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COVID-19 Pandemisi ve Hemşireler için Etik Sorunlar

Year 2020, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 139 - 142, 30.06.2020

Abstract

Özet

Dünya’nın hiç beklemediği bir anda yüz yüze geldiği COVID-19 pandemisi, Aralık 2019’da Çin’in Hubei eyaleti Wuhan kentinde bildirilen ilk vakalar ile yaşamımıza girmiştir. Ortalama olarak beş aydır her gün artan hasta ve ölüm sayıları ile bireylerin, toplumların hayatlarında ciddi değişimlere neden olmuştur. Sağlık sistemini ve sağlık bakım profesyonellerini de derinden etkileyen bu süreçte hemşireler de etik sorunlarla sıklıkla karşılaşmaktadırlar. Bu etik sorunlar; “hemşirelerin, hastaların, meslektaşlarının ve ailelerin güvenliği”, “kısıtlı kaynakların dağıtımı” ve “hemşirelerin hastalar ve aileleri olan ilişkilerinin değişen doğası” kapsamında ele alınabilir. Hastanın doğrudan bakım vericisi olan hemşirelerin yaşadığı/yaşayabileceği etik ikilemleri nedenleri ile özetleyen bu makalenin COVID-19’un var olma sürecinin önümüzdeki günlerde de devam edeceği düşünüldüğünde konuya ilişkin bir bakış açısı geliştireceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: COVID-19, hemşire, etik sorun.

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic, which the world faced at a very unexpected moment, entered our lives with the first cases Wuhan, China’s Hubei province in December 2019. It has caused serious changes in the lives of individuals and communities with the increasing number of patients and deaths every day for an average of five months. In this process which deeply affects the health system and health care professionals, nurses frequently encounter ethical problems. These ethical issues can be addressed within the context of “safety of nurses, patients, colleagues and families”, “distribution of limited resources”, and “changing nature of nurses’ relationships with patients and their families”. It is believed that the present article, summarizes the ethical dilemmas experienced by the nurses, will provide a perspective on the issue considering that the presence of COVID-19 will continue in the coming days.

Keywords: COVID-19, nurse, ethical issue.

References

  • Aiken, L. H., Cimiotti, J. P., Sloane, D. M., Smith, H. L., Flynn, L., & Neff, D. F. (2012). Effects of nurse staffing and nurse education on patient deaths in hospitals with different nurse work environments. The Journal Of Nursing Administration, 42(10 Suppl), 10.
  • Aiken, L. H., Sloane, D., Griffiths, P., Rafferty, A. M., Bruyneel, L., McHugh, M., et al. (2017). Nursing skill mix in European hospitals: cross-sectional study of the association with mortality, patient ratings, and quality of care. BMJ Quality & Safety, 26(7), 559-568.
  • American Nurses Association, (2015, January). Code of ethics for nurses with interpretive statements. Silver Spring, Maryland. Retrieved May 18, 2020, from https://www.nursingworld.org/practice-policy/ nursing-excellence/ethics/code-of-ethics-for-nurses/coe-view-only/.
  • Berlinger, N., Wynia, M., Powell, T., Hester, D. M., Guidry-Grimes, L. K., Watson, J. C., et al. (2020). Ethical framework for health care institutions responding to novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) guidelines for institutional ethics services responding to COVID-19. Retrieved May 18, 2020, from https://www.thehastingscenter.org/ wp content/uploads/HastingsCenterCOVIDFramework2020.pdf .
  • Büken, N. Ö. (2010). Pandemik influenza ve etik. Hacettepe Tıp Dergisi, 41, 62-68.
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  • Dunn, M., Sheehan, M., Hordern, J., Turnham, H. L., & Wilkinson, D. (2020). ‘Your country needs you’: The ethics of allocating staff to high-risk clinical roles in the management of patients with COVID-19. Journal of Medical Ethics. Retrived May 23, 2020 from https://blogs.bmj.com/ medical-ethics/2020/04/11/your-country-needs-you-the-ethics-ofallocating-staff-to-high-risk-clinical-roles-in-the-management-ofpatients-with-covid-19/
  • Fourie, C. (2017). Who is experiencing what kind of moral distress? distinctions for moving from a narrow to a broad definition of moral distress. AMA Journal Of Ethics, 19(6), 578-584.
  • Gray, N. (2020). Palliative Care in the Time of COVID: A Visual Essay. Retrieved May,18, 2020, from https://www.medscape.com/ slideshow/palliative-care-6012838
  • Swine Flu (2009). Pandemic Flu: Managing demand and capacity in health care organisations (Surge). Retrieved May 18, 2020, from https:// www.hsj.co.uk/swine-flu/pandemic-flu-managing-demand-andcapacity-in-health-care-organisations-surge/5005098.article
  • Huxtable, R. (2020). COVID-19: Where is the national ethical guidance?. BMC Medical Ethics, 1, 21(1), 32.
  • Institute of Medicine, Committee on Guidance for Establishing Crisis Standards of Care for Use in Disaster Situations (2012). Crisis standards of care: A systems framework for catastrophic disaster response. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. DOI: 10.17226/13351
  • Leider, J. P., DeBruin, D., Reynolds, N., Koch, A., & Seaberg, J. (2017). Ethical guidance for disaster response, specifically around crisis standards of care: A systematic review. American Journal Of Public Health, 107(9), 1-9.
  • Morley, G., Grady, C., McCarthy, J., & Ulrich, C. M. (2020). COVID-19: Ethical challenges for nurses. Hastings Center Report. Retrieved May 18, 2020, from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ hast.1110
  • National Academies of Sciences. (2020). Rapid Expert Consultation on Crisis Standard of Care for the COVID-19 Pandemic. Washington DC:National Academies Press.
  • National Health Service. (2020). Coronavirus: Principles for ıncreasing the nursing workforce in response to exceptional ıncreased demand in adult critical care. Retrieved May 18, 2020, from https:// www.england.nhs.uk/coronavirus/.
  • Türkiye Psikiyatri Derneği (2020). Covıd-19 pandemi sürecinde enfeksiyon riski ve psikiyatri açısından zorunlu tedaviler. https://www.psikiyatri.org.tr/uploadFiles/54202016551ZorunlutedavilerCOVID.pdf Erişim tarihi:18.05.2020.
  • T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü (2019). Pandemik İnfluenza Ulusal Hazırlık Planı. https://grip.gov.tr/depo/saglikcalisanlari/ulusal_pandemi_plani.pdf. Erişim tarihi:18.05.2020.
  • Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi. (2020). COVID-19 Küresel Salgın Değerlendirme Raporu. http://www.tuba.gov.tr/files/yayinlar/ raporlar/T%C3%9CBA%20COVID-19%20Raporu%203.%20 G%C3%BCncelleme.pdf. Erişim tarihi:18.05.2020.
  • Üstün, Ç, & Özçiftçi, S. (2020). COVID-19 pandemisinin sosyal yaşam ve etik düzlem üzerine etkileri: bir değerlendirme çalışması. Anadolu Kliniği Tıp Bilimleri Dergisi, 25(Supplement 1), 142-153.
  • World Health Organization. (2020). State of the World’s Nursing 2020: Investing in Education, Jobs and Leadership (Geneva: WHO, 2020). Retrieved May 19, 2020, from https://www.who.int/publicationsdetail/nursing-report-2020.

COVID-19 Pandemia and Ethical Problems for Nurses

Year 2020, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 139 - 142, 30.06.2020

Abstract

References

  • Aiken, L. H., Cimiotti, J. P., Sloane, D. M., Smith, H. L., Flynn, L., & Neff, D. F. (2012). Effects of nurse staffing and nurse education on patient deaths in hospitals with different nurse work environments. The Journal Of Nursing Administration, 42(10 Suppl), 10.
  • Aiken, L. H., Sloane, D., Griffiths, P., Rafferty, A. M., Bruyneel, L., McHugh, M., et al. (2017). Nursing skill mix in European hospitals: cross-sectional study of the association with mortality, patient ratings, and quality of care. BMJ Quality & Safety, 26(7), 559-568.
  • American Nurses Association, (2015, January). Code of ethics for nurses with interpretive statements. Silver Spring, Maryland. Retrieved May 18, 2020, from https://www.nursingworld.org/practice-policy/ nursing-excellence/ethics/code-of-ethics-for-nurses/coe-view-only/.
  • Berlinger, N., Wynia, M., Powell, T., Hester, D. M., Guidry-Grimes, L. K., Watson, J. C., et al. (2020). Ethical framework for health care institutions responding to novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) guidelines for institutional ethics services responding to COVID-19. Retrieved May 18, 2020, from https://www.thehastingscenter.org/ wp content/uploads/HastingsCenterCOVIDFramework2020.pdf .
  • Büken, N. Ö. (2010). Pandemik influenza ve etik. Hacettepe Tıp Dergisi, 41, 62-68.
  • Büken, N. Ö. (2020). Salgın ve etik. https://www.birikimdergisi.com/ guncel/9999/salgin-ve-etik Erişim tarihi: 19.05.2020.
  • Dunn, M., Sheehan, M., Hordern, J., Turnham, H. L., & Wilkinson, D. (2020). ‘Your country needs you’: The ethics of allocating staff to high-risk clinical roles in the management of patients with COVID-19. Journal of Medical Ethics. Retrived May 23, 2020 from https://blogs.bmj.com/ medical-ethics/2020/04/11/your-country-needs-you-the-ethics-ofallocating-staff-to-high-risk-clinical-roles-in-the-management-ofpatients-with-covid-19/
  • Fourie, C. (2017). Who is experiencing what kind of moral distress? distinctions for moving from a narrow to a broad definition of moral distress. AMA Journal Of Ethics, 19(6), 578-584.
  • Gray, N. (2020). Palliative Care in the Time of COVID: A Visual Essay. Retrieved May,18, 2020, from https://www.medscape.com/ slideshow/palliative-care-6012838
  • Swine Flu (2009). Pandemic Flu: Managing demand and capacity in health care organisations (Surge). Retrieved May 18, 2020, from https:// www.hsj.co.uk/swine-flu/pandemic-flu-managing-demand-andcapacity-in-health-care-organisations-surge/5005098.article
  • Huxtable, R. (2020). COVID-19: Where is the national ethical guidance?. BMC Medical Ethics, 1, 21(1), 32.
  • Institute of Medicine, Committee on Guidance for Establishing Crisis Standards of Care for Use in Disaster Situations (2012). Crisis standards of care: A systems framework for catastrophic disaster response. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. DOI: 10.17226/13351
  • Leider, J. P., DeBruin, D., Reynolds, N., Koch, A., & Seaberg, J. (2017). Ethical guidance for disaster response, specifically around crisis standards of care: A systematic review. American Journal Of Public Health, 107(9), 1-9.
  • Morley, G., Grady, C., McCarthy, J., & Ulrich, C. M. (2020). COVID-19: Ethical challenges for nurses. Hastings Center Report. Retrieved May 18, 2020, from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ hast.1110
  • National Academies of Sciences. (2020). Rapid Expert Consultation on Crisis Standard of Care for the COVID-19 Pandemic. Washington DC:National Academies Press.
  • National Health Service. (2020). Coronavirus: Principles for ıncreasing the nursing workforce in response to exceptional ıncreased demand in adult critical care. Retrieved May 18, 2020, from https:// www.england.nhs.uk/coronavirus/.
  • Türkiye Psikiyatri Derneği (2020). Covıd-19 pandemi sürecinde enfeksiyon riski ve psikiyatri açısından zorunlu tedaviler. https://www.psikiyatri.org.tr/uploadFiles/54202016551ZorunlutedavilerCOVID.pdf Erişim tarihi:18.05.2020.
  • T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü (2019). Pandemik İnfluenza Ulusal Hazırlık Planı. https://grip.gov.tr/depo/saglikcalisanlari/ulusal_pandemi_plani.pdf. Erişim tarihi:18.05.2020.
  • Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi. (2020). COVID-19 Küresel Salgın Değerlendirme Raporu. http://www.tuba.gov.tr/files/yayinlar/ raporlar/T%C3%9CBA%20COVID-19%20Raporu%203.%20 G%C3%BCncelleme.pdf. Erişim tarihi:18.05.2020.
  • Üstün, Ç, & Özçiftçi, S. (2020). COVID-19 pandemisinin sosyal yaşam ve etik düzlem üzerine etkileri: bir değerlendirme çalışması. Anadolu Kliniği Tıp Bilimleri Dergisi, 25(Supplement 1), 142-153.
  • World Health Organization. (2020). State of the World’s Nursing 2020: Investing in Education, Jobs and Leadership (Geneva: WHO, 2020). Retrieved May 19, 2020, from https://www.who.int/publicationsdetail/nursing-report-2020.
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Derlemeler
Authors

Esra Akın Palandöken 0000-0002-8182-492X

Publication Date June 30, 2020
Submission Date May 20, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Akın Palandöken, E. (2020). COVID-19 Pandemisi ve Hemşireler için Etik Sorunlar. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), 139-142.
AMA Akın Palandöken E. COVID-19 Pandemisi ve Hemşireler için Etik Sorunlar. İKÇÜSBFD. June 2020;5(2):139-142.
Chicago Akın Palandöken, Esra. “COVID-19 Pandemisi Ve Hemşireler için Etik Sorunlar”. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi 5, no. 2 (June 2020): 139-42.
EndNote Akın Palandöken E (June 1, 2020) COVID-19 Pandemisi ve Hemşireler için Etik Sorunlar. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi 5 2 139–142.
IEEE E. Akın Palandöken, “COVID-19 Pandemisi ve Hemşireler için Etik Sorunlar”, İKÇÜSBFD, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 139–142, 2020.
ISNAD Akın Palandöken, Esra. “COVID-19 Pandemisi Ve Hemşireler için Etik Sorunlar”. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi 5/2 (June 2020), 139-142.
JAMA Akın Palandöken E. COVID-19 Pandemisi ve Hemşireler için Etik Sorunlar. İKÇÜSBFD. 2020;5:139–142.
MLA Akın Palandöken, Esra. “COVID-19 Pandemisi Ve Hemşireler için Etik Sorunlar”. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 5, no. 2, 2020, pp. 139-42.
Vancouver Akın Palandöken E. COVID-19 Pandemisi ve Hemşireler için Etik Sorunlar. İKÇÜSBFD. 2020;5(2):139-42.



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