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A Neglected Area: Restless Leg Syndrome in Pregnancy and The Role of the Obstetric and Gynecology Nurse

Year 2023, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 1073 - 1080, 08.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.61399/ikcusbfd.1161636

Abstract

Restless legs syndrome is the most common movement disorder in pregnancy and is more common in pregnant women than in healthy women and men. However, it is not well known among obstetricians. Similarly, the awareness of pregnant women about restless legs syndrome is also low. Genetics, the brain’s dopamine system and iron metabolism are thought to be effective in the pathophysiology of the disease in pregnancy. The disease usually disappears after delivery, but if not treated, sleep disorders, psychological problems, decreased quality of life, as well as symptoms of pregnancy and birth-related complications such as preeclampsia, the threat of miscarriage, premature birth, difficult birth, cesarean delivery and intrauterine growth retardation may occur. Diagnosis in pregnancy is made using the basic criteria of the International Restless Legs Syndrome Working Group. Non-pharmacological methods are primarily recommended for treatment. However, if symptoms are severe, more reliable drugs should be considered. In symptom management, it is essential to control anemia, sleep apnoea, and drug use that exacerbate restless legs syndrome. To reduce the severity of restless legs syndrome during pregnancy, non-pharmacological treatments such as moderate exercise, yoga, hot/cold water applications, relaxation exercise, relaxing background music, and sleep hygiene can be recommended. Obstetrics and gynecology nurses, who have a crucial role and responsibility in pregnancy follow-up, should be able to provide effective and quality care to women in the prepartum, peripartum, intrapartum, and postpartum periods with a comprehensive approach in line with evidence-based practices.

References

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İhmal Edilen Bir Alan: Gebelikte Huzursuz Bacak Sendromu ve Kadın Sağlığı Hemşiresinin Rolü

Year 2023, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 1073 - 1080, 08.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.61399/ikcusbfd.1161636

Abstract

Huzursuz bacak sendromu gebelikte en fazla görülen hareket bozukluğu olup gebelerde sağlıklı kadınlara ve erkeklere göre daha sık görülmektedir. Buna karşın doğum uzmanları tarafından yeterince tanınmamaktadır. Benzer şekilde gebelerin de huzursuz bacak sendromuna ilişkin farkındalıkları düşüktür. Hastalığın gebelikteki patofizyolojisinde genetik, beyin dopamin sistemi ve demir metabolizmasının etkili olduğu düşünülmektedir. Semptomlar genellikle doğumdan sonra kaybolmaktadır ancak hastalık tedavi edilmezse uyku bozukluğu, psikolojik sorunlar, yaşam kalitesinde azalmanın yanında preeklampsi, düşük tehdidi, erken doğum, zor doğum, sezeryan doğum ve intrauterin büyüme geriliği gibi gebelik ve doğumla ilgili komplikasyonlar yaşanabilmektedir. Gebelikte tanı, Uluslararası Huzursuz Bacak Sendromu Çalışma Grubu'nun temel kriterleri kullanılarak konulmaktadır. Tedavide primer olarak non-farmakolojik yöntemler önerilmektedir. Ancak semptomlar şiddetli ise daha güvenilir olan ilaçlar düşünülmelidir. Semptom yönetiminde öncelikle anemi, uyku apnesi, huzursuz bacak sendromunu şiddetlendiren ilaç kullanımı gibi faktörlerin kontrol altına alınması önemlidir. Gebelikte huzursuz bacak sendromu şiddetini azaltmaya yönelik orta derecede egzersiz, yoga, sıcak/soğuk su uygulamaları, progresif gevşeme egzersizi, gevşeme fon müziği dinlenmesi, uyku hijyeni gibi farmakolojik olmayan tedaviler önerilebilmektedir. Gebe takibinde önemli rol ve sorumluluğu olan kadın sağlığı hemşirelerinin kadınlara prepartum, peripartum, intrapartum ve postpartum dönemde bütüncül bir yaklaşımla kanıta dayalı uygulamalar doğrultusunda etkili ve kaliteli bir bakım verebilmesi gerekmektedir.

References

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  • Budhiraja P, Budhiraja R, Goodwin JL, Allen RP, Newman AB, Koo BB, et al. Incidence of restless legs syndrome and its correlates. JCSM [Internet]. 2012Apr[cited 2022 May 22]; 8(2): 119-24. Available from: https://jcsm. aasm.org/doi/full/10.5664/jcsm.1756 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.1756
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  • Meneely S, Dinkins ML, Kassai M, Lyu S, Liu Y, Lin CT, et al. Differential dopamine D1 and D3 receptor modulation and expression in the spinal cord of two mouse models of restless legs syndrome. Front BehavNeurosci[Internet]. 2018Sep[cited 2022 May 22]; 12: 199. Available from: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00199/ full. DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00199
  • Cesnik E, Casetta I, Turri M, Govoni V, Granieri E, Strambi LF, et al. Transient RLS during pregnancy is a risk factor for the chronic idiopathic form. Neurology[Internet]. 2010 Dec[cited 2022 May 22]; 75(23): 2117- 20. Available from: https://n.neurology.org/content/75/23/2117.short. DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e318200d779
  • Allen RP, PicchiettiDL, Garcia-Borreguero D, Ondo WG, Walters AS, Winkelman JW, et al. Restless legs syndrome/Willis–Ekbom disease diagnostic criteria: updated International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) consensus criteria–history, rationale, description, and significance. Sleep Med [Internet]. 2014Aug [cited 2022 May 22]; 15(8): 860-73.
  • Djokanovic N, Garcia-Bournissen F, Koren G. Medications for restless legs syndrome in pregnancy. J ObstetGynaecol Can. 2008;30:505-507. Available from: https://www.jogc.com/article/S1701-2163(16)32866-3/ pdf
  • Picchietti DL, Wang VC, Picchietti MA. Intravenous iron given prior to pregnancy for restless legs syndrome is associated with remission of symptoms. J Clin Sleep Med 2012;8:585e6. Available from: https://jcsm. aasm.org/doi/full/10.5664/jcsm.2168 DOI:10.5664/jcsm.2168
  • Schneider J, Krafft A, Manconi M, et al. Open-label study of the efficacy and safety of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose in pregnant women with restless legs syndrome. Sleep Med. 2015;16:1342-1347. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/ S1389945715008989 DOI:10.1016/j.sleep.2015.08.006
  • Cho YW, Allen RP, Earley CJ. Lower molecular weight intravenous iron dextran for restless legs syndrome. Sleep Med. 2013;14:274-277. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/ S1389945712004005 DOI:10.1016/j.sleep.2012.11.001
  • Vadasz D, Ries V, Oertel WH. Intravenous iron sucrose for restless legs syndrome in pregnant women with low serum ferritin. Sleep Med. 2013;14:1214-1216. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect. com/science/article/pii/S1389945713002293 DOI:10.1016/j. sleep.2013.05.018
  • Picchietti DL, Hensley JG, Bainbridge JL, Lee KA, Manconi M, McGregor JA, et al. Consensus clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of restless legs syndrome/Willis-Ekbom disease during pregnancy and lactation. Sleep Med Rev[Internet]. 2015Aug[cited 2022 May 22]; 22: 64-77. Available from: https://www. sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1087079214001191?casa_tok en=Jk9074eVTjEAAAAA:bOzySMtogZjastMod0D1w7P22FjxFa9qAG mx5lBmAlNzMjW6-2n1uu5wogY33WPivH_eobI2bM8DOI: 10.1016/j. smrv.2014.10.009
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  • Garcia-Borreguero D, Kohnen R, Silber MH, Winkelman JW, Earley CJ, Högl B.et al. The long-term treatment of restless legs syndrome/ Willis-Ekbom disease: Evidence-based guidelines and clinical consensus best practice guidance: a report from the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group. SleepMed[Internet]. 2013 Jul[cited 2022 May 22]; 14: 675–84. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/ article/pii/S1389945713002116 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2013.05.016
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There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Derlemeler
Authors

Özlem Kaplan 0000-0003-1050-8804

Mürüvvet Başer 0000-0003-4565-2275

Early Pub Date October 8, 2023
Publication Date October 8, 2023
Submission Date August 13, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 8 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Kaplan, Ö., & Başer, M. (2023). A Neglected Area: Restless Leg Syndrome in Pregnancy and The Role of the Obstetric and Gynecology Nurse. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 8(3), 1073-1080. https://doi.org/10.61399/ikcusbfd.1161636
AMA Kaplan Ö, Başer M. A Neglected Area: Restless Leg Syndrome in Pregnancy and The Role of the Obstetric and Gynecology Nurse. İKÇÜSBFD. October 2023;8(3):1073-1080. doi:10.61399/ikcusbfd.1161636
Chicago Kaplan, Özlem, and Mürüvvet Başer. “A Neglected Area: Restless Leg Syndrome in Pregnancy and The Role of the Obstetric and Gynecology Nurse”. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi 8, no. 3 (October 2023): 1073-80. https://doi.org/10.61399/ikcusbfd.1161636.
EndNote Kaplan Ö, Başer M (October 1, 2023) A Neglected Area: Restless Leg Syndrome in Pregnancy and The Role of the Obstetric and Gynecology Nurse. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi 8 3 1073–1080.
IEEE Ö. Kaplan and M. Başer, “A Neglected Area: Restless Leg Syndrome in Pregnancy and The Role of the Obstetric and Gynecology Nurse”, İKÇÜSBFD, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 1073–1080, 2023, doi: 10.61399/ikcusbfd.1161636.
ISNAD Kaplan, Özlem - Başer, Mürüvvet. “A Neglected Area: Restless Leg Syndrome in Pregnancy and The Role of the Obstetric and Gynecology Nurse”. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi 8/3 (October 2023), 1073-1080. https://doi.org/10.61399/ikcusbfd.1161636.
JAMA Kaplan Ö, Başer M. A Neglected Area: Restless Leg Syndrome in Pregnancy and The Role of the Obstetric and Gynecology Nurse. İKÇÜSBFD. 2023;8:1073–1080.
MLA Kaplan, Özlem and Mürüvvet Başer. “A Neglected Area: Restless Leg Syndrome in Pregnancy and The Role of the Obstetric and Gynecology Nurse”. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 8, no. 3, 2023, pp. 1073-80, doi:10.61399/ikcusbfd.1161636.
Vancouver Kaplan Ö, Başer M. A Neglected Area: Restless Leg Syndrome in Pregnancy and The Role of the Obstetric and Gynecology Nurse. İKÇÜSBFD. 2023;8(3):1073-80.



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