Investigation of Metallurgical Characterization and Mechanical Behaviour for Submerged Flux Cored Arc Welding Process
Abstract
In this study, the mechanical and metallurgical properties of the welding materials obtained from the combination of submerged arc welding powder and flux cored wire were discussed in detail for the first time in the sector. Chemical analysis of flux cored wire and submerged arc welding powder combination was carried out on the St-52 (S355) quality 300x180x20 mm sized low carbon steel materials. For mechanical tests, a gap of 16 mm was left between the materials and 10 mm thick S355 quality metal base was placed under the parts. Combining welding operations were 29 Volt voltage, 460 Ampere current, 450 mm/min welding speed, 1.75 kj/mm heat input and 30 mm free wire length. Microstructural properties were determined by metallographic methods and confirmed by mechanical properties. As a result of the evaluation of all the data obtained, the synergistic effect of the high efficiency of the flux cored wire method and the high energy input of the submerged arc welding method was observed, and the results were conveyed to the readers in detail.
Project Number
3130488
References
- Acherjee, Bappa. "Laser transmission welding of polymers–a review on process fundamentals, material attributes, weldability, and welding techniques." Journal of Manufacturing Processes 60 (2020): 227-246.
- Bembenek, Michał, et al. "Microstructure and Wear Characterization of the Fe-Mo-BC-Based Hardfacing Alloys Deposited by Flux-Cored Arc Welding." Materials 15.14 (2022): 5074.
- Elsheikh, Ammar H. "Applications of machine learning in friction stir welding: Prediction of joint properties, real-time control and tool failure diagnosis." Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 121 (2023): 105961.
- Fan, Xi’an, et al. "Research and prospect of welding monitoring technology based on machine vision." The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 115 (2021): 3365-3391.
- Karayel, Elif, and Yahya Bozkurt. "Additive manufacturing method and different welding applications." Journal of Materials Research and Technology 9.5 (2020): 11424-11438.
- Keehan, Enda. Effect of microstructure on mechanical properties of high strength steel weld metals. Diss. Chalmers University of Technology and Göteborg University, 2004.
- Kumar Rajak, Dipen, et al. "Friction-based welding processes: friction welding and friction stir welding." Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology 34.24 (2020): 2613-2637.
- Meng, Xiangchen, et al. "Recent progress on control strategies for inherent issues in friction stir welding." Progress in Materials Science 115 (2021): 100706.
- Oliveira, J. P., T. G. Santos, and R. M. Miranda. "Revisiting fundamental welding concepts to improve additive manufacturing: from theory to practice." Progress in Materials Science 107 (2020): 100590.
- Pandya, Dipali, Amarish Badgujar, and Nilesh Ghetiya. "A novel perception toward welding of stainless steel by activated TIG welding: a review." Materials and Manufacturing Processes 36.8 (2021): 877-903.
- Park, Hanji, et al. "Microstructural aspects of hydrogen stress cracking in seawater for low carbon steel welds produced by flux-cored arc welding." Materials Science and Engineering: A 820 (2021): 141568.
- Shen, Zhikang, Yuquan Ding, and Adrian P. Gerlich. "Advances in friction stir spot welding." Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences 45.6 (2020): 457-534.
- Trembach, Bohdan, et al. "Application of Taguchi method and ANOVA analysis for optimization of process parameters and exothermic addition (CuO-Al) introduction in the core filler during self-shielded flux-cored arc welding." The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 114.3-4 (2021): 1099-1118.
- Wang, Baicun, et al. "Intelligent welding system technologies: State-of-the-art review and perspectives." Journal of Manufacturing Systems 56 (2020): 373-391.
- Wang, Huimin, and Yuliang Wang. "High-velocity impact welding process: A review." Metals 9.2 (2019): 144. Xing, Changjian, et al. "Numerical analysis of the metal transfer and welding arc behaviors in underwater flux-cored arc welding." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 153 (2020): 119570.
- Yang, Lei, et al. "An automatic welding defect location algorithm based on deep learning." Ndt & E International 120 (2021): 102435.
- Zhao, Bo, et al. "Numerical simulation of bubble and arc dynamics during underwater wet flux-cored arc welding." Journal of Manufacturing Processes 59 (2020): 167-185.
- Zhou, Baifan, et al. "Machine learning with domain knowledge for predictive quality monitoring in resistance spot welding." Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing 33.4 (2022): 1139-1163.
Tozaltı Özlü Ark Kaynağı Prosesinin Metalurjik Karakterizasyon ve Mekanik Davranışlarının İncelenmesi
Abstract
Bu çalışmada sektörde ilk kez tozaltı kaynak tozu ile özlü telin birleşiminden elde edilen kaynak malzemelerinin mekanik ve metalurjik özellikleri detaylı olarak ele alınmıştır. Özlü tel ve tozaltı kaynak tozu kombinasyonunun kimyasal analizleri St-52 (S355) kalite 300x180x20 mm ebadında düşük karbonlu çelik malzemeler üzerinde yapılmıştır. Mekanik testler için malzemeler arasında 16 mm boşluk bırakılmış ve parçaların altına 10 mm kalınlığında S355 kalite metal altlık yerleştirilmiştir. Kombine kaynak işlemleri 29 Volt gerilim, 460 Amper akım, 450 mm/dak kaynak hızı, 1,75 kj/mm ısı girdisi ve 30 mm serbest tel uzunluğu altında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Mikroyapısal özellikler metalografik yöntemlerle belirlenmiş ve mekanik özelliklerle doğrulanmıştır. Elde edilen tüm verilerin değerlendirilmesi sonucunda özlü tel yönteminin yüksek verimi ile tozaltı kaynak yönteminin yüksek enerji girdisinin sinerjistik etkisi gözlemlenmiş ve sonuçlar detaylı olarak okuyuculara aktarılmıştır.
Supporting Institution
TÜBİTAK
Project Number
3130488
Thanks
"Özlü Tel ve Tozaltı Tozu Kombinasyonlarında Tozaltı Kaynak Yöntemiyle Düşük, Orta ve Yüksek Alaşımlı Birleştirme ve Sert Dolgu Kaynak Tüketim Malzemelerinin Tasarımı ve Prototip İmalatı" başlıklı Sanayi-ArGe projemin aynı zamanda doktora bitirme tezimin araştırma ve deneysel geliştirme aşamalarında destek veren TÜBİTAK'a teşekkürü borç bilirim.
References
- Acherjee, Bappa. "Laser transmission welding of polymers–a review on process fundamentals, material attributes, weldability, and welding techniques." Journal of Manufacturing Processes 60 (2020): 227-246.
- Bembenek, Michał, et al. "Microstructure and Wear Characterization of the Fe-Mo-BC-Based Hardfacing Alloys Deposited by Flux-Cored Arc Welding." Materials 15.14 (2022): 5074.
- Elsheikh, Ammar H. "Applications of machine learning in friction stir welding: Prediction of joint properties, real-time control and tool failure diagnosis." Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 121 (2023): 105961.
- Fan, Xi’an, et al. "Research and prospect of welding monitoring technology based on machine vision." The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 115 (2021): 3365-3391.
- Karayel, Elif, and Yahya Bozkurt. "Additive manufacturing method and different welding applications." Journal of Materials Research and Technology 9.5 (2020): 11424-11438.
- Keehan, Enda. Effect of microstructure on mechanical properties of high strength steel weld metals. Diss. Chalmers University of Technology and Göteborg University, 2004.
- Kumar Rajak, Dipen, et al. "Friction-based welding processes: friction welding and friction stir welding." Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology 34.24 (2020): 2613-2637.
- Meng, Xiangchen, et al. "Recent progress on control strategies for inherent issues in friction stir welding." Progress in Materials Science 115 (2021): 100706.
- Oliveira, J. P., T. G. Santos, and R. M. Miranda. "Revisiting fundamental welding concepts to improve additive manufacturing: from theory to practice." Progress in Materials Science 107 (2020): 100590.
- Pandya, Dipali, Amarish Badgujar, and Nilesh Ghetiya. "A novel perception toward welding of stainless steel by activated TIG welding: a review." Materials and Manufacturing Processes 36.8 (2021): 877-903.
- Park, Hanji, et al. "Microstructural aspects of hydrogen stress cracking in seawater for low carbon steel welds produced by flux-cored arc welding." Materials Science and Engineering: A 820 (2021): 141568.
- Shen, Zhikang, Yuquan Ding, and Adrian P. Gerlich. "Advances in friction stir spot welding." Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences 45.6 (2020): 457-534.
- Trembach, Bohdan, et al. "Application of Taguchi method and ANOVA analysis for optimization of process parameters and exothermic addition (CuO-Al) introduction in the core filler during self-shielded flux-cored arc welding." The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 114.3-4 (2021): 1099-1118.
- Wang, Baicun, et al. "Intelligent welding system technologies: State-of-the-art review and perspectives." Journal of Manufacturing Systems 56 (2020): 373-391.
- Wang, Huimin, and Yuliang Wang. "High-velocity impact welding process: A review." Metals 9.2 (2019): 144. Xing, Changjian, et al. "Numerical analysis of the metal transfer and welding arc behaviors in underwater flux-cored arc welding." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 153 (2020): 119570.
- Yang, Lei, et al. "An automatic welding defect location algorithm based on deep learning." Ndt & E International 120 (2021): 102435.
- Zhao, Bo, et al. "Numerical simulation of bubble and arc dynamics during underwater wet flux-cored arc welding." Journal of Manufacturing Processes 59 (2020): 167-185.
- Zhou, Baifan, et al. "Machine learning with domain knowledge for predictive quality monitoring in resistance spot welding." Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing 33.4 (2022): 1139-1163.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Materials Engineering (Other) |
| Journal Section | Araştırma makalesi |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | 3130488 |
| Early Pub Date | September 5, 2023 |
| Publication Date | September 5, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 4 Issue: 1 |
