Distopik Romanlarda Yiyeceğin Kullanımı: Açlık Oyunları Serisi, Maddaddam Üçlemesi ve Sineklerin Tanrısı
Öz
Bu çalışmada, edebi bir tür olan distopik romanlarda yemek ve beslenme ögelerinin nasıl kullanıldığı incelenmektedir. Distopya türü, toplumun karanlık bir gelecekte baskıcı bir rejim veya çevresel felaketler tarafından yönetildiği kurgusal dünyalarda geçen hikayeleri ifade etmektedir. Bu romanlarda yemek ve beslenme otorite, sınırlama ve bireysel özgürlük gibi önemli ögelerin bir parçası olarak kullanılmaktadır. Distopyalarda, yemek genellikle sınırlı ve kısıtlıdır. Romanlardaki otoriter rejimler, yiyecek tedarikini elde tutarak halkı kontrol etmeye çalışmakta ve dağıtım merkezleri gibi yöntemlerle insanların besin alımlarını düzenlemektir. Bu durum, halkın açlıkla mücadele ettiği ve temel ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak için kaynaklarını paylaşmak zorunda kaldığı bir toplum yaratılmasına neden olmaktadır. Distopik romanlarda yemek aynı zamanda toplumun sosyal ve kültürel yönlerini de etkilemektedir. Bir araya gelmek, sınırlı kaynakları paylaşmak ve dayanışma içinde yaşamak, insanların baskıcı koşullarda birbirlerine destek olmasını sağlamaktadır. Ancak bu durum, bireysel ifadeyi ve farklı lezzetleri yok etmektedir. Distopik romanlarda, karakterlerin yiyecek tüketimi üzerinden toplumsal bağlarını ve kişiliklerini nasıl korudukları veya kaybettikleri anlatılmaktadır. Çalışmada, Açlık Oyunları serisi, MaddAddam üçlemesi ve Sineklerin Tanrısı romanlarında vurgulanan yiyecek, su ve diğer temel ihtiyaçların sınırlılığı, çevresel felaketler ve totaliter yönetimin toplum üzerindeki etkisi incelenecektir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Distopya Yemek Sineklerin Tanrısı MaddAddam Üçlemesi Açlık Oyunları Serisi
Etik Beyan
Bu çalışmanın hazırlanma sürecinde bilimsel ve etik ilkelere uyulduğu ve yararlanılan tüm çalışmaların kaynakçada belirtildiği beyan olunur.
Destekleyen Kurum
Çalışma, kamusal, özel, ticari nitelikte ya da kâr amacı gütmeyen herhangi bir kurumdan destek alınmadan hazırlanmıştır.
Kaynakça
- Atwood, M. (2003). ‘Oryx and Crake’, (pp.187-202-248), London: Bloomsbury.
- Atwood, M. (2005). ‘Writing with Intent’, (pp.286), New York: Carroll & Graff.
- Atwood, M. (2009; 2013). ‘The Year of the Flood’, London: Virago.
- Atwood, M. (2013; 2014). ‘Maddaddam’, (pp.176), New York: Anchor.
- Baker, J. R. (1965). ‘William Golding: A Critical Study’, New York: St Martin’s Press.
- Barthes, R. (1997). ‘Toward a Psychosociology of Contemporary Food Consumption’, In C. Counihan and P. Van Esterik (Eds.), (pp.28-35), New York: Routledge.
- Botelho, T. (2019). ‘What Will We Eat?’, Utopian Foodways, (pp.33-48), U. Porto Press.
- Booker, M. K. (1994). ‘The Dystopian Impulse in Modern Literature: Fiction as Social Criticism’, (pp.15), Connecticut: Greenwook Press.
- Collins, S. (2011). ‘The Hunger Games Trilogy’, (pp.18-41-146), New York: Scholastic Published, ISBN: 978-0-439-02348-1.
- Despain, M. (2012). ‘The Fine Reality of Hunger Satisfied’, In M. F. Pharr Et Al. (Eds.), Of Bread, Blood and The Hunger Games: Critical Essays on the Suzanne Collins Trilogy, (pp.69-79), North Carolina: Mcfarland.
- Ferns, C. (1999). ‘Narrating Utopia’, (pp.2), Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.
- Frankel, V. E. (2012). ‘Of Bread, Blood and the Hunger Games: Critical Essays On The Suzanne Collins Trilogy’, In M. F. Pharr Et Al. (Eds.), (pp.49-58), North Carolina: Mcfarland.
- Golding, W. (2001). Lord Of The Flies. Westminster, London: Penguin Books.
- Goodbody, A., ve Johns-Putra, A. (2019). “The Rise of the Climate Change Novel”, (pp. 229-45), In Book: Climate and Literature, Cambridge University Press.
- Lioniello, S. (2016). “The Food and Hunger Behind The Hunger Games.” Gastronomy, Culture, and the Arts: A Scholarly Exchange of Epic Portions, Conference Proceedings.
- Mchugh, S. (2010). “Real Artificial: Tissue-Cultured Meat, Genetically Modified Farm Animals, and Fictions”, Configurations, 18(1-2): 181-97. https://doi.org/10.1353/con.2010.0006
- Mcmahon, E. (2016). ‘Islands, İdentity and the Literary İmagination’, Cambridge University: Anthem Press.
- Neale, W. C. (1973). ‘Primitive Affluence: Stone Age Economics’, Science, 179(4071): 372-373. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.179.4071.372
- Olsen, K. (2000). ‘Understanding Lord Of The Flies: A Student Casebook to Issues, Sources, And Historical Documents’, London: Greenwood Press.
- Orwell, G. (1978). ‘1984’. 11.Ed. São Paulo: Companhia Ed. Nacional.
- Pavlik, A. (2012). ‘Absolute Power Games’, in M. F. Pharr Et Al. (Eds.), Of Bread, Blood and The Hunger Games: Critical Essays on the Suzanne Collins Trilogy, (pp.30-38), North Carolina: Mcfarland.
- Peksoy, E. (2014). ‘Food as control in the Hunger Games Trilogy’, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 158: 79-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.12.036.
- Sahlins, M. (1972). ‘Stone Age Economics’, Aldine-Atherton. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203715178
- Sousa Oliveira, M. J. (2019). “Please, oh Snowman, What is Toast?: Memories and Nostalgia for Food in Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale and Oryx and Crake”, (pp.49-58), In Botelho, Ramalhete Gomes and Reis, Porto: Porto Press.
- Uff, C. F. (2018). ‘A Literatura Distópica Juvenil E O Papel Do Corpo. Circulaçao Tramas & Sentidos Na Literatura’ (pp.4152-4163), ABRALIC Congresso Internacional.
- Varsam, M. (2003). ‘Concrete Dystopia: Slavery and its Others. In: Baccolini, Raffaella; Moylan, Tom (Orgs.). Dark Horizons: Science Fiction and the Dystopian Imagination (pp. 203-224), New York: Routledge.
- Xiao Xia. (2003). ‘Two Kinds of Human Nature Connotations in Two Island Novels: A Stylistic Comparative Analysis of the Pig-Hunting Scenes In "Lord of the Flies" and "Coral Island", Journal Of Tianjin Foreign Studies University, (1): 40-43.
- Xiao, M., ve Chen, H. (2022). ‘Envisioning a 'Good' Utopia on a Dystopian Island: Culinary and Cultural Conflicts in Lord of the Flies’, Island Studies Journal, 17(2): 91-108. DOI: 10.24043/isj.393
- Wain, D., ve Jones, P. J. (2018). “Food, Fearand Anxieties in Climate Change Fiction”, Text, 51:1-13. Wilk, R. (2009). ‘Urban Life and Systems of Food Metabolism’, Building Research &Information, 38(1): 127-129. Doi:10.1080/09613210903138092.
Öz
In this study, it is examined how food and nutrition elements are used in dystopian novels, which is a literary genre. The dystopian genre refers to stories set in fictional worlds where society is ruled by an oppressive regime or environmental disasters in a dark future. In these novels, food and nutrition are used as part of important elements such as authority, limitation and individual freedom. In dystopias, food is often limited and restricted. Authoritarian regimes in novel try to control the people by keeping the food supply and regulate people's food intake through methods such as distribution centers. This creates a society where the people struggle with hunger and have to share their basic needs. In dystopian novels, food also affects the social and cultural aspects of society. Coming together, sharing limited resources and living in solidarity enables people to support each other in oppressive conditions. However, this situation destroys individual expression and different flavors. In dystopian novels, it is told how the characters maintain or lose their social ties and personalities through food consumption. In this study, it will be examined the limitations of food, water and other basic needs, environmental disasters and the impact of totalitarian government on society, which are emphasized in the Hunger Games series, MaddAddam Trilogy and Lord of the Flies novels.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Distopia Food Lord of the Flies MaddAddam Trilogy Hunger Games
Etik Beyan
It is declared that scientific and ethical principles have been followed while carrying out and writing this study and that all the sources used have been properly cited.
Destekleyen Kurum
This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Kaynakça
- Atwood, M. (2003). ‘Oryx and Crake’, (pp.187-202-248), London: Bloomsbury.
- Atwood, M. (2005). ‘Writing with Intent’, (pp.286), New York: Carroll & Graff.
- Atwood, M. (2009; 2013). ‘The Year of the Flood’, London: Virago.
- Atwood, M. (2013; 2014). ‘Maddaddam’, (pp.176), New York: Anchor.
- Baker, J. R. (1965). ‘William Golding: A Critical Study’, New York: St Martin’s Press.
- Barthes, R. (1997). ‘Toward a Psychosociology of Contemporary Food Consumption’, In C. Counihan and P. Van Esterik (Eds.), (pp.28-35), New York: Routledge.
- Botelho, T. (2019). ‘What Will We Eat?’, Utopian Foodways, (pp.33-48), U. Porto Press.
- Booker, M. K. (1994). ‘The Dystopian Impulse in Modern Literature: Fiction as Social Criticism’, (pp.15), Connecticut: Greenwook Press.
- Collins, S. (2011). ‘The Hunger Games Trilogy’, (pp.18-41-146), New York: Scholastic Published, ISBN: 978-0-439-02348-1.
- Despain, M. (2012). ‘The Fine Reality of Hunger Satisfied’, In M. F. Pharr Et Al. (Eds.), Of Bread, Blood and The Hunger Games: Critical Essays on the Suzanne Collins Trilogy, (pp.69-79), North Carolina: Mcfarland.
- Ferns, C. (1999). ‘Narrating Utopia’, (pp.2), Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.
- Frankel, V. E. (2012). ‘Of Bread, Blood and the Hunger Games: Critical Essays On The Suzanne Collins Trilogy’, In M. F. Pharr Et Al. (Eds.), (pp.49-58), North Carolina: Mcfarland.
- Golding, W. (2001). Lord Of The Flies. Westminster, London: Penguin Books.
- Goodbody, A., ve Johns-Putra, A. (2019). “The Rise of the Climate Change Novel”, (pp. 229-45), In Book: Climate and Literature, Cambridge University Press.
- Lioniello, S. (2016). “The Food and Hunger Behind The Hunger Games.” Gastronomy, Culture, and the Arts: A Scholarly Exchange of Epic Portions, Conference Proceedings.
- Mchugh, S. (2010). “Real Artificial: Tissue-Cultured Meat, Genetically Modified Farm Animals, and Fictions”, Configurations, 18(1-2): 181-97. https://doi.org/10.1353/con.2010.0006
- Mcmahon, E. (2016). ‘Islands, İdentity and the Literary İmagination’, Cambridge University: Anthem Press.
- Neale, W. C. (1973). ‘Primitive Affluence: Stone Age Economics’, Science, 179(4071): 372-373. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.179.4071.372
- Olsen, K. (2000). ‘Understanding Lord Of The Flies: A Student Casebook to Issues, Sources, And Historical Documents’, London: Greenwood Press.
- Orwell, G. (1978). ‘1984’. 11.Ed. São Paulo: Companhia Ed. Nacional.
- Pavlik, A. (2012). ‘Absolute Power Games’, in M. F. Pharr Et Al. (Eds.), Of Bread, Blood and The Hunger Games: Critical Essays on the Suzanne Collins Trilogy, (pp.30-38), North Carolina: Mcfarland.
- Peksoy, E. (2014). ‘Food as control in the Hunger Games Trilogy’, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 158: 79-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.12.036.
- Sahlins, M. (1972). ‘Stone Age Economics’, Aldine-Atherton. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203715178
- Sousa Oliveira, M. J. (2019). “Please, oh Snowman, What is Toast?: Memories and Nostalgia for Food in Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale and Oryx and Crake”, (pp.49-58), In Botelho, Ramalhete Gomes and Reis, Porto: Porto Press.
- Uff, C. F. (2018). ‘A Literatura Distópica Juvenil E O Papel Do Corpo. Circulaçao Tramas & Sentidos Na Literatura’ (pp.4152-4163), ABRALIC Congresso Internacional.
- Varsam, M. (2003). ‘Concrete Dystopia: Slavery and its Others. In: Baccolini, Raffaella; Moylan, Tom (Orgs.). Dark Horizons: Science Fiction and the Dystopian Imagination (pp. 203-224), New York: Routledge.
- Xiao Xia. (2003). ‘Two Kinds of Human Nature Connotations in Two Island Novels: A Stylistic Comparative Analysis of the Pig-Hunting Scenes In "Lord of the Flies" and "Coral Island", Journal Of Tianjin Foreign Studies University, (1): 40-43.
- Xiao, M., ve Chen, H. (2022). ‘Envisioning a 'Good' Utopia on a Dystopian Island: Culinary and Cultural Conflicts in Lord of the Flies’, Island Studies Journal, 17(2): 91-108. DOI: 10.24043/isj.393
- Wain, D., ve Jones, P. J. (2018). “Food, Fearand Anxieties in Climate Change Fiction”, Text, 51:1-13. Wilk, R. (2009). ‘Urban Life and Systems of Food Metabolism’, Building Research &Information, 38(1): 127-129. Doi:10.1080/09613210903138092.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Sanat Sosyolojisi |
| Bölüm | Derleme |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 16 Ekim 2023 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2023 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 4 |
International Journal of Economics, Politics, Humanities & Social Sciences – IJEPHSS Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı (CC BY NC) ile lisanslanmıştır.