Öz
Environmental factors such as
noise, temperature, humidity and illumination have direct or indirect effects
on worker’s job performance, productivity, occupational health and safety.
Inappropriate conditions may decrease worker’s concentration towards tasks
which lead to low performance, poor quality, workplace hazards. It is important
to assess which factor has effect to improve job performance and avoid
accidents. The objective of this cross-sectional research is to investigate the
effects of environmental factors on job performance. Data are gathered from 92
workplaces and blue-collar workers in eight manufacturing companies in metal
industry. The average levels of 2760 measurements including four environmental
factors are determined as 91.88 dB(A) for noise, 23.99 °C for temperature,
36.35% for humidity and 289.34 lx for illumination. The overall job performance
score consisted of 15 contextual performance criteria is found as 3.30 of 5.00.
The best performance for all the workers is identified as “Treatment the supervisor
with respect” criterion. The results highlight the significant effect of noise
on “productivity”, temperature and illumination on “working systematically” and
humidity on “quality”.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Environmental factors Temperature Noise Humidity Illumination Job performance Productivity
Destekleyen Kurum
Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi
Proje Numarası
2017-1476.
Teşekkür
This study was supported by ESOGÜ as the Scientific Research Project 2017-1476.
Kaynakça
- Babalık, F., 2016. Mühendisler için ergonomi –İşbilim- [Ergonomics for engineers], Fifth Ed., Dora, Bursa.
- Borman, W.C., & Motowidlo, S.M., 1993. Expanding the criterion domain to include elements of contextual performance. Chapter in N. Schmitt and W. C. Borman (Eds.), Personnel selection in organizations (pp. 71-98). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
- Bridger, R.S. 1995. Introduction to Ergonomics, McGraw-Hill, Singapore.
- Chen, M. L., Chen, C. J., Yeh, W. Y., Huang, J. W., & Mao, I. F., 2003. Heat stress evaluation and worker fatigue in a steel plant. AIHA Journal 64(3), 352-359.
- Coleman VI, & Borman W.C., 2000. Investigating the underlying structure of the citizenship performance domain. Human Resource Management Review 10(1), 25-44.
- Dawal, S.Z.M., & Taha, Z., 2006. The effect of job and environmental factors on job satisfaction in automotive industries. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics 12(1), 267-280.
- Dianat, I., Sedghi, A., Bagherzade, J., Asghari-Jafarabadi, M., & Stedmon, A.W., 2013. Objective and subjective assessments of lighting in a hospital setting: implications for health, safety and performance. Ergonomics 56, 1535-1545.
- Dianat, I., Vahedi, A., & Dehnavi, S., 2016. Association between objective and subjective assessments of environmental ergonomic factors in manufacturing plants. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 54, 26-31.
- Ismail, A.R., 2011. Multiple linear regressions of environmental factors toward discrete human performance, Proceedings of the 4th international conference on environmental and geological science and engineering (EG ‘11), 15-17 September 2011, WSEAS Press, Barcelona, Spain.
- Juslen, H.T., Wouters, M.C.H.M, & Tenner, A.D., 2007. Lighting level and productivity : A field study in the electronics industry. Ergonomics 50 (4), 615-624.
- Kahya, E., 2007. The effects of job characteristics and working conditions on job performance. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 37(6), 515-523.
- Kahya, E., 2009. The effects of job performance on effectiveness. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 39(1), 96-104.
- Kahya, E., & Çemrek, F. 2017. An investigation on the ratings from four sources for different positions in a 360 degree feedback system, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences 12(3), 49 – 64.
- Kaiser, H.F., 1974. An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika 39, 32-36.
- Küller, R., Ballal, S., Laike, T., Mikellides, B., & Tonello, G., 2006. The impact of light and colour on psychological mood: a cross-cultural study of indoor work environments. Ergonomics 49, 1496-1507.
- Maroofi, F., & Navidinya, F., 2011. The measurement of job performance and its impact on effectiveness. International Journal of Performance Management 12(3), 217-227.
- Newsham, G., Brand, J., Donnelly, C., Veitch, J., Aries, M., & Charles, K., 2009. Linking indoor environment conditions to job satisfaction: a field study. Building Research & Information 37, 129-147.
- Noweir, M. H., Alidrisi, M. M., Al-Darrab, I. A., & Zytoon, M. A., 2013. Occupational safety and health performance of the manufacturing sector in Jeddah Industrial Estate, Saudi Arabia: A 20-years follow-up study. Safety Science 53, 11-24.
- Parsons, K.C., 2000. Environmental ergonomics: a review of principles, methods and models. Applied Ergonomics 31, 581-594.
- Räsänen, T., Laitinen, H., & Rasa, P., 2000. The effect of age on subjective assessment of hygienic work environment in the metal industry. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 25, 483-489.
- Sanders, M. S., & McCormick, E. J., 1993. Applied anthropometry, work-space design and seating. Human Factors in Engineering and Design, Seventh Ed. McGraw-Hill, Singapore.
- Shikdar, A.A., & Sawaqed, N.M., 2003. Worker productivity, and occupational health and safety issues in selected industries. Computers & Industrial Engineering 45 (4) 563–572.
- Sönmez, A., Arslan, A. R., Ömer, A. S. A. L., & Akdere, B. 2009. Assessment of physical environment conditions of small and medium-scale enterprises being active in the furniture sector in Ankara. Journal of Polytechnic 12(2) 127-135.
- TS EN 12464-1 : 2011 Standard. Light and Lighting - Lighting of Work Places. TSE. Accepted date : 31 January 2012.
- Tufail, M.S., Mahesar, H.A., & Pathan, S.K., 2017. Organizational justice, task and contextual performance: empirical analysis for front line managers. Grassroots 51(1), 269-281.
- Vahedi, A., & Dianat, I., 2014. Employees’ perception of lighting conditions in manufacturing plants: associations with illuminance measurements. Journal of Research in Health Sciences 14, 40-45.
- Werner, J.M., 2000. Implications of OCB and contextual performance for human resource management. Human Resource Management Review 10(1), 3-24.
Öz
Çevre faktörleri
(gürültü, sıcaklık, nem, aydınlatma vb.), işyerlerinde çalışan işçiler üzerine,
iş performansı, verimlilik, iş sağlığı ve güvenlik açısından dolaylı veya
direkt etki ederler. Uygun olmayan koşullar, çalışanın görevlere karşı
konsantrasyonunu azaltmakta, bu da düşük performans, yüksek ürün firesi, iş
kazalarına neden olmaktadır. Hangi faktörlerin iş performansını geliştirme ve
kazalardan kaçınmada nasıl etkiye sahip olduğunu değerlendirmek önemlidir. Bu
çalışmada amaç, çevre faktörlerinin iş
performans üzerine etkilerini araştırmaktır. Metal endüstrisinde faaliyet
gösteren 8 işletmede 92 işyeri ve işçiden veriler toplanmıştır. Dört çevre
faktörünü içeren 2760 ölçümün ortalama değerleri; gürültü 91,88 dB(A), sıcaklık
23,99°C, nem %36,35 ve aydınlatma şiddeti 289,34 lüks olarak belirlenmiştir. 15
davranışsal performans kriterini içeren iş performansı 3.30/5.0 bulunmuştur.
Tüm işçiler için eniyi performans “Amirlerine saygı” kriterindedir. Sonuçlar,
gürültü ile “Verimli çalışma”, sıcaklık ve aydınlatma ile “Titiz ve düzenli
çalışma”, nem ile “Kalite” arasında anlamlı etki olduğunu göstermektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Çevre faktörleri Sıcaklık Gürültü Nem Aydınlatma İş performansı Verimlilik
Proje Numarası
2017-1476.
Kaynakça
- Babalık, F., 2016. Mühendisler için ergonomi –İşbilim- [Ergonomics for engineers], Fifth Ed., Dora, Bursa.
- Borman, W.C., & Motowidlo, S.M., 1993. Expanding the criterion domain to include elements of contextual performance. Chapter in N. Schmitt and W. C. Borman (Eds.), Personnel selection in organizations (pp. 71-98). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
- Bridger, R.S. 1995. Introduction to Ergonomics, McGraw-Hill, Singapore.
- Chen, M. L., Chen, C. J., Yeh, W. Y., Huang, J. W., & Mao, I. F., 2003. Heat stress evaluation and worker fatigue in a steel plant. AIHA Journal 64(3), 352-359.
- Coleman VI, & Borman W.C., 2000. Investigating the underlying structure of the citizenship performance domain. Human Resource Management Review 10(1), 25-44.
- Dawal, S.Z.M., & Taha, Z., 2006. The effect of job and environmental factors on job satisfaction in automotive industries. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics 12(1), 267-280.
- Dianat, I., Sedghi, A., Bagherzade, J., Asghari-Jafarabadi, M., & Stedmon, A.W., 2013. Objective and subjective assessments of lighting in a hospital setting: implications for health, safety and performance. Ergonomics 56, 1535-1545.
- Dianat, I., Vahedi, A., & Dehnavi, S., 2016. Association between objective and subjective assessments of environmental ergonomic factors in manufacturing plants. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 54, 26-31.
- Ismail, A.R., 2011. Multiple linear regressions of environmental factors toward discrete human performance, Proceedings of the 4th international conference on environmental and geological science and engineering (EG ‘11), 15-17 September 2011, WSEAS Press, Barcelona, Spain.
- Juslen, H.T., Wouters, M.C.H.M, & Tenner, A.D., 2007. Lighting level and productivity : A field study in the electronics industry. Ergonomics 50 (4), 615-624.
- Kahya, E., 2007. The effects of job characteristics and working conditions on job performance. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 37(6), 515-523.
- Kahya, E., 2009. The effects of job performance on effectiveness. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 39(1), 96-104.
- Kahya, E., & Çemrek, F. 2017. An investigation on the ratings from four sources for different positions in a 360 degree feedback system, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences 12(3), 49 – 64.
- Kaiser, H.F., 1974. An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika 39, 32-36.
- Küller, R., Ballal, S., Laike, T., Mikellides, B., & Tonello, G., 2006. The impact of light and colour on psychological mood: a cross-cultural study of indoor work environments. Ergonomics 49, 1496-1507.
- Maroofi, F., & Navidinya, F., 2011. The measurement of job performance and its impact on effectiveness. International Journal of Performance Management 12(3), 217-227.
- Newsham, G., Brand, J., Donnelly, C., Veitch, J., Aries, M., & Charles, K., 2009. Linking indoor environment conditions to job satisfaction: a field study. Building Research & Information 37, 129-147.
- Noweir, M. H., Alidrisi, M. M., Al-Darrab, I. A., & Zytoon, M. A., 2013. Occupational safety and health performance of the manufacturing sector in Jeddah Industrial Estate, Saudi Arabia: A 20-years follow-up study. Safety Science 53, 11-24.
- Parsons, K.C., 2000. Environmental ergonomics: a review of principles, methods and models. Applied Ergonomics 31, 581-594.
- Räsänen, T., Laitinen, H., & Rasa, P., 2000. The effect of age on subjective assessment of hygienic work environment in the metal industry. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 25, 483-489.
- Sanders, M. S., & McCormick, E. J., 1993. Applied anthropometry, work-space design and seating. Human Factors in Engineering and Design, Seventh Ed. McGraw-Hill, Singapore.
- Shikdar, A.A., & Sawaqed, N.M., 2003. Worker productivity, and occupational health and safety issues in selected industries. Computers & Industrial Engineering 45 (4) 563–572.
- Sönmez, A., Arslan, A. R., Ömer, A. S. A. L., & Akdere, B. 2009. Assessment of physical environment conditions of small and medium-scale enterprises being active in the furniture sector in Ankara. Journal of Polytechnic 12(2) 127-135.
- TS EN 12464-1 : 2011 Standard. Light and Lighting - Lighting of Work Places. TSE. Accepted date : 31 January 2012.
- Tufail, M.S., Mahesar, H.A., & Pathan, S.K., 2017. Organizational justice, task and contextual performance: empirical analysis for front line managers. Grassroots 51(1), 269-281.
- Vahedi, A., & Dianat, I., 2014. Employees’ perception of lighting conditions in manufacturing plants: associations with illuminance measurements. Journal of Research in Health Sciences 14, 40-45.
- Werner, J.M., 2000. Implications of OCB and contextual performance for human resource management. Human Resource Management Review 10(1), 3-24.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Endüstri Mühendisliği |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Proje Numarası | 2017-1476. |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 16 Eylül 2019 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 6 Ağustos 2019 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2019 Cilt: 30 Sayı: 1 |
