Öz
Teaching Foreign Language to Children According to Learning Theories- In parallel with the increasing struggles of both private and state institutions to teach foreign languages all over the world, in Turkey again in state and private schools age of acquisition of a foreign language has been reduced. The aim of this study is to discuss some issues related with teaching foreign language to children which has become a hot topic due to the start of Ministry of National Education’s (MoNE) teaching English to second grade primary school students as of 2013-2014 academic year. In this study we first addressed the considerations regarding the definition of child learners and which age group individuals are considered as child learner. Then we discussed general education theories and language learning theories about children and the methodologies inspired from those theories. We also tried to show to what extent the widely held belief that younger learners learn a second language better than relatively older learners do is true. Finally, we discussed the idea that foreign language teaching addresses the three aspects (cognitive, motor, and affective development of children) of the primary school curricula.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Foreign language Child learner Education theories Language teaching method.
Kaynakça
- Bialystok, E & Hakuta, K. (1999). Confounded Age: Linguistic and Cognitive
- Factors in Age Differences for Second Language Acquisition. In D. Birdsong
- (Ed.), Second Language Acquisition and the Critical Period Hypothesis (pp.
- -181). New Jersey, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers
- Brewster, J., Ellis, G. ve Girard, D. (2007). The Primary English Teacher’s Guide.
- Essex: Pearson Education Limited.
- Brown, H. D. (2007). Principles of Language Learning and Teaching. New York:
- Pearson Education.
- Davies, A. (2012). Nativism. The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics.
- Retrieved November 15,2013from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/
- doi/10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal0856/pdf.
- Dimroth, C. (2008). Perspectives on Second Language Acquisition at Different
- Ages. In J. Philp, R. Oliver and A. Mackey (Eds.), Second Language Acquisition
- and the Younger Learners: Child’s Play? (pp. 53-79). Amsterdam: John Benjamins
- Publishing Company.
- Dörnyei, Z. (2005). The Psychology of the Language Learner: Individual Differences
- in Second Language Acquisition. Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum
- Associates.
- Fromkin, V. & Rodman, R. (1993). An Introduction to Language. Fort Worth:
- Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
- Gordon, T. (2007). Teaching Young Children A Second Language. London: Praeger.
- Jones, G. M. & Brader-Araje, L. (2002.) The Impact of Constructivism on Education:
- Language, Discourse, and Meaning. American Communication Journal 5
- (3). Retrieved November 15, 2013 from http://ac-journal.org/journal/vol5/iss3/
- special/jones.pdf.
- Larsen-Freeman, D. & Anderson, M. (2011). Techniques & Principles in Language
- Teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Olivares, R. A. & Lemberger, N. (2002). Identifying and Applying the Communicative
- and the Constructivist Approaches to Facilitate Transfer of Knowledge
- in the Bilingual Classroom. International Journal of Bilingual Education and
- Bilingualism 5 (1), 72-83.
- Philp, J., Mackey, A., ve Oliver, R. (2008). Child’s play? Second Language Acquisition
- and the Younger Learner in Context. In J. Philp, R. Oliver and A. Mackey
- (Eds.), Second Language Acquisition and the Younger Learners: Child’s Play?
- (pp. 3-23). Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
- Richards, J. C. & Rodgers, T. S. (1999). Approaches and Methods in Language
- Teaching: A Description and Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University
- Press.
- Richards, J. C. (2006). Communicative Language Teaching Today. Cambridge:
- Cambridge University Press.
- Shin, J. K. (2014). Teaching Young Learners in English as a Second/Foreign Language.
- In M. C. Murcia, D. M. Brinton, & M. A. Snow (Eds)., Teaching English
- as a Second or Foreign Language (4th Ed., pp. 550-567). Boston: National Geographic
- Learning/Cengage Learning.
- Swan, M. (2005). Legislation by Hypothesis: The Case of Task-Based Instruction.
- Applied Linguistics 26 (3), 376-401.
- Von Glaserfeld, E. (1982). An Interpretation of Piaget’s Constructivism. Revue
- Internationale de Philosophie 36 (4), 612–635.
- Von Glaserfeld, E. (1989). Cognition, construction of knowledge, and teaching.
- Synthese 80, 121-140.
Öz
Bu çalışmada tüm dünyada yabancı dil öğrenimine karşı hem özel hem de resmi kurumların artan çabalarına paralel olarak Türkiye’de gerek özel gerekse devlet okullarında İngilizceye başlama yaşının düşürülmesi; bu bağlamda
Milli Eğitim Bakanlığının (MEB) 2013-2014 eğitim öğretim yılıyla birlikte ilkokul 2. sınıf öğrencilerine İngilizce öğretmeye başlaması neticesinde daha da sıcak bir konu haline gelen çocuklara yabancı dil öğretimindeki bazı hususlar ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada önce çocuk öğrencinin tanımı, hangi yaş aralığındaki bireylerin çocuk öğrenci olduğuna dair değerlendirmeler ele alındı. Daha sonra
çocuklarda genel öğrenmeyle ve dil öğrenimiyle ilgili kuramlar ve bu kuramlardan ilham alınarak ortaya çıkan dil öğretim yöntemleri tartışıldı. Bunun yanı sıra tüm dünyada yaygın bir kabul gören genç öğrencilerin görece daha yaşlı
olanlara göre ikinci dil öğrenme becerilerinin daha iyi olduğu fikrinin doğruluk derecesi gösterilmeye çalışıldı. Son olarak yabancı dil öğretiminin, ilköğretim programlarının üç ana hedefi olan çocukların bilişsel, duyuşsal ve motor becerileri
gelişim alanlarının hepsiyle ilgili olduğu fikri ele alınmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Yabancı dil Çocuk öğrenci Eğitim kuramları Dil öğretim yöntemi.
Kaynakça
- Bialystok, E & Hakuta, K. (1999). Confounded Age: Linguistic and Cognitive
- Factors in Age Differences for Second Language Acquisition. In D. Birdsong
- (Ed.), Second Language Acquisition and the Critical Period Hypothesis (pp.
- -181). New Jersey, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers
- Brewster, J., Ellis, G. ve Girard, D. (2007). The Primary English Teacher’s Guide.
- Essex: Pearson Education Limited.
- Brown, H. D. (2007). Principles of Language Learning and Teaching. New York:
- Pearson Education.
- Davies, A. (2012). Nativism. The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics.
- Retrieved November 15,2013from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/
- doi/10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal0856/pdf.
- Dimroth, C. (2008). Perspectives on Second Language Acquisition at Different
- Ages. In J. Philp, R. Oliver and A. Mackey (Eds.), Second Language Acquisition
- and the Younger Learners: Child’s Play? (pp. 53-79). Amsterdam: John Benjamins
- Publishing Company.
- Dörnyei, Z. (2005). The Psychology of the Language Learner: Individual Differences
- in Second Language Acquisition. Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum
- Associates.
- Fromkin, V. & Rodman, R. (1993). An Introduction to Language. Fort Worth:
- Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
- Gordon, T. (2007). Teaching Young Children A Second Language. London: Praeger.
- Jones, G. M. & Brader-Araje, L. (2002.) The Impact of Constructivism on Education:
- Language, Discourse, and Meaning. American Communication Journal 5
- (3). Retrieved November 15, 2013 from http://ac-journal.org/journal/vol5/iss3/
- special/jones.pdf.
- Larsen-Freeman, D. & Anderson, M. (2011). Techniques & Principles in Language
- Teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Olivares, R. A. & Lemberger, N. (2002). Identifying and Applying the Communicative
- and the Constructivist Approaches to Facilitate Transfer of Knowledge
- in the Bilingual Classroom. International Journal of Bilingual Education and
- Bilingualism 5 (1), 72-83.
- Philp, J., Mackey, A., ve Oliver, R. (2008). Child’s play? Second Language Acquisition
- and the Younger Learner in Context. In J. Philp, R. Oliver and A. Mackey
- (Eds.), Second Language Acquisition and the Younger Learners: Child’s Play?
- (pp. 3-23). Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
- Richards, J. C. & Rodgers, T. S. (1999). Approaches and Methods in Language
- Teaching: A Description and Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University
- Press.
- Richards, J. C. (2006). Communicative Language Teaching Today. Cambridge:
- Cambridge University Press.
- Shin, J. K. (2014). Teaching Young Learners in English as a Second/Foreign Language.
- In M. C. Murcia, D. M. Brinton, & M. A. Snow (Eds)., Teaching English
- as a Second or Foreign Language (4th Ed., pp. 550-567). Boston: National Geographic
- Learning/Cengage Learning.
- Swan, M. (2005). Legislation by Hypothesis: The Case of Task-Based Instruction.
- Applied Linguistics 26 (3), 376-401.
- Von Glaserfeld, E. (1982). An Interpretation of Piaget’s Constructivism. Revue
- Internationale de Philosophie 36 (4), 612–635.
- Von Glaserfeld, E. (1989). Cognition, construction of knowledge, and teaching.
- Synthese 80, 121-140.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 18 Haziran 2014 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2013 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2 |
Kaynak Göster
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