zxdjUDIYKLvPg
  • hjow_Zg&oi=scholarr&ei=dLRkUYjyDsyS7Aag0oCgBQ&ved=0CCgQgAMoADAA 19.01.2013 tarihinde adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Amer, A. A. (1992). The effects of story grammar instruction on efl students’ comprehension of narrative text. Reading in Foreign Languages, 8(2), 711-720. http://nflrc.hawaii.edu/rfl/PastIssues/rfl82amer.pdf 20.06.2012 tarihinde adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Anderson, L. T. (2012). Examining elementary students’ use of electronic readers for independent reading. (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation). University of Tennessee, USA.
  • Armstrong, S. and Warlick, D. (15 September 2004). The new literacy. tech-learning: The resource for technology education.
  • http://dpts.sd57.bc.ca/~gthielmann/share/TechlearningNewLiteracy.pdf 07.12.2012 tarihinde adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Auman, S. A. (2002). High school students’ decisions to read print or electronic text: learning outcomes and preferences. (Unpublished Master’s Thesis). University of North Carolina, USA.
  • Baker, R. D. (2010). Comparing the readability of text displays on paper, e-book readers, and small screen devices. (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation). University of Texas, USA.
  • Berger, N. E. (2010). The effects of Nookcolors on reading and comprehension in an english language learner (ell) classroom.
  • https://www.google.com.tr/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd1&cad=rja&ved=
  • CCwQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fmedia.wix.com%2Fugd%2Fa64973_a7c4540901e6e
  • aac216a75d966cb7.docx&ei=fdAnUatQiMy1BruygKAH&usg=AFQjCNGWZeHAIWD
  • YxD4yyHO0JfwDcF70pA&sig2=unlM1eKfTvPoTNVQpYpIWA 15.02.2013 tarihinde adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Bird, P. (1990). Elementary students’ comprehension of computer presented text. (Unpublished Master’s Thesis). The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
  • Bleeker, E. (2010). On reading in the digital age.
  • http://www.stichtinglezen.be/uploads/scriptieprijs/bleeker_red.pdf 10.02.2013 tarihinde adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Booth, K. G. (2011). Literacy and technology: The possibilities of electronic books to affect literacy skills.
  • https://www.google.com.tr/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=9&cad=rja&ved
  • =0CIgBEBYwCA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fearlyactionresearch.wikispaces.com%2Ffile%2
  • Fview%2FLiteracy%2Band%2BTechnology%2BLiterature%2BReview.doc&ei=is1DUeH
  • GJ4ntOs3ngKgE&usg=AFQjCNFkXeC9IbnF5_DYC59q7eHtSMZ76Q&sig2=Q2IGVsno
  • YXXzB_ngIrHbw&bvm=bv.43828540,d.ZWU 15.03.2013 tarihinde adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Braasch, J. L. G. and Goldman, S. R. (2010). The role of prior knowledge in learning from analogies in science texts. Discourse Processes, 47, 447-479.
  • http://content.ebscohost.com/pdf23_24/pdf/2010/7LQ/01Aug10/52756669.pdf 09.12.2012 tarihinde adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Chaparro, B. S., Shaikh, A. D. and Chaparro A. (14 February 2006). Examining the legibility of two new cleartype fonts. Usability News, 8(1). http://surl.org/examining-the-legibility-
  • of-two-new-cleartype-fonts/ 09.11.2012 tarihinde adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Chauhan, P. and Lal, P. (2012). Impact of information technology on reading habits of college students. IJRREST: International Journal of Research Review in Engineering
  • Science and Technology, 1(1), 101-106. http://ijrrest.org/issues/ijrrest_vol-1_issue-
  • _024.pdf adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Chen, C-N., Chen, S-C., Chen, S-H. E. and Wey, S-C. (2013). The effects of extensive reading via e-books on tertiary level efl students’ reading attitude, reading comprehension
  • and vocabulary. TOJET: The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 12(2), 303-312. http://www.tojet.net/articles/v12i2/12228.pdf adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Ciampa, K. (2010). The Impact of a Digital Children’s Literature Program on Primary Students’ Reading. (Unpublished Master’s Thesis). Faculty of Education, Brock
  • University, St. Catharines, Ontario.
  • Coiro, J. (2011). Predicting reading comprehension on the internet: contributions of offline reading skills, online reading skills, and prior knowledge. Journal of Literacy Research,
  • (10), 1-41. DOI:10.1177/1086296X11421979
  • Comber, T. (1994). The Importance of Text Width and White Space for Online Documentation. (Unpublished BAppSc (Hons) Thesis). Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, NSW.
  • Creswell, J. W. and Plano Clark, V. L. (2007). Designing and conducting mixed methods research. Thousand Oaks, California, London: Sage.
  • Cussack, E. (2013). The future of reading: examining the effect of digital text and haptics on reading performance. (Unpublished dissertation). Dun Laoghaire Instute of Art Design & Technology, Irish.
  • Çetin, Y. (5-7 Eylül 2007). Metin tarama ve okumada ekran kâğıt karşılaştırması. 16. Ulusal Eğitim Bilimleri Kongresi. Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi, Tokat.
  • Dağtaş, A. (2013). Öğretmenlerin basılı sayfa ve ekrandan okuma tercihleri ile eğitimde elektronik metin kullanımına yönelik görüşleri. Turkish Studies-International Periodical
  • for the Language, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic, 8(2), 1-25.
  • http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.4390
  • Dillon, A., McKnight, C. and Richardson, J. (1988). Reading from paper versus reading from screen. The Computer Journal, 31(5), 457-464.
  • https://www.ischool.utexas.edu/~adillon/Journals/Paper%20vs%20screens.htm 05.06.2012
  • tarihinde adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Du, Y. and Martin, B. (3-7 August 2008). Electronic media and leisure-time reading: responses of school librarians. International Association of School Librarians 2008 Conference Proceedings. Berkeley, CA, USA.
  • Dunning, H. (2004). A Mixed Method Approach to Quality of Life in Saskatoon. Canada: Printing Services, University of Saskatchewan.
  • Dündar, H. ve Akçayır, M. (2012). Tablet vs. paper: The effect on learners’ reading performance. International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 4(3), 441-450.
  • http://www.iejee.com/4_3_2012/IEJEE_4_3_441_450.pdf adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Easley, D. and Kleinberg, J. (2010). Networks, crowds, and markets: reasoning about a highly connected world. USA: Cambridge University Press.
  • Eden, S. and Eshet-Alkalai, Y. (2012). The effect of format on performance: editing text in print versus digital formats. British Journal of Educational Technology, 44(2).
  • DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8535.2012.01332.x
  • Ekiz, D. (2003). Eğitimde araştırma yöntem ve metotlarına giriş (nitel, nicel ve eleştirel kuram metodolojileri). Ankara: Anı Yayınları.
  • El Haddioui, I. and Khaldi, M. (2011). learner behaviour analysis through eye tracking. The 6th International Conference on Virtual Learning ICVL 2011. University of Bucharest and “Babeş-Bolyai” University of Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
  • Eno, L. P. (2011). Comparing the reading performance of high-achieving adolescents: computers-based testing versus paper/pencil. (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation). Seton Hall University, USA.
  • Ertem, İ. S. (2010). the effect of electronic storybooks on struggling fourth-graders’ reading comprehension. TOJET: The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 9(4),
  • -155. http://www.tojet.net/articles/v9i4/9414.pdf adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Focarile, D. A. (2005). The accerelated reader program and students’ attitudes toward reading. (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation). Baylor University, USA.
  • Frenckner, K. (1993). The problem of getting a global perspective when reading continuous texts from a computer screen.
  • http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.13.847 03.04.2012 tarihinde
  • adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Ganci, A. M. (2011). Redefining textbook: a user-centered approach to the creation, management and delivery of digital course content in higher education. (Unpublished Master’s Thesis). The Ohio State University, USA.
  • Glakjani, A. P. and Ahmadi, S. M. (2011). The relationship between l2 reading comprehension and schema theory: A matter of text familiarity. International Journal of
  • Information and Education Technology, 1(2), 142-149. http://www.ijiet.org/papers
Yıl 2013, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 64 - 79, 31.12.2013

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Abdullah, N. and Gibb, F. (2008). Students’ attitudes toward e-books in Scottish higher education institute: part 1. Library Review, 57(8), 593-605. DOI:10.1108/0024253081089957
  • Ackerman, R. (2009). The subjective feelings of comprehension and remembering accompanying text learning on-screen. Proceedings of the Chais Conference on Instructional Technologies Research 2009: Learning in the Technological Era. In Y. Eshet-Alkalai, A. Caspi, S. Eden, N. Geri and Y. Yair (Eds). pp. 1-7. The Open University of Israel, Raanana.
  • Ackerman, R. and Goldsmith, M. (2008). Learning Directly From Screen? Oh-No, I Must Print It! Metacognitive Analysis of Digitally Presented Text Learning. Proceedings of the Chais Conference on Instructional Technologies Research 2008: Learning in the Technological Era. In Y. Eshet-Alkalai, A. Caspi and N. Geri (Eds.). pp. 1-7. The University of Israel, Raanana.
  • Ackerman, R. and Lauterman, T. (2012). Taking reading comprehension exams on screen or on paper? a metacognitive analysis of learning texts under time pressure. Computers in Human Behavior. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.04.023
  • Airworth, S. and Burcham, S. (2007). The impact of text coherence on learning by self-explanation. Learning and Instruction, 17, 286-303. DOI:10.1016/j.learninstruc.2007.02.004
  • Al-Issa, A. (2006). Schema theory and L2 reading comprehension: implications for teaching. Journal of College Teaching & Learning, 3(7),41-48. http://scholar.google.com.tr/scholar_url?hl=tr&q=http://journals.cluteonline.com/index.ph
  • p/TLC/article/download/1700/1680&sa=X&scisig=AAGBfm1EN7uvF3zxdjUDIYKLvPg
  • hjow_Zg&oi=scholarr&ei=dLRkUYjyDsyS7Aag0oCgBQ&ved=0CCgQgAMoADAA 19.01.2013 tarihinde adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Amer, A. A. (1992). The effects of story grammar instruction on efl students’ comprehension of narrative text. Reading in Foreign Languages, 8(2), 711-720. http://nflrc.hawaii.edu/rfl/PastIssues/rfl82amer.pdf 20.06.2012 tarihinde adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Anderson, L. T. (2012). Examining elementary students’ use of electronic readers for independent reading. (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation). University of Tennessee, USA.
  • Armstrong, S. and Warlick, D. (15 September 2004). The new literacy. tech-learning: The resource for technology education.
  • http://dpts.sd57.bc.ca/~gthielmann/share/TechlearningNewLiteracy.pdf 07.12.2012 tarihinde adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Auman, S. A. (2002). High school students’ decisions to read print or electronic text: learning outcomes and preferences. (Unpublished Master’s Thesis). University of North Carolina, USA.
  • Baker, R. D. (2010). Comparing the readability of text displays on paper, e-book readers, and small screen devices. (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation). University of Texas, USA.
  • Berger, N. E. (2010). The effects of Nookcolors on reading and comprehension in an english language learner (ell) classroom.
  • https://www.google.com.tr/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd1&cad=rja&ved=
  • CCwQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fmedia.wix.com%2Fugd%2Fa64973_a7c4540901e6e
  • aac216a75d966cb7.docx&ei=fdAnUatQiMy1BruygKAH&usg=AFQjCNGWZeHAIWD
  • YxD4yyHO0JfwDcF70pA&sig2=unlM1eKfTvPoTNVQpYpIWA 15.02.2013 tarihinde adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Bird, P. (1990). Elementary students’ comprehension of computer presented text. (Unpublished Master’s Thesis). The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
  • Bleeker, E. (2010). On reading in the digital age.
  • http://www.stichtinglezen.be/uploads/scriptieprijs/bleeker_red.pdf 10.02.2013 tarihinde adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Booth, K. G. (2011). Literacy and technology: The possibilities of electronic books to affect literacy skills.
  • https://www.google.com.tr/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=9&cad=rja&ved
  • =0CIgBEBYwCA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fearlyactionresearch.wikispaces.com%2Ffile%2
  • Fview%2FLiteracy%2Band%2BTechnology%2BLiterature%2BReview.doc&ei=is1DUeH
  • GJ4ntOs3ngKgE&usg=AFQjCNFkXeC9IbnF5_DYC59q7eHtSMZ76Q&sig2=Q2IGVsno
  • YXXzB_ngIrHbw&bvm=bv.43828540,d.ZWU 15.03.2013 tarihinde adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Braasch, J. L. G. and Goldman, S. R. (2010). The role of prior knowledge in learning from analogies in science texts. Discourse Processes, 47, 447-479.
  • http://content.ebscohost.com/pdf23_24/pdf/2010/7LQ/01Aug10/52756669.pdf 09.12.2012 tarihinde adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Chaparro, B. S., Shaikh, A. D. and Chaparro A. (14 February 2006). Examining the legibility of two new cleartype fonts. Usability News, 8(1). http://surl.org/examining-the-legibility-
  • of-two-new-cleartype-fonts/ 09.11.2012 tarihinde adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Chauhan, P. and Lal, P. (2012). Impact of information technology on reading habits of college students. IJRREST: International Journal of Research Review in Engineering
  • Science and Technology, 1(1), 101-106. http://ijrrest.org/issues/ijrrest_vol-1_issue-
  • _024.pdf adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Chen, C-N., Chen, S-C., Chen, S-H. E. and Wey, S-C. (2013). The effects of extensive reading via e-books on tertiary level efl students’ reading attitude, reading comprehension
  • and vocabulary. TOJET: The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 12(2), 303-312. http://www.tojet.net/articles/v12i2/12228.pdf adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Ciampa, K. (2010). The Impact of a Digital Children’s Literature Program on Primary Students’ Reading. (Unpublished Master’s Thesis). Faculty of Education, Brock
  • University, St. Catharines, Ontario.
  • Coiro, J. (2011). Predicting reading comprehension on the internet: contributions of offline reading skills, online reading skills, and prior knowledge. Journal of Literacy Research,
  • (10), 1-41. DOI:10.1177/1086296X11421979
  • Comber, T. (1994). The Importance of Text Width and White Space for Online Documentation. (Unpublished BAppSc (Hons) Thesis). Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, NSW.
  • Creswell, J. W. and Plano Clark, V. L. (2007). Designing and conducting mixed methods research. Thousand Oaks, California, London: Sage.
  • Cussack, E. (2013). The future of reading: examining the effect of digital text and haptics on reading performance. (Unpublished dissertation). Dun Laoghaire Instute of Art Design & Technology, Irish.
  • Çetin, Y. (5-7 Eylül 2007). Metin tarama ve okumada ekran kâğıt karşılaştırması. 16. Ulusal Eğitim Bilimleri Kongresi. Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi, Tokat.
  • Dağtaş, A. (2013). Öğretmenlerin basılı sayfa ve ekrandan okuma tercihleri ile eğitimde elektronik metin kullanımına yönelik görüşleri. Turkish Studies-International Periodical
  • for the Language, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic, 8(2), 1-25.
  • http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.4390
  • Dillon, A., McKnight, C. and Richardson, J. (1988). Reading from paper versus reading from screen. The Computer Journal, 31(5), 457-464.
  • https://www.ischool.utexas.edu/~adillon/Journals/Paper%20vs%20screens.htm 05.06.2012
  • tarihinde adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Du, Y. and Martin, B. (3-7 August 2008). Electronic media and leisure-time reading: responses of school librarians. International Association of School Librarians 2008 Conference Proceedings. Berkeley, CA, USA.
  • Dunning, H. (2004). A Mixed Method Approach to Quality of Life in Saskatoon. Canada: Printing Services, University of Saskatchewan.
  • Dündar, H. ve Akçayır, M. (2012). Tablet vs. paper: The effect on learners’ reading performance. International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 4(3), 441-450.
  • http://www.iejee.com/4_3_2012/IEJEE_4_3_441_450.pdf adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Easley, D. and Kleinberg, J. (2010). Networks, crowds, and markets: reasoning about a highly connected world. USA: Cambridge University Press.
  • Eden, S. and Eshet-Alkalai, Y. (2012). The effect of format on performance: editing text in print versus digital formats. British Journal of Educational Technology, 44(2).
  • DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8535.2012.01332.x
  • Ekiz, D. (2003). Eğitimde araştırma yöntem ve metotlarına giriş (nitel, nicel ve eleştirel kuram metodolojileri). Ankara: Anı Yayınları.
  • El Haddioui, I. and Khaldi, M. (2011). learner behaviour analysis through eye tracking. The 6th International Conference on Virtual Learning ICVL 2011. University of Bucharest and “Babeş-Bolyai” University of Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
  • Eno, L. P. (2011). Comparing the reading performance of high-achieving adolescents: computers-based testing versus paper/pencil. (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation). Seton Hall University, USA.
  • Ertem, İ. S. (2010). the effect of electronic storybooks on struggling fourth-graders’ reading comprehension. TOJET: The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 9(4),
  • -155. http://www.tojet.net/articles/v9i4/9414.pdf adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Focarile, D. A. (2005). The accerelated reader program and students’ attitudes toward reading. (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation). Baylor University, USA.
  • Frenckner, K. (1993). The problem of getting a global perspective when reading continuous texts from a computer screen.
  • http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.13.847 03.04.2012 tarihinde
  • adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Ganci, A. M. (2011). Redefining textbook: a user-centered approach to the creation, management and delivery of digital course content in higher education. (Unpublished Master’s Thesis). The Ohio State University, USA.
  • Glakjani, A. P. and Ahmadi, S. M. (2011). The relationship between l2 reading comprehension and schema theory: A matter of text familiarity. International Journal of
  • Information and Education Technology, 1(2), 142-149. http://www.ijiet.org/papers
Toplam 70 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Havva Yaman

Abdullah Dağtaş

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2013
Gönderilme Tarihi 25 Haziran 2013
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2013 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Yaman, H., & Dağtaş, A. (2013). Ekrandan okumanın okuduğunu anlamaya etkisi / Impact of reading from screen on reading comprehension. Okuma Yazma Eğitimi Araştırmaları, 1(2), 64-79.


Creative Commons Lisansı
Okuma Yazma Eğitimi Araştırmaları / Research in Reading & Writing Instruction Creative Commons Atıf 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.