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Labor Productivity and Happiness: Evidence from OECD Countries

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 847 - 864, 31.05.2023

İlyas Kays İmamoğlu Kübra Bozma Gürkan Bozma

https://doi.org/10.29023/alanyaakademik.1202531

Öz

Since the human resource in the production process is affected by the changes in both the work environment and the social environment, this interaction can also affect their happiness levels and productivity. For this reason, in this study, the relationship between labor productivity and happiness was examined by panel data analysis in a sample of 35 OECD countries with the annual data set for the 2015-2021 period. In the research model, labor productivity was taken as the dependent variable, the happiness index as the independent variable, and the average annual wage as the control variable. According to the findings obtained from the estimation results of the Driscoll-Kray analysis, it has been determined that a one-unit increase in the level of happiness can increase labor productivity by approximately 2.2%. In addition, it has been concluded that a one-unit increase in average annual wages can increase labor productivity by 0.001%.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Labor Productivity Happiness Income Panel Data Analysis Robust

Kaynakça

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İşgücü Verimliliği ve Mutluluk: OECD Ülkelerinden Kanıtlar

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 847 - 864, 31.05.2023

İlyas Kays İmamoğlu Kübra Bozma Gürkan Bozma

https://doi.org/10.29023/alanyaakademik.1202531

Öz

Üretim sürecindeki insan kaynağı, gerek iş ortamındaki gerekse sosyal ortamdaki değişmelerden etkilendiği için bu etkileşim mutluluk düzeylerini ve verimliliklerini de etkileyebilmektedir. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada 2015-2021 dönemi yıllık veri setiyle 35 OECD ülke örnekleminde, işgücü verimliliği ve mutluluk ilişkisi panel veri analiziyle incelenmiştir. Araştırma modelinde, bağımlı değişken olarak işgücü verimliliği, bağımsız değişken olarak mutluluk endeksi ve kontrol değişkeni olarak ise ortalama yıllık ücret alınmıştır. Yapılan Driscoll-Kray analizi tahmin sonuçlarından elde edilen bulgulara göre mutluluk düzeyinde meydana gelen bir birimlik artışın, işgücü verimliliğini yaklaşık olarak %2.2 arttırabileceği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca ortalama yıllık ücretlerde meydana gelecek bir birimlik bir artışın ise işgücü verimliliğini %0.001 kadar artırabileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İşgücü Verimliliği Mutluluk Gelir Panel Veri Analizi Dirençli Tahmin

Kaynakça

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  • FEDULOVA, I., VORONKOVA, O. Y., ZHURAVLEV, P., GERASIMOVA, E., GLYZINA, M., & ALEKHINA, N. A. (2019). “Labor Productivity and Its Role in the Sustainable Development of Economy: On the Example of a Region.” Entrepreneurship and Sustainability, 7(2), 1059-1072. http://doi.org/10.9770/jesi.2019.7.2(19)
  • FERRER-I-CARBONELL, A. (2005). “Income and Well-Being: An Empirical Analysis of the Comparison Income Effect”. Journal of Public Economics, 89(5-6), 997-1019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2004.06.003
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  • FREY, B. S., & STUTZER, A. (2000). “Happiness, Economy and Institutions”. The Economic Journal, 110(466), 918-938. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0297.00570
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  • FRIJTERS, P., HAISKEN-DENEW, J. P., & SHIELDS, M. A. (2004). “Money Does Matter! Evidence from Increasing Real Income and Life Satisfaction in East Germany Following Reunification”. American Economic Review, 94(3), 730-740. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/0002828041464551
  • GIMENEZ, G., GIL-LACRUZ, A. I., & GIL-LACRUZ, M. (2021). “Is Happiness Linked to Subjective Life Expectancy? A Study of Chilean Senior Citizens”. Mathematics, 9(17), 2050. https://doi.org/10.3390/math9172050
  • GÖRMÜŞ, A., & GÜZEL, S. (2021). “Yaşam Memnuniyeti ve İş Kalitesi İlişkisi: Doğrusal Regresyon Modelleri ile OECD Ülkelerinden Bulgular”. Journal of Social Policy Conferences, (81), 1-33. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/iusskd/issue/68135/974338
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  • HOFMANN, W., LUHMANN, M., FISHER, R. R., VOHS, K. D., & BAUMEISTER, R. F. (2014). “Yes, But are They Happy? Effects of Trait Self‐Control on Affective Well‐Being and Life Satisfaction”. Journal of personality, 82(4), 265-277. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12050
  • ISA, K., TENAH, S. S., ATIM, A., & JAM, N. A. M. (2019). “Leading Happiness: Leadership and Happiness at a Workplace”. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 8(3), 6551-6553. DOI:10.35940/ijrte.C5299.098319
  • JOEKES, S. (2021). “Women’s Work and Social Support For Child Care in the Third World. In Women, Work, and Child Welfare in the Third World (pp. 59-84). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429268656
  • KARAHAN, A. (2009). “Demografik Farklılıkların İş gücü Verimliliğine Etkisi”. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. (21), 269-281. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/susbed/issue/61797/924391
  • KATOVICH, E. S., & MAIA, A. G. (2018). “The Relation between Labor Productivity and Wages in Brazil”. Nova Economia, 28(1), 7-38. https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6351/3943
  • KENDRICK, J. W. (1987). “Happiness is Personal Productivity Growth. Challenge”. 30(2), 37-44. https://doi.org/10.1080/05775132.1987.11471159
  • LEE, H., & SINGH, G. K. (2020). “Inequalities in Life Expectancy and All-Cause Mortality in the United States by Levels of Happiness and Life Satisfaction: A Longitudinal Study”. International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS, 9(3), 305-315. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7397330/
  • LESTER, P., DIENER E. D., & SELIGMAN M. (2022). “Top Performers have a Superpower: Happiness”. MIT Sloan Management Review, 63(3), 57-61. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/68892
  • LI, Q., & AN, L. (2020). “Corruption Takes away Happiness: Evidence from a Cross-National Study”. Journal of Happiness Studies, 21(2), 485-504. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10902-019-00092-z
  • MA, W., VATSA, P., ZHOU, X., & ZHENG, H. (2022). “Happiness and Farm Productivity: İnsights from Maize Farmers in China”. International Journal of Social Economics, 49 (1), 97-106. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSE-08-2021-0474
  • MAHADEA, D. (2013). “On the Economics of Happiness: the Influence of Income and Non-Income Factors on Happiness”. South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences, 16(1), 39-51. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC131969
  • MAMEN, J. M. (2018). “Happiness and Performance at Work”. IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review, 6(9), 1803-1805. https://iahrw.org/product/happiness-and-performance-at-work/
  • MCMILLAN, M., & RODRIK, D. (2011). “Globalization, Structural Change and Productivity Growth”. National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper Series No. 17143. http://www.nber.org/papers/w17143
  • MILLER, E. M. (1978). “The Extent of Economies of Scale: The Effects of Firm Size on Labor Productivity and Wage Rates”. Southern Economic Journal, 44(3), 470-487. https://doi.org/10.2307/1057204
  • MURESAN, G. M., CIUMAS, C., & ACHIM, M. V. (2020). “Can Money Buy Happiness? Evidence for European Countries. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 15(4), 953-970. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11482-019-09714-3
  • OECD (2022), “Average Annual Wages”, OECD Employment and Labour Market Statistics (database), https://doi.org/10.1787/data-00571-en /19 Eylül 2022
  • OGARI, J. O., & ORWA, B. H. (2021). “Social Support Programs and Teachers’ Performance in Private Primary Schools in Bomet County, Kenya”. International Journal of Elementary Education, 10(1), 26-33. http://www.ijeedu.org/article/192/10.11648.j.ijeedu.20211001.14
  • OSWALD, A.J., PROTO, E., & SGROI, D. (2015). “Happiness and Productivity”. Journal of Labor Economics, 33(4), 789-822. https://doi.org/10.1086/681096
  • OVASKA, T., & TAKASHIMA, R. (2006). “Economic Policy and the Level of Self-Perceived Well-Being: An International Comparison”. The Journal of Socio-Economics, 35(2), 308-325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2005.11.054
  • PIEKAŁKIEWICZ, M. (2017). “Why Do Economists Study Happiness?”. The Economic and Labour Relations Review, 28(3), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1177/103530461771713
  • RAIBLEY, J. R. (2012). “Happiness Is Not Well-Being”. Journal of Happiness Studies, 13(6), 1105–1129. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-011-9309-z.
  • RASHEED, F., AHMAD, E., & RAUF, S.A. (2011). “Happiness in Solow Growth Model”. Journal of Business and Economics, 3(2), 127-144. https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/43400/
  • ROBERTSON, I., & COOPER, C. (2011). Well-Being: Productivity and Happiness At Work, Palgrave Macmillan, London.
  • ROESSLER, J., & GLOOR, P. A. (2021). “Measuring Happiness Increases Happiness”. Journal of Computational Social Science, 4(1), 123-146. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42001-020-00069-6
  • SAMARGANDI, N. (2018). “Determinants of Labor Productivity in MENA Countries”, Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 54(5), 1063-1081. https://doi.org/10.1080/1540496X.2017.1418658
  • SAN SANTOSO, D., & KULATHUNGA, H. E. R. (2016). “Examining Happiness: Towards Better Understanding of Performance Improvement”. Procedia Engineering, 164, 354-361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.11.630
  • SATROVIC, E., CETINER, O., & MUSLIJA, A. (2018). “Whether Control of Corruption Matters for Happiness: Evidence from Panel Data Analysis”. PressAcademia Procedia, 7(1), 381-387. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/pap/article/459526
  • SCHREYER, P., & PILAT D. (2001). “Measurıng Productıvıty”. OECD Economic Studies No: 33, 2001/11, https://pages.stern.nyu.edu/~dbackus/Taxes/OECD%20meas%20tfp%2002.pdf
  • SELIM, S. (2008). “Life Satisfaction and Happiness in Turkey”. Social Indicators Research, 88(3), 531-562. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11205-007-9218-z
  • SERVET, O. (2018). “Dünya Ülkelerinde Mutluluğu Belirleyen Faktörler Üzerine Bir Uygulama: Sıralı Logit Model”. Journal of Emerging Economies and Policy, 3 (2), 1-22. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/joeep/issue/41566/429366
  • SGROI, D. (2015). “Happiness and Productivity: Understanding the Happy-Productive Worker”. SMF-CAGE Global Perspectives Series: Paper 4. https://smf.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/Social-Market-Foundation-Publication-Briefing-CAGE-4-Are-happy-workers-more-productive-281015.pdf
  • SHARIFZADEH, M., & ALMARAZ, J. (2014). “Happiness and Productivity in the Workplace”. American Journal of Management, 14(4), 1-9. http://www.na-businesspress.com/AJM/SharifzadehM_Web14_4_.pdf
  • STRAUSS, J., & WOHAR, M. E. (2004). “The Linkage between Prices, Wages, and Labor Productivity: a Panel Study of Manufacturing İndustries. Southern Economic Journal, 70(4), 920-941. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2325-8012.2004.tb00612.x
  • TAYLOR, D. G., & FRECHETTE, M. (2022). “The Impact of Workload, Productivity, and Social Support on Burnout among Marketing Faculty during the COVID-19 Pandemic”. Journal of Marketing Education, 44(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/02734753221074284
  • TEPPERMAN, L., & CURTIS, J. (1995). “A Life Satisfaction Scale for Use with National Adult Samples from the USA, Canada and Mexico”. Social Indicators Research, 35(3), 255-270. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF01079160
  • THE CONFERENCE BOARD (2022). Total Economy Database. https://www.conference-board.org/data/economydatabase
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  • TSOU, M. W., & LIU, J. T. (2001). “Happiness and Domain Satisfaction in Taiwan”. Journal of Happiness Studies, 2(3), 269-288. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1011816429264
  • TSUI, H. C. (2014). “What Affects Happiness: Absolute Income, Relative Income or Expected Income?”. Journal of Policy Modeling, 36(6), 994-1007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpolmod.2014.09.005
  • TÜREDİ, S., & TERZİ, H. (2009). “Türkiye’de Kamu-Özel İmalat Sanayinde Ücret ve İş gücü Verimliliği İlişkisi”. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(1), 143-162. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/ogusbd/issue/10995/131577
  • VEENHOVEN, R. (2012). Happiness: Also Known as “Life Satisfaction” and “Subjective Well-Being”. In: Land, K., Michalos, A., Sirgy, M. (eds) Handbook of Social Indicators and Quality of Life Research. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2421-1_3
  • WESARAT, P., SHARIF, M. Y., & MAJID, A.H. A. (2015). “A Conceptual Framework of Happiness at the Workplace”. Asian Social Science, 11(2), 78-88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v11n2p78
  • WHR (2022). World Happiness Report. https://worldhappiness.report/
  • WU, Y., & ZHU, J. (2016). “When are People Unhappy? Corruption Experience, Environment, and Life Satisfaction in Mainland China”. Journal of Happiness Studies, 17(3), 1125-1147. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10902-015-9635-7
  • YERDELEN-TATOĞLU, F. (2020). Panel Veri Ekonometrisi, Stata Uygulamalı, Beta Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • ZELENSKI, J., MURPHY, S., & JENKINS, D. (2008). “The Happy-Productive Worker Thesis Revisited”, Journal of Happiness Studies, 9(4), 521-537. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-008-9087-4
Toplam 92 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Ekonomi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

İlyas Kays İmamoğlu 0000-0002-7732-4148

Kübra Bozma 0000-0002-6536-1953

Gürkan Bozma 0000-0003-4047-9012

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mayıs 2023
Kabul Tarihi 27 Mart 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA İmamoğlu, İ. K., Bozma, K., & Bozma, G. (2023). İşgücü Verimliliği ve Mutluluk: OECD Ülkelerinden Kanıtlar. Alanya Akademik Bakış, 7(2), 847-864. https://doi.org/10.29023/alanyaakademik.1202531