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Nikel Ara Katman Kullanılarak İnsörtlü Toz Enjeksiyon Kalıplama Yöntemiyle WC-Co/HSS Kompozit Parça Üretiminin Araştırılması

Year 2018, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 374 - 384, 30.06.2018

Harun Koçak Kamran Samet Oğuz Yılmaz Çetin Karataş

https://doi.org/10.29109/http-gujsc-gazi-edu-tr.338871
Cited By: 4

Abstract

Toz
enjeksiyon kalıplama yöntemiyle yüksek yoğunluklu metal, seramik,
kompozit ve intermetal malzemelerden geometrik hassasiyete sahip küçük
parçaların üretimi yapılabilmektedir. Daha büyük parçalar üretebilmek için
insört adı verilen hazır parça kalıp içerisine yerleştirilerek üzerine toz
enjeksiyon kalıplama yapılmaktadır. Bu yöntem insörtlü toz enjeksiyon kalıplama
(İTEK) olarak adlandırılmaktadır. İTEK yöntemi, 
daha büyük parçaların üretiminde kullanılmasının yanında farklı
malzemelerden parça üretimi için de kullanılabilecek bir yöntemdir. Bu
çalışmada nikel ara katman kullanılarak insörtlü
toz enjeksiyon kalıplama yöntemiyle WC-Co/HSS kompozit parça üretimi
araştırılmıştır. Sinterleme sıcaklığının ve süresinin etkileri, besleme
stokunda meydana gelen boyutsal çekme ve ara bölgedeki kesme dayanımı
incelenmiştir. Sıcaklık ve süre arttıkça enjekte kısmın boyutsal çekme miktarı
artmaktadır. En yüksek boyutsal çekme oranı, 1250 °C 360 dakikada sinterlenen
numunelerde %15,92 olarak ölçülmüştür. Deneylerde en yüksek kesme mukavemeti
1200 °C sıcaklık ve 120 dakika sinterleme süresiyle, 100 µm Ni ara katman
kullanılan numunede 114 MPa olarak elde edilmiştir.  

Keywords

İTEK WC-Co HSS

References

  • [1] German, R.M. and Bose, A. (1997). Injection Molding of Metals and Ceramics (First edition). Metal Powder Industries Federation. New Jersey: Princeton, 5-280.
  • [2] Safarian, A., Subaşi, M., Karataş, Ç., “Reducing debinding time in thick components fabricated by powder injection molding”, International Journal of Materials Research, Vol. 106, No. 5, pp.527-531., 2015.
  • [3] Karataş, Ç., Sarıtaş, S., “Rheological Properties 0f Mixed GasWater Atomized Stainless Steel Powder MIM Feedstock” The International Journal of Powder Metallurgy, 37, No.8 (3944), 2001.
  • [4] Karataş, Ç., Sarıtaş, S., “Toz Enjeksiyon Kalıplama: Bir Yüksek Teknoloji imalat Metodu” Gazi Ün. Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 13, (2),(193), 1998.
  • [5] Safarian, A., Subaşi, M., Karataş, Ç., “The effect of sintering parameters on diffusion bonding of 316L stainless steel in inserted metal injection molding, Int J Adv Manuf Technol, 89, 2165–2173, 2017.
  • [6] Brookes, K.J.A., World Directory and Handbook of Hardmetals, 4th ed., International Carbide Data, Hertfordshire, UK, pp. 47–59.,1987.
  • [7] Parasiris, A., Hartwig, K.T., and Srinivasan M.N., : Scripta Mater., vol. 42, pp. 875–80., 2000
  • [8] Wang, X., Fang, Z.Z., and Sohn, H.Y., “ "Grain growth during the early stage of sintering of nanosized WC-Co powder”, Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mater., vol. 26, pp. 232–241., 2008.
  • [9] Nowacki, J., Kawiak, M., “Tensions and deformations of WC - CO cermets and 17-4 PH steel vacuum brazed joints”, Journal of Mater. Processing Technology, 686, 1-6.,2003.
  • [10] Northrop I. T., “The joining of tungsten carbide hardmetal to steel”, J. S. Afr. Inst. Min. Metall., 87:125–35, 1987.
  • [11] Naylor, W.P., Introduction to Metal-Ceramic Technology, Quintessence Publishing Co.Inc., Chicago,1992
  • [12] Passerone A., and Muolo, M.L., “Metal-Ceramic Interfaces: Wetting and Joining Processes”, Int. J. Mater. Prod. Technol., 20(5/6), p 420–439, 2004.
  • [13] Atabaki, M. M., “Recent Progress In Joınıng Of Ceramıc Powder Metallurgy Products To Metals”, Association of Metall. Engineers of Serbia, Vol 16 (4), p. 255-268, 2010.
  • [14] Cai, P. Z., Green D. J., and Messing, G. L., “Constrained Densification of Alumina/Zirconia Hybrid Laminates, I: Experimental Observations of Precessing Defects” J. Amer. Ceram. Soc. 80, 1929-39, 1997.
  • [15] Heaney, D. F., Surı, P., German, R. M., “Defect-free sintering of two material powder injection molded components”, Journal Of Materıals Scıence, 38, 4869 – 4874, 2003.
  • [16] Zhonga, Z., Hinokib, T., Kohyamab, A., “Effect of holding time on the microstructure and strength of tungsten/ferritic steel joints diffusion bonded with a nickel interlayer”, Materials Science and Engineering, A 518, 167–173, 2009.
  • [17] Zhang, J.X., Chandel, R.S., Chen, Y.Z., Seow, H.P., “Effect of residual stress on the strength of an alumina–steel joint by partial transient liquid phase (PTLP) brazing”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 122, 220–225, 2002.
  • [18] Chen, H., Feng, K., Xiong, J., Guo., Z., “Characterization and stress relaxation of the functionally graded WC–Co/Ni component/stainless steel joint”, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 557, 18–22, 2013.
  • [19] Johnson, J.L., Tan, L.K., Suri, P. and German, R.M., “Design guidelines for processing bi-material components via powder-injection molding”. The Journal of the Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, 55(10), 30-34., 2003
  • [20] Ruh, A., Piotter, V., Plewa, K., Haußelt, J., “Effects of material improvement and injection moulding tool design on the movability of sintered two-component micro parts”, Microsystem Technologies, 16(11):1989-1994 •(2010)
  • [21] Baojun, Z., Xuanhui, Q., Ying, T., “Powder injection molding of WC–8%Co tungsten cemented carbide”, International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials, 20, 389–394, 2002.
  • [22] Sun, Y., Su, W., Yang, H., Ruan, J., “Effects of WC particle size on sintering behaviour and mechanical properties of coarse grained WC–8Co cemented carbides fabricated by unmilled composite powders”, Ceramics International, 41,14482–14491, 2015.
  • [23] Heng, S.Y., Muhamad, N., Sulongn, A.B., Fayyaz, A., Yulis, S., Amin, M., “Effect of sintering temperature on the mechanical and physica lproperties of WC–10% Co through micro-powder injection molding(mPIM)”, Ceramics International, 39, 4457–446, 2013.
  • [24] Eso, O., Fang, Z., Griffo, A., “Liquid phase sintering of functionally graded WC–Co composites”, International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials, 23, 233–241, 2005.
  • [25] Simchi A. and Petzoldt F., “Cosintering of Powder Injection Molding Parts Madefrom Ultrafine WC-Co and 316L Stainless Steel Powders for Fabrication of Novel Composite Structures”, Metallurgical And Materials Transactions, V 41A, 234, 2010.
  • [26] Uhrenius, B., Pastor, H. and Pauty, E.,: Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mater., vol. 15, pp. 139–49, 1997.
  • [27] Chen, H., Feng, K., Wei, S., Xiong, J., Guo Z., Wang, H., “Microstructure and properties of WC–Co/3Cr13 joints brazed using Ni electroplated interlayer” Int. Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials, 33, 70–74,2012
  • [28] Jadoon, A.K., Ralph, B., Hornsby, P.R., “Metal to ceramic joining via a metallic interlayer bonding technique”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 152, 257–265, 2004
  • [29] AYDIN, M., “Gözenekli Seramik Malzeme İle Paslanmaz Çeliğin Difüzyon Kaynak Yöntemiyle Birleştirilmesi”, Gazi Üniv. Müh. Mim. Fak. Der., Cilt 23, No 3, 595-599, 2008.
  • [30] Kurt, A., Uygur, İ., ve Ateş, H., “Effect of Temperature on Weldability of Powder Metal Parts Joined by Diffusion Welding”, Materials Science Forum, 546-549(667-670), 2007.
  • [31] Zhang, J., Xiao, Y., Luo, G.Q., Shen, Q., Zhang, LM., “Effect of Ni interlayer on strength and microstructure of diffusion-bonded Mo/Cu joints”, Mater Lett, 66:113–6, 2012.
  • [32] Prince, A., Okamoto, H., “Handbook of ternary alloy phase diagrams”. Materials Park: ASM International, 1995.
  • [33] Fernandes, C.M., Seno, A.M.R., “Cemented carbide phase diagrams: a review” Int J Refract. Met. Hard. Mater., 29:405–18, 2011.
  • [34] Barrena, M.I., Gomez J.M., Salazar, L., Matesanz “Interfacial microstructure and mechanical strength of WC–Co/90MnCrV8 cold work tool steel diffusion bonded joint with Cu/Ni electroplated interlayer”, Materials and Design, 3, 3389–3394, 2010
  • [35] Feng, K., Chen, H., Xiong, J., Guo, Z., “Inves. on diffusion bonding of functionally graded WC–Co/Ni composite and stainless steel”, Mater. and Des., 46, 622–626, 2013.

Year 2018, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 374 - 384, 30.06.2018

Harun Koçak Kamran Samet Oğuz Yılmaz Çetin Karataş

https://doi.org/10.29109/http-gujsc-gazi-edu-tr.338871
Cited By: 4

Abstract

References

  • [1] German, R.M. and Bose, A. (1997). Injection Molding of Metals and Ceramics (First edition). Metal Powder Industries Federation. New Jersey: Princeton, 5-280.
  • [2] Safarian, A., Subaşi, M., Karataş, Ç., “Reducing debinding time in thick components fabricated by powder injection molding”, International Journal of Materials Research, Vol. 106, No. 5, pp.527-531., 2015.
  • [3] Karataş, Ç., Sarıtaş, S., “Rheological Properties 0f Mixed GasWater Atomized Stainless Steel Powder MIM Feedstock” The International Journal of Powder Metallurgy, 37, No.8 (3944), 2001.
  • [4] Karataş, Ç., Sarıtaş, S., “Toz Enjeksiyon Kalıplama: Bir Yüksek Teknoloji imalat Metodu” Gazi Ün. Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 13, (2),(193), 1998.
  • [5] Safarian, A., Subaşi, M., Karataş, Ç., “The effect of sintering parameters on diffusion bonding of 316L stainless steel in inserted metal injection molding, Int J Adv Manuf Technol, 89, 2165–2173, 2017.
  • [6] Brookes, K.J.A., World Directory and Handbook of Hardmetals, 4th ed., International Carbide Data, Hertfordshire, UK, pp. 47–59.,1987.
  • [7] Parasiris, A., Hartwig, K.T., and Srinivasan M.N., : Scripta Mater., vol. 42, pp. 875–80., 2000
  • [8] Wang, X., Fang, Z.Z., and Sohn, H.Y., “ "Grain growth during the early stage of sintering of nanosized WC-Co powder”, Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mater., vol. 26, pp. 232–241., 2008.
  • [9] Nowacki, J., Kawiak, M., “Tensions and deformations of WC - CO cermets and 17-4 PH steel vacuum brazed joints”, Journal of Mater. Processing Technology, 686, 1-6.,2003.
  • [10] Northrop I. T., “The joining of tungsten carbide hardmetal to steel”, J. S. Afr. Inst. Min. Metall., 87:125–35, 1987.
  • [11] Naylor, W.P., Introduction to Metal-Ceramic Technology, Quintessence Publishing Co.Inc., Chicago,1992
  • [12] Passerone A., and Muolo, M.L., “Metal-Ceramic Interfaces: Wetting and Joining Processes”, Int. J. Mater. Prod. Technol., 20(5/6), p 420–439, 2004.
  • [13] Atabaki, M. M., “Recent Progress In Joınıng Of Ceramıc Powder Metallurgy Products To Metals”, Association of Metall. Engineers of Serbia, Vol 16 (4), p. 255-268, 2010.
  • [14] Cai, P. Z., Green D. J., and Messing, G. L., “Constrained Densification of Alumina/Zirconia Hybrid Laminates, I: Experimental Observations of Precessing Defects” J. Amer. Ceram. Soc. 80, 1929-39, 1997.
  • [15] Heaney, D. F., Surı, P., German, R. M., “Defect-free sintering of two material powder injection molded components”, Journal Of Materıals Scıence, 38, 4869 – 4874, 2003.
  • [16] Zhonga, Z., Hinokib, T., Kohyamab, A., “Effect of holding time on the microstructure and strength of tungsten/ferritic steel joints diffusion bonded with a nickel interlayer”, Materials Science and Engineering, A 518, 167–173, 2009.
  • [17] Zhang, J.X., Chandel, R.S., Chen, Y.Z., Seow, H.P., “Effect of residual stress on the strength of an alumina–steel joint by partial transient liquid phase (PTLP) brazing”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 122, 220–225, 2002.
  • [18] Chen, H., Feng, K., Xiong, J., Guo., Z., “Characterization and stress relaxation of the functionally graded WC–Co/Ni component/stainless steel joint”, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 557, 18–22, 2013.
  • [19] Johnson, J.L., Tan, L.K., Suri, P. and German, R.M., “Design guidelines for processing bi-material components via powder-injection molding”. The Journal of the Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, 55(10), 30-34., 2003
  • [20] Ruh, A., Piotter, V., Plewa, K., Haußelt, J., “Effects of material improvement and injection moulding tool design on the movability of sintered two-component micro parts”, Microsystem Technologies, 16(11):1989-1994 •(2010)
  • [21] Baojun, Z., Xuanhui, Q., Ying, T., “Powder injection molding of WC–8%Co tungsten cemented carbide”, International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials, 20, 389–394, 2002.
  • [22] Sun, Y., Su, W., Yang, H., Ruan, J., “Effects of WC particle size on sintering behaviour and mechanical properties of coarse grained WC–8Co cemented carbides fabricated by unmilled composite powders”, Ceramics International, 41,14482–14491, 2015.
  • [23] Heng, S.Y., Muhamad, N., Sulongn, A.B., Fayyaz, A., Yulis, S., Amin, M., “Effect of sintering temperature on the mechanical and physica lproperties of WC–10% Co through micro-powder injection molding(mPIM)”, Ceramics International, 39, 4457–446, 2013.
  • [24] Eso, O., Fang, Z., Griffo, A., “Liquid phase sintering of functionally graded WC–Co composites”, International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials, 23, 233–241, 2005.
  • [25] Simchi A. and Petzoldt F., “Cosintering of Powder Injection Molding Parts Madefrom Ultrafine WC-Co and 316L Stainless Steel Powders for Fabrication of Novel Composite Structures”, Metallurgical And Materials Transactions, V 41A, 234, 2010.
  • [26] Uhrenius, B., Pastor, H. and Pauty, E.,: Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mater., vol. 15, pp. 139–49, 1997.
  • [27] Chen, H., Feng, K., Wei, S., Xiong, J., Guo Z., Wang, H., “Microstructure and properties of WC–Co/3Cr13 joints brazed using Ni electroplated interlayer” Int. Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials, 33, 70–74,2012
  • [28] Jadoon, A.K., Ralph, B., Hornsby, P.R., “Metal to ceramic joining via a metallic interlayer bonding technique”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 152, 257–265, 2004
  • [29] AYDIN, M., “Gözenekli Seramik Malzeme İle Paslanmaz Çeliğin Difüzyon Kaynak Yöntemiyle Birleştirilmesi”, Gazi Üniv. Müh. Mim. Fak. Der., Cilt 23, No 3, 595-599, 2008.
  • [30] Kurt, A., Uygur, İ., ve Ateş, H., “Effect of Temperature on Weldability of Powder Metal Parts Joined by Diffusion Welding”, Materials Science Forum, 546-549(667-670), 2007.
  • [31] Zhang, J., Xiao, Y., Luo, G.Q., Shen, Q., Zhang, LM., “Effect of Ni interlayer on strength and microstructure of diffusion-bonded Mo/Cu joints”, Mater Lett, 66:113–6, 2012.
  • [32] Prince, A., Okamoto, H., “Handbook of ternary alloy phase diagrams”. Materials Park: ASM International, 1995.
  • [33] Fernandes, C.M., Seno, A.M.R., “Cemented carbide phase diagrams: a review” Int J Refract. Met. Hard. Mater., 29:405–18, 2011.
  • [34] Barrena, M.I., Gomez J.M., Salazar, L., Matesanz “Interfacial microstructure and mechanical strength of WC–Co/90MnCrV8 cold work tool steel diffusion bonded joint with Cu/Ni electroplated interlayer”, Materials and Design, 3, 3389–3394, 2010
  • [35] Feng, K., Chen, H., Xiong, J., Guo, Z., “Inves. on diffusion bonding of functionally graded WC–Co/Ni composite and stainless steel”, Mater. and Des., 46, 622–626, 2013.
There are 35 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Original Articles
Authors

Harun Koçak

Kamran Samet This is me

Oğuz Yılmaz This is me

Çetin Karataş

Publication Date June 30, 2018
Submission Date September 19, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Koçak, H., Samet, K., Yılmaz, O., Karataş, Ç. (2018). Nikel Ara Katman Kullanılarak İnsörtlü Toz Enjeksiyon Kalıplama Yöntemiyle WC-Co/HSS Kompozit Parça Üretiminin Araştırılması. Gazi University Journal of Science Part C: Design and Technology, 6(2), 374-384. https://doi.org/10.29109/http-gujsc-gazi-edu-tr.338871

Cited By

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GAZI UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF SCIENCE
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Journal of Manufacturing Processes
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2020.08.058
İNSÖRTLÜ TOZ ENJEKSİYON KALIPLAMADA İNSÖRT MALZEMESİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI
Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Part C: Tasarım ve Teknoloji
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https://doi.org/10.29109/gujsc.728630
Toz Enjeksiyon Kalıplama ile Üretilen Parçada İç Vida Geometrisinin Elde Edilmesinin Araştırılması
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Mehmet SUBAŞI
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